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1云南广播电视大学云南国防工业职业技术学院毕业设计作者:崔文涛学号：20091119142学院:化学工程学院专业:精细化学品生产技术题目:15万吨湿法磷酸生产工艺-萃取和过滤工序指导者：(姓名)(专业技术职务)评阅者：(姓名)(专业技术职务)2012年2月摘要张永明高级讲师高级讲师张永明2本设计主要介绍了采用硫酸分解磷矿（湿法磷酸）制取磷酸。设计的主要内容有设计总论、工艺设计和非工艺设计三部分。总论部分详细介绍了产品的规格、原料选取、全厂生产路线的选择以及磷酸在国民生产中的重要性。工艺部分主要是分析湿法磷酸生产的基本原理、结晶过程、生产方法选择、工艺条件的确定、设备的选择、物料衡算、热量衡算和设备计算。非工艺部分主要介绍了地面水污染、大气污染和废气污染的处理情况。根据设计画出了湿法硫酸车间的生产工艺流程图。关键词：湿法磷酸，工艺设计，工艺计算。Abstract3thisdesignmainlyintroducedusesthesulfuricaciddecompositionphosphorusore(aqueousmethodphosphoricacid)thesystemtotakethephosphoricacid.Thedesignmaincontenthasthedesigngeneralremarks,thetechnologicaldesignandthenon-technologicaldesignthreeparts.Thegeneralremarkspartialindetailintroducedtheproductspecification,therawmaterialselection,theentirefactoryproducetheroutethechoiceaswellasthephosphoricacidlivesthemid-productionimportanceinthenational.Thecraftarepartialmainlyisanalyzestheaqueousmethodphosphoricacidproductionthebasicprinciple,thecrystalprocess,theproductionmethodchoice,thecraftconditiondetermination,theequipmentchoice,Materialbalance，thethermalgraduatedarmcalculateswiththeequipmentcomputation.Thenon-craftpartialmainlyintroducedthegroundwaterpollution,theairpollutionandthewastegaspollutionprocessingsituation.Accordingtodesignedhasdrawntheaqueousmethodsulfuricacidworkshopproductionflowchart.Keyword:Aqueousmethodphosphoricacid,technologicaldesign,processdesign目录4第一章绪论..........................................................................................................................61.1湿法磷酸生产的发展...............................................................................................6第二章概述..........................................................................................................................62.2磷酸的性质...............................................................................................................62.2.1磷酸的物理性质...............................................................................................62.2.2磷酸的化学性质...............................................................................................62.3硫酸...........................................................................................................................62.3.1硫酸的性质.......................................................................................................62.3.2硫酸用途...........................................................................................................62.4工艺路线及要求.......................................................................................................6第三章工艺生产过程........................................................................................................133.1湿法磷酸生产的基本原理.......................................................................................63.1.1湿法磷酸生产的主要化学反应.......................................................................63.2湿法磷酸生产过程中的相平衡..............................................................................63.2.1硫酸钙在CaSO4-H3PO-H2O三元体系相平衡.................................................63.2.2硫酸钙在CaSO4-H3PO-H2SO4-H2O四元体系中的相平衡.............................63.2.3硫酸钙在CaSO4-H3PO-H2O三元体系中的转化动力学.................................63.3磷酸的生成过程.......................................................................................................63.3.1磷矿的酸解过程...............................................................................................63.3.2硫酸钙的结晶过程...........................................................................................63.4湿法磷酸生产方法的选择论证...............................................................................63.4生产工艺的确定...................................................................................................63.4磨矿...........................................................................................................................63.4反应料浆的冷却(方法).......................................................................................63.4消泡方法的确定...................................................................................................63.5工艺流程图示意图的绘制.......................................................................................63.6设备的选择论证.......................................................................................................63.6.1球磨机...............................................................................................................63.6.2反应槽...............................................................................................................63.6.3过滤机...............................................................................................................63.7设备的选择论证.......................................................................................................63.7.1酸解过程工艺条件的选择...............................................................................63.7.2过滤过程工艺条件的确定..............................................................................6第四章非工艺部分设计................................................................................