托福--阅读长难句

•阅读中的长难句•ThisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethecakethatwasputinthehousethatJackbuilt.•ThisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethecakethatwasputinthehousethatJackbuilt.•ThisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethecakethatwasputinthehousethatJackbuilt.•这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。•这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。屋子是杰克盖的。长难句类型：1、主语或宾语拉长2、分词短语打头3、多个谓语动词连用4、插入语5、并列结构使得句子变长6、多重复合句叠加总原则：浓缩主干，找出核心句型1、主语或宾语拉长解决方法：有效分解主谓成分，断开之后各个击破。Thedeserts,whichalreadyoccupyaboutafourthoftheEarth’slandsurface,haveinrecentdecadesbeenincreasingatanalarmingpace.(OGPractice2)Note:occupy占据；surface表面；alarming令人担忧的；1、主语或宾语拉长解决方法：有效分解主谓成分，断开之后各个击破。Thedeserts,whichalreadyoccupyaboutafourthoftheEarth’slandsurface,haveinrecentdecadesbeenincreasingatanalarmingpace.(OGPractice2)Note:occupy占据；surface表面；alarming令人担忧的；1、主语或宾语拉长解决方法：有效分解主谓成分，断开之后各个击破。Thedeserts,whichalreadyoccupyaboutafourthoftheEarth’slandsurface,haveinrecentdecadesbeenincreasingatanalarmingpace.(OGPractice2)Note:occupy占据；surface表面；decade十年；alarming令人担忧的；pace步伐，速度2、分词短语打头句子呈现三段（或三段以上）的长句式解决方法：理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。Workinginacentury-oldschoolhouseinthevillageofMarland,Pennsylvania,theConservancy’sBudSmithisworkingwithlocalpeopleandbusinessleaderstobalanceeconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.Note：Conservancy大自然保护协会2、分词短语打头句子呈现三段（或三段以上）的长句式解决方法：理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。Workinginacentury-oldschoolhouseinthevillageofMarland,Pennsylvania,theConservancy’sBudSmithisworkingwithlocalpeopleandbusinessleaderstobalanceeconomicgrowthenvironmentalprotection.Note：Conservancy大自然保护协会2、分词短语打头句子呈现三段（或三段以上）的长句式解决方法：理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。Workinginacentury-oldschoolhouseinthevillageofMarland,Pennsylvania,theConservancy’sBudSmithisworkingwithlocalpeopleandbusinessleaderstobalanceeconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.Note：Conservancy大自然保护协会2、分词短语打头句子呈现三段（或三段以上）的长句式解决方法：理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。Havinglittleunderstandingofnaturalcauses,itattributesbothdesirableandundesirableoccurrencestosupernaturalormagicalforces,anditsearchesformeanstowinthefavoroftheseforces.（TPO）Note：itreferstosociety2、分词短语打头句子呈现三段（或三段以上）的长句式解决方法：理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。Havinglittleunderstandingofnaturalcauses,itattributesbothdesirableandundesirableoccurrencestosupernaturalormagicalforces,anditsearchesformeanstowinthefavoroftheseforces.Note：itreferstosociety———————————————介词短语位于句首类似分词短语形式。InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers.介词短语位于句首类似分词短语形式。InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers.介词短语位于句首类似分词短语形式。InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers.—————————————————————————————turntosbforsth有一段时间，美国的儿童学业表现不尽如人意，许多人于是转向日本，想从中寻求可能的解决办法，因为日本不仅经济实力强，而且学术成就也很高。3、多个谓语动词连用解决方法：遇到多个谓语动词连用情况要分清主句谓语动词和从句的谓语动词。英语句子本身就犹如一棵大树，只能有一个主干起支撑作用，其他起辅助作用。•Scratchythroats,stuffynosesandbodyachesallspellmisery,butbeingabletotellifthecauseisacoldorflumaymakeadifferenceinhowlongthemiserylasts.•Notes:scratchy痒的；stuffy不通气的；•Spell：引起；makeadifference有影响，有关系•Scratchythroats,stuffynosesandbodyachesallspellmisery,butbeingabletotellifthecauseisacoldorflumaymakeadifferenceinhowlongthemiserylasts.•Notes:scratchy痒的；stuffy不通气的；•Spell：引起；makeadifference有影响，有关系•Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsertrubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationtoreducetheimpactofgroundvibrations.•Foundation地基•Insert插入•Vibration震动•Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsertrubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationtoreducetheimpactofgroundvibrations.•Foundation地基•Insert插入•Vibration震动•Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsertrubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationtoreducetheimpactofgroundvibrations.•Foundation地基•Insert插入•Vibration震动•后来，人们试图解除了它的基础建设，并插入橡胶之间的建筑物和地基钢铁以减少地表震动的影响。•4、插入语提示词suchas;forexample;including,破折号前后逗号隔开.快速阅读的时候通常会把它省略，即忽略不看。但是，如果根据文章问题回原文定位句子时，如果定位的关键句子包含了以上插入语中的任何一种形式，则答案往往就在此处。例如：•Itispossiblethattubesmadefromanimalboneswereusedforsprayingbecausehollowbones,somestainedwithpigment,havebeenfoundnearby.(TPO)•Itispossiblethattubesmadefromanimalboneswereusedforsprayingbecausehollowbones,somestainedwithpigment,havebeenfoundnearby.(TPO)•Pigment:颜色•Itispossiblethattubesmadefromanimalboneswereusedforsprayingbecausehollowbones,somestainedwithpigment,havebeenfoundnearby.(TPO)•Pigment:颜色Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport—financialaid,materialresources,andneededservices—thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveandcopewithourproblems.Q：Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkisanexampleof———A.instrumentalsupportB.informationalsupportC.socialcompanionshipD.thestrengtheningofself-respect•在主语后面加上同位语、插入语、或非限制性定语从句，（甚至是一个句子的主干主语）•注意：发现主语后面有一个逗号，立刻寻找另一个逗号，中间的内容跳读！•Arecentstu