英语单词直接拼读法1.英语单词读音规则1.1辅音字母的读音规则1.2辅音字母组合的读音规则1.3元音字母在重读音节中的读音规则1.4元音字母在非重读音节中的读音规则1.5元音字母组合的读音规则1.6几个非重读后缀或字母组合的读音规则2.直接标音符号2.1重读符号2.2哑音符号2.3提醒符号2.4四类重读音节符号2.5几个直接标音符号2.6借用国际音标直接标音3.英语单词重读规律#############################################################################1.英语单词读音规则1.1辅音字母的读音规则字母读音例词字母读音例词1.1.1b/b/bed1.1.2d/d/end1.1.3f/f/fill1.1.4h/h/help1.1.5j/ʤ/job1.1.6k/k/milk1.1.7l/l/left1.1.8m/m/my1.1.9n/n/net1.1.10p/p/pen1.1.11r/r/red1.1.12t/t/let1.1.13v/v/vote1.1.14w/w/we1.1.15y/j/yes1.1.16z/z/zed1.1.17c在字母e,i,y前读/s/,如cell,cit'y,cyst;其余情况下读/K/,如cat,club,code.1.1.18g在字母e,i,y前读/ʤ/,如gene,gin,gym;其余情况下读/g/,如beg,golf,game.1.1.19s多数情况下读/s/,如six,desk,yes;有时读/z/,如is,his,vis'it(读/z/时可下画一条横线)。1.1.20x处于两元音字母之间,且其后元音重读时,读/gz/,如exist';其余情况下读/ks/,如six,next,excuse'.1.1.21q读/k/,如Iräq',NASDAQ(股票名);常与字母u用在一起,qu读/kw/,如quick,ques'tion.附:英语音标元音单元音:i:ieæɔʌuəɑ:ɔ:u:ə:双元音:eiaiɔiəuauiəeəuə辅音浊辅音:bdgʤvðzʒdzmnŋlrjw请辅音:ptkʧfθsʃtsh********************************************************************************************************************************************1.2辅音字母组合的读音规则1.2.1ch,tch读/ʧ/,如Chi'na,much;catch,match1.2.2ph,gh读/f/,如pho'to,phone1.2.3sh读/ʃ/,如shape,she,short,fish1.2.4th多数情况下读/θ/,如three,third但有时读/ð/,如that,than,with.(读/ð/时可下画一线).1.2.5wh在字母o前读/h/,如who,whom,whose(其中的字母o读/u:/);其余情况下读/w/,如which,when,why.1.2.6dg,dj读/ʤ/,如judge,lodg'ing;adjust',ad'jective.1.2.7n在和字母g构成字母组合时,以及处于读/g/或/k/的字母前(如c,g,k等)读/ŋ/。如long,thing,length;un'cle,zinc;an'gry,fin'ger;drink,think,thank.1.2.8gu在元音前读/g/,如guess,guide,guest;在字母n后读/gw/,如lan'guage,distin'guish,lin'guist.字母n因为处于/g/音前而读/ŋ/.1.2.9两个读同一个音的字母并列时,只读一个,如lit'tle,miss,hill,hob'by;clock,neck,black;scene,sci'ence,scythe,excite',except';accord'ing,accuse',occur'.***********************************************************************************1.3.元音字母在重读音节中的读音规则英语中有四类重读音节:闭音节,开音节,r音节,re音节。1.3.1闭音节指以辅音字母结尾的音节。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u在重读闭音节中分别读/æ//e//i//ɔ//ʌ/,如hand,help,lip,gym,hot,club.1.3.2开音节指以元音字母、‘元音字母+哑e’或‘一个辅音字母+哑e’结尾的音节。后者也叫约定开音节.元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u在重读开音节中分别读/ei//i://ai//ǝu//ju:/(即读字母名称,但y读/ai/)。如:a,face,make,age;he,mete,see,eve;I,hi,by,bye,time,type;go,home,stone,toe;cube,tube,use.但字母u在字母j,l,r后,读/u:/,不读/ju:/,如June,blue,rule.1.3.3r音节指以字母r或‘r+辅音字母’结尾的音节。在r音节中:ar读/ɑ:/,or读/ɔ:/,er,ir,yr,ur都读/ǝ:/。如:arm,far,start,large,Marx;or,for,cord,or'der;verb,her,serve;sir,first,dirt'y,cir'cle,myr'tle;hurt,nurse,return',mur'mur.注1.双r前的音节,是闭音节,不是r音节。如:car'ry,mar'ry,ber'ry,mir'ror,sor'ry,hur'ry.注2.在/w/音后,ar读/ɔ:/,如war,warm,warn;or读/ǝ:/,如word,work,world,worse.1.3.4re音节指元音字母与re结合而成的音节。在re音节中:are读/eǝ/,ere读/iǝ/,ire,yre读/aiǝ/,ore读/ɔ:/,ure读/juǝ/。如:care,dare,rare,hare,prepare';here,mere,severe';fire,wire,tire,entire',tyre;more,fore,core,before';cure,pure,endure'**********************************************************************************1.4元音字母在非重读音节中的读音规则1.4.1a,o,u读/ǝ/,如Chi'na,sec'ond,dif'ficult.1.4.2e,i,y读/i/,如result',vic'tim,hap'py.1.4.3ar,er,ir,or,ur,yr读/ǝ/,如gram'mar,let'ter,circum'ference,doc'tor,mur'mur,mar'tyr,persist',west'ern,east'ern.1.4.4o,u处于词末时分别读/ǝu/,/ju:/(即不弱化,按重读音节规则读)。如car'go,Ne'gro;men'u.1.4.5u在多音节词中,紧邻重读音节时,读/ju/(即轻度弱化)。如reg'ular,pop'ular,mon'ument.1.4.6a,i,y,u在多音节动词中,处于约定开音节结尾中,按重读音节读。如i'solate,ad'vertise,an'alyse,sub'stitute.1.4.7y在多音节动词词末不弱化,读/ai/。如:sat'isfy,mal'tiply,oc'cupy*********************************************************************************1.5元音字母组合的读音规则1.5.1au,aw读/ɔ:/,如cause,au'ral,launch,sauce,law,dawn.1.5.2eu,ew(iew)读/ju:/,如neu'tral,deuce;new,view,review'.1.5.3ou,ow读/au/,如house,loud;how,now,down.1.5.4ai,ay读/ei/,如wait,aid;day,may.1.5.5ei,ey读/ei/,如veil,wei;grey,they,convey'1.5.6oi,oy读/ɔi/,如choice,oil;boy,toy.1.5.7ea,ee读/i:/,如eat,cheap;deep,need.1.5.8ie,(c)ei读/i:/,如field,believe';receive',ceil'ing.1.5.9oa读/ǝu/,如road,soap,boat.1.5.10ue读/ju:/,如Tues’day,val'ue,pursue'.1.5.11air,aer读/eə/,如air,fair;aer'ial,aer'oplaneˌ.1.5.12ear,eer读/iə/如ear,clear;beer,deer.1.5.13our读/auə/如our,sour,our.1.5.14oo1.读/u/:在字母k前(book,look,took)和在good,foot,stood,wood,wool及其派生词(good'ness,foot'ball,wool'en等)中读/u/。2.读/u:/:在其余情况下读/u:/,如:cool,food,loose,room,zoo.3.读/ʌ/:在flood,blood及其派生词(flood'ing,blood'less等)中读/ʌ/.1.5.15igh读/ai/,如high,light,might,night.1.5.16augh,ough读/ɔ:/,如daugh'ter,caught,taught;ought,fought,thought。1.5.17oul在could,should,would中读/u/。***********************************************************************************1.6几个非重读后缀或字母组合的读音规则1.6.1a在后缀-ace,-ade,-age,-ate中读/i/,如pal'ace,com'rade,vil'lage,ac'curate.1.6.2e在后缀-el,-en,-ent,-ence,-ency中读/ə/,如cru'el,o’pen,stu'dent,si'lence,flu'ency.1.6.3i在后缀-ible中读/ə/,如pos'sible.1.6.4ai,ay,ei,ey在非重读音节中一般弱读为/i/,如moun'tain,Fri'day,for'feit,val'ley.1.6.5-ful读/ful/,如help'ful,harm'ful,use'ful.1.6.6-gue读/g/,如di'alogue,cat'alogue.1.6.7-que读/k/,如cheque,pic'turesque'.1.6.8-ous读/əs/,如fa'mous,gen'erous,nerv'ous.1.6.9-our读/ə/,如fa'vour,onour,la'bour.1.6.10-ure读/ə/,如fig'ure,in'jure.但在fail'ure中读/jə/.1.6.11-ow读/əu/,如win'dow,yel'low,pil'low.1.6.12-ture读/ʧə/,如pic'ture,cul'ture,fur'niture.1.6.13-sure在元音字母后读/ʒə/,如clo'sure,expo'sure.在辅音字母后读/ʃə/,如pres'sure,flex'ure(x=ks).1.6.14-ion读/ən/,如fash