中考英语专项复习——冠词【冠词命题】考查重点为:1.不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的使用情况;2.不定冠词a和an的使用情况。解题关键:熟记各种冠词的适用范围!【考点诠释】一、不定冠词a和an1.不定冠词一般只用于“单数可数名词”之前1)“a”用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;2)“an”用于以元音音素开头的单词前。[a]、[e]、[i]、[o]、[u]常见的以元音字母开头的单词用a,an的情况:Aaanancientstory/anapple/anartist/anaunt/anAsiancountry/anAmericangirlEeanexcitingjob/aEuropeancountry/anegg/an8-year-oldboy/an11-year-oldboy/anE-mailaddressIianidea/aninterestingstoryOoanorange/anoldman/anoutgoinggirl/anOlympicstarUua“u”/ausefulbook/auniversitystudent/aUFO/ausualfarmer/anumbrella/anuglyman/anuncle/anunusualstory/anunhappyday特别记不规则:anhonestboy/anhour以元音音素开头的字母:an“a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x”【考例】Thereis“s”intheword“summer”.A.aB.anC.theD./【点拨】第一步分析语境:单词“summer”中有“s”。可知,这里要表达单词“summer”中有一个“s”,故排除表特指的定冠词the和零冠词;第二步:空格后的“s”是以元音音素开头的字母,故选不定冠词an,选B。3)不定冠词的基本用法(1)用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前。eg:Isawaboyoverthere.Hewassleeping.我在那边看到一个男孩。他正在睡觉。(2)用来指一类人或事物中的任何一个,相当于any。eg:IwanttobuyanEnglishbook.我想买本英语书。(3)表示数量,相当于one或each。eg:Ihaveamouthandanose.我有一个嘴巴和一个鼻子。(4)指某人或某物,但不具体指明哪个人或物。eg:Amaniswaitingforyouatthegate.有个人在门口等你。(5)表示类别,泛指一类人或物。eg:Ahorseismuchbiggerthanarabbit.马比兔子大得多。(6)表示“每一”的意思,相当于every。eg:onceaweek一周一次200kilometersanhour每小时200公里(7)用在such,quite,rather,half,what等词之后。eg:suchabusyday如此忙碌的一天halfanhour半小时4)不定冠词的固定搭配afew一些;少数abit/little一点儿alotof许多;大量apieceof一片;一块;一张;一条haveacold患感冒haveameal吃顿饭havearest休息下haveawalk散步haveatry试一试afterawhile一段时间以后takeaseat坐下keepadiary写日记rideabike骑自行车haveagoodtime玩的开心inaword总而言之dosb.afavor/givesb.ahand帮助某人二、定冠词the1.定冠词的基本用法(1)上文已经提到的人或事物前,表特指。eg:Isawafilmlastnight.Thefilmwasveryinteresting.昨晚我看了一部电影。那部电影非常有趣。(2)谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物前。eg:Thebagonthedeskisn’tmine.桌子上的那个包不是我的。(3)世界上独一无二的事物前。eg:Thesunisfarawayfromtheearth.太阳离地球很远。(4)序数词、形容词的最高级前。eg:Thismooncakeisthenicestofall.这块月饼是所有月饼中最好吃的。(5)单数可数名词前,表示一类人或物。eg:Thedogisthefriendofhuman.狗狗是人类的好朋友。(6)姓氏复数前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。eg:TheGreensarewatchingTVinthelivingroom.格林夫妇正在客厅看电视。(7)形容词前,表示一类人或事物。eg:Thenewistotaketheplaceoftheold.新事物将会替代旧事物。(8)西洋乐器名称前。eg:Canyouplaytheguitar?你会弹吉他吗?(9)用于江河海洋等专有名词前。eg:HelivesbytheChangjiangRiver.他住在长江边上。(10)用于“the+比较级,the+比较级”的句式中。eg:Thelongeryoustay,thebetteritwillbe.你待的时间越长就越好。2.定冠词的固定搭配inthesky在天空中intheend最终intheopenair在户外intheworld在世界上inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上inthemiddleof在...的中间atthesametime同时atthebeginningof在...的开始attheendof在...的末尾allthetime一直all(the)yeararound一年到头三、零冠词(不加冠词)1.零冠词的基本用法(1)在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏名词前。如:havesupper吃晚饭playbasketball打篮球learnEnglish学英语playchess下国际象棋(2)在与by连用的交通工具名称前。如:bytrain坐火车bybus坐公交车(3)人名、地名、街道名、城市名、洲、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园、节日等专有名词前。如:BeijingStreet北京大街BaiyunAirport白云机场Teachers’day教师节(4)季节、月份、星期前。如:summer夏天January一月Sunday星期天(5)名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、或名词所有格修饰时。如:thisbook这本书myson我的儿子Jack’sbike杰克的自行车2.零冠词的常见搭配athome在家atfirst/last首先/最后atpresent目前atnight在夜里incase万一infact事实上intime及时indanger在危险中onearth究竟onfoot步行dayandnight日日夜夜handinhand手拉手真题再现()1、(2016•绵阳)Jasonlikes______shapeofthecake.Itis______heart.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a()2、(2016•黑龙江)-Whois______girlbehindthetree?-Whichone?Theonewith______umbrella?A.a;theB.the;anC.the;a()3、(2016•雅安)BeijingiscapitalofChina.A.aB.anC.theD./()4、(2016•淮安)Jackoftenplays_____pianoandhewantstobeapianistwhenhegrowsup.A.aB.anC./D.the()5、(2016•齐齐哈尔)-What'smatterwithyou?-Ihavefever.A.an,theB.the,/C.the,a()6、(2016•黄石)-Whatdidyoudolastnight,Bob?-FirstIdidmyhomework,andthenIplayed______pianoforhalf______hour.A.the;aB./;anC.the;anD.a;the()7、(2016•连云港)-DongGuijunis_____firstmanofLianyungangtoreachthetopofMountQomolangma.-Heis_____prideofus.A.the;/B.a;theC.the;theD.a;/()8、(2016•荆门)---Doyouknow____girlwithlongcurlyhair?---Yes.SheisMary.Sheplays____pianoverywell.A.a;/B.the;/C.the;theD.a;the()9、(2016•滨州)InChinese,date5-20hasasimilarpronunciationtoIloveyou,makingit______luckyandromanticday.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.a;/()10、(2016•海南)-Excuseme.Whereis________schoollibrary?-Thisway,please.A.B.theC.a()11、(2016•河南)---Kate,areyou________onlychildinyourfamily?---Yes,butnewbabyisontheway.A.a;theB.an;theC.the;aD.the;the()12、(2016•宿迁)---HaveyoureadabookcalledTheMerchantofVenice?---Yes._______bookisveryinteresting.A.AnB.AC.TheD./()13、(2016•威海)---Wouldyoupleaseturnoff___TV?--OK,justamoment.A.aB.anC.the()14、(2016•泰州)WhenleadersofChinesemainland(大陆)andTaiwanmetinSingaporefor_____firsttimesince1949,PresidentXisaid,Todaywillberememberedin______history.A.the;theB.the;/C./;/D./;the()15、(2016•株洲)ShewenttoaEuropeanuniversitytostudyart._______universityisreallyamazing.A.AnB.TheC.A()16、(2016•桂林)Davidplaysfootballbuthedoesn'tplaypianoA.\,theB.the,\C.a,the()17、(2016•郴州)-WhenisFather'sDayintheUnitedStates?-It'son___________thirdSundayinJune.A.aB.theC./()18、(2016•安顺)---Doyouknow________womaninred?---Yes,sheisaprofessorof______AnshunCollege.A.the;/B.a;/C.the;anD.the;the()19、(2016•黔南州)---Mary,who's_____womanoverthere?-She'smyaunt,____Englishteacher.A.the;theB.a;theC.a;anD.the;an()20、(2016•黔东南州)Jimhas____usefulbook.____bookisveryinteresting.A.the;AB.an;AC.a;TheD.an;The()21、(2016•河北)Ihave_______petcat.Itissocute.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()22、(2016•天津)TianjinisbeautifulcityinnorthofChina.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;不填D.不填;the()23、(2