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E英语教程讲义ABriefIntroductionoftheCourseUnittwoTeachingaimsandrequirements：Teachingaims:1.Tohearshortconversationsandtrytofigureoutwheretheconversationstakeplace；2.Toexpresshowtoaskingforinformation&askingformoreinformation；3.Toimprovereadingskills.Teachingrequirements:1.Studentsarehopedtograspthemainideaandthestructureofthetext;2.Studentsaresupposedtoconductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingrelatedtothethemeoftheunit;3.Studentsarehopedtolearngrammar,writingandculturerelatedtothisunit.Keypointsanddifficultpoints:1.Masterthekeywordsandphrasesandsentencepatternsinthetext;2.Masterthedifficultgrammarandpracticegrammarusinginwriting.Plannedlearningtime：6credithoursTeachingAllotment1.Listeningandspeaking(1)Listening(50mins)A.Skills:listeningtotheconversationsandtrytofigureoutwheretheconversationstakeplace；B.Functions:howtoaskingforinformation&askingformoreinformationC.ConversationoneD.ConversationtwoE.Practice:conversationoneandtwoandexercises(2)Speaking(50mins)A.Concludethephrasesaboutaskingforinformation&askingformoreinformationB.Role-playC.Activities:role-playseveralsituationsaccordingtoguidedconversationD.DiscussionafterlisteningE.PassagelisteningF.Discussion2.PassageAstudy(4sections):(130mins)A.Pre-readingB.Comprehension,C.VocabularyandstructureD.Translation3.PassageAexercise:(30mins)4.Grammarandwritingandcultureexpress(3sections):(40mins)Teachingcontent:DetailedstudyoftextADogtalk:EverydoghasitsdayLead-in(20mins)Videowatching&extendedreadingPre-readingquestions1.Discusswithyourpartnerwhatcharacteristicstheanimalsinthepicturesbelowgenerallyrepresent..2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1)Heisasblindasabatwithouthisglasses.2)Thesoldierislion-hearted.3)Sheisalwaysasproudasapeacock.4)Tobesuccessful,apersonhastoworklikeadog.OrganizationofthetextPartI(para.1)Introduction:Americanshavemanyexpressionsusingtheword“dog.”PartII(para.2-7)Theauthor’sexemplification:Some“dog”expressionsandtheirprofoundculturalconnotations.PartIII(para.8)Conclusion:Dogexpressionsaboundinallculturesreflectingallaspectsofourhumanity…Textreading1.Theytaketheirdogsforwalks,letthemplayoutside,andgivethemgoodfoodandmedicalcare.(Line4,Para.1)他们带狗去散步，让它们在户外玩耍，给它们上乘的食物和医疗。三个动词take，let，give在句中作谓语，构成平行结构。takesb./adogforwalks:带某人去散步/去遛狗他会带海伦娜去公园散步。He’dtakeHelenaforwalksinpark.2.Thismeansthatwhenmanypeoplearecompetingforthesamethings,likegoodjobs,theyarequicktoforgettheirbasichumanity.(Line7,Para.2)这句话的意思是，许多人在为同样的东西——比如好的工作——竞争时，他们很快就忘了自己的本性。competeforsth.:为某物而竞争在圣诞季节，商店不得不为争夺顾客而竞争。ThestoreshavetocompeteforcustomersintheChristmasseason.Andifwefallillorbecomemiserable,wemightbecome“sickasadog.”.(Line10,Para.2)如果生病了或状况很糟糕，我们可能会“sickasadog（得很严重）”。fallill和becomemiserable一样，是“系动词+表语”构成系表结构，在从句中作谓语。常见的系动词有be，become，fall，feel，seem，sound，turn等。e.g.feelgood,seembeautiful,soundgreat,turnred如果我在旅游时生病了怎么办？WhatifIfallillwhileI'mawayonholiday?3.Theybelievethatolderpeopledonotliketolearnnewthingsandwillnotchangethewaytheydothings.(Line7,Para.3)他们认为年长的人不喜欢学习新东西，不愿改变他们做事的方式。thewaytheydothings表示他们做事情的方式，theydothings是定语从句，修饰限定theway。我不喜欢他打量我的样子。Ididnotlikethewayheeyedme.4.Meandogsareoftenusedtoguardthisproperty.(Line5,Para.4)吝啬的狗总是守着它们的地盘。beusedtodosth.被用来做某事这把刀是用来切苹果的。Thisknifeisusedtocutapples.5.Forexample,awomanmightgetangryatherhusbandforcominghomelateorforgettingtheirweddinganniversary.(Line2,Para.6)比如，妻子可能会由于丈夫回家晚了或者忘记了结婚周年纪念日而生气。getangryat/withsb.:生某人的气我们有时会生家人的气。Wesometimesgetangryatfamilymembers.6.However,thehusbandmaydecidethatitisbesttoleavethingsaloneandnotcreatemoreproblems.(Line7,Para.6)然而，丈夫可能会决定按兵不动，免得制造更多麻烦。create:v.tocausesth.tohappenasaresultofsth.引起；引发离婚会引发孩童的很多问题。Divorcemaycreateproblemsforchildren.7.Dogexpressionsaboundinallculturesreflectingallaspectsofourhumanity,forgoodorill,suggestingourcloserelationshipwithacreaturealsocalled“man’sbestfriend.”.(Line1,Para.8)在所有文化中都有许多与狗有关的表达，这些表达反映了人性或好或坏的方方面面，也表明了我们和被称为“人类最好的朋友”的动物之间的亲密关系。8.reflectingallaspectsofourhumanity,forgoodorill和suggestingourcloserelationshipwithacreaturealsocalled“man’sbestfriend”都是现在分词短语作伴随状语。9.Dogexpressionsaboundinallculturesreflectingallaspectsofourhumanity,forgoodorill,suggestingourcloserelationshipwithacreaturealsocalled“man’sbestfriend.”(Line1,Para.8)forgoodorill:不论好歹suggest:v.tomakesb.thinkthataparticularthingistrue;toindicate表明；显示越来越多的人出国旅游表明了他们的日子比以前过得好了。Moreandmorepeoplearetravelingabroad,whichsuggeststhattheyliveabetterlifethanbefore.Languagepoints.1.carefor(Line7,Para.1)1)todothingsforsb.whoisold,sick,weak,etc.andnotabletodothingsforhimself/herself照顾：看护：母亲日夜看护她生病的孩子Themothercaredforhersickchilddayandnight.2)befondof;beattachedto喜爱，对……中意：我不喜欢那种颜色。Idon'tcareforthatcolor.2.leada(n)…life(Line8,Para.1)tohaveaparticularkindoflife过着······的生活这对老夫妇退休后在乡下过着简朴的生活。衍生短语：leadaneasylife;leadapoorlife;leadasnuglife;leadadog’slife3.existence(Line10,Para.1)1）thetypeoflifethatsb.has,especiallywhenitisdifficult生活；生活方式（尤指不幸的生活）他在伦敦一个贫民区过着艰难的生活。HelivedahardexistenceinapoorareaofLondon.2)thestateofhappeningorbeingpresentinaparticularsituationorplace实有；存在这家公司成立于二十年前。Thecompanycameintoexis