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英语句子成分１.Thiskindofskirtisvery_________(fashion).2.Hissuggestionsare_________(reason).3.Itis________(obviously)thathewonthematch.4.That‘sreallya_________(science)method(方法)．5.therearetoomany________(art)scenesinthepark.6.Weshoulddosomethingtostopthe_________(globe)warming.fashionablereasonableobviousscientificartificialglobal1.Withthe___________(develop)ofthescience,weimproveourlivingconditionsgreatly.2.European________(settle)beganin1840whentheBritisharrived.3.Haveyoumadean___________(arrange)aboutyourtrip?4.Couldyougivemesome_________(suggest)onourplan?5.Acinemaisapublicplaceof________(entertain).developmentsettlementarrangementsuggestionsentertainment1.Aftersunset,theskydarkened________(rapid)2.________(fortunate),theyescapedfromthebigfire.3._________(general)speaking,peopleinSouthChinaliveonrice.4.Hisdaughteris_______(serious)ill,sohehastoaskforleave.5.Thecarwhichwasoutofcontrol_________(violent)hitthebigtree.6.Thetyphoonis________(extreme)strong.rapidlyFortunatelyGenerallyseriouslyviolentlyextremely句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语1.ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语↓地点↓时间句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语Elementsofasentence:S---subjectV---verbP---predicativeO---objectAttri.---attributeAdv.---adverbOc---objectcomplement主·谓·表宾补定·状·宾㈠主语（subject）是一个句子所叙述的主体，说明动作是“谁，什么”发出的，一般位于句首。•Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.•Shewentoutinahurry.•Fourplusfouriseight.•Toseeistobelieve.•Smokingisbadforhealth.•Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.•Whathehassaidistrue.（名词）（代词）（数词）（不定式）（动名词）（名词化的形容词）（句子）找出句中主语Thesunrisesintheeast.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Helikesdancing.Whatheneedsisabook.Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（名词）（代词）（数词）（动名词）（不定式）（句子）(名词化的形容词）（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）㈡谓语（verb）是对主语加以陈述，说明主语的动作、状态和特征，一般由V.充当,放在主语之后（英语句子的灵魂）•(1)由单一动词V.做谓语•WeareChinese.•Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?•(2)情态V+V原•HecanspeakEnglishwell.•(3)助V+V•Sheistalkingwithhersister.•Ihaveseenthismanbefore.Showyourpassport,please.Shedidn'tsayanything.Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?Isucceededinpassingtheexam.（名词）(代词）(数词)(名词化的形容词)(三)宾语（object）（不定式）（动名词）（句子）动作的对象或承受者，一般位于vt.和prep.之后•宾语分为直接宾语(directobject)•和间接宾语(indirectobject).•直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.•Hegavemesomebooks.↓间接宾语（承受者）↓直接宾语（对象）●Pleasepassmethebook.●Heboughthisgirlfriendsomeflowers.•Ifoundthebookinteresting.•Imakemystudentsintertestedinmyclass.•Sheaskedmetolendherahand.•Wemadehimmonitorinourclass.•Wefoundhimintroublenow.•WefounditnecessarytostudyEnglish.（六）宾语补足语有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make,ask,see,find,call,get,have,let,tell,help,keep（It形式宾语，todo是真正宾语）（四）表语(predicative)在系动词后的部分就是表语,用以说明主语的身份，特征和状态。1.Thespeechisexciting.2.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.3.Timeisprecious.4.I’mtiredtoday.5.Thatremainsapuzzle.6.Idon’tfeelatease.7.That’swhyhecamehere.（四）表语(predicative)在系动词后的部分就是表语,用以说明主语的身份，特征和状态。1.Thespeechisexciting.2.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.3.Timeisprecious.4.I’mtiredtoday.5.Thatremainsapuzzle.6.Idon’tfeelatease.7.That’swhyhecamehere.(形容词)(现在分词)（不定式）(过去分词)(名词)(介短)(从句)（五）定语（adjective）修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句单个的定语一般放在所修饰词前–前置定语短语，句子一般放在所修饰词前–后置定语•Heisacleverboy.•Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.•Thereare54studentsinourclass.•DoyouknowBetty’ssister?•Heboughtsomesleepingpills.•Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.•Hisspokenlanguageisgood.(形容词)(名词)(数词)(名词的所有格)(动名词)(现在分词)(过去分词)定语后置：如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置Thegirlinredishissister.Wehavealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?用以修饰adj./v./adv.及全句,位置灵活。修饰adj./adv.时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。说明动作于“何时,何地,如何”发生,或者说明“adj./adv.”的程度。状语分为：地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、让步、条件、程度、方式和伴随等状语。（六）状语（adverbial）•Thisbookisveryinteresting.•Irunfast/quickly.•Theyareplayingontheplaygroundateight.•IJohnoftencametochatwithme．•Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.(副词)(介短)（不定式）（V-ing短语）(副词)•Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.•Suddenly,Iheardthebirdsingasong.•Youprobablyknowmorethanyouthink.（从句）（副词）（副词）•(七)挑出下列句中的状语•①Therewasabigsmileonherface.•②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.•③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.•④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.•⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.同位语对n.或pron.进行补充说明或进一步解释说明Weyoungpeopleshouldrespecttheold.Hehimselfwilldotheexperiment.Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthegame.名词代词从句系动词1）状态系动词（be动词）例如：Heisateacher.2）持续系动词keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand例如：Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。3）表像系动词seem,appear,look,例如：Helookstired.他看起来很累。4）感官系动词feel,smell,sound,taste,look例如：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.注意：系动词(除be外)不用于被动语态.5）变化系动词become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.例如：Hebecamemadafterthat.6）终止系动词prove,turnout,表达