口译简介

英语口译教程AnOverviewTeachingObjectiveBygettingstudentsfamiliarwiththetheoriesandbackgroundknowledgeandthebasicskillsofinterpreting,thiscourseaimstofacilitatethestudentswithinterpretingprocedureandbasicskillsandstrategies，suchas：memorytraining、note-taking、oralpresentationandpublicspeakingskillsetc.,toarisestudents’awarenessofcurrentaffairsandbackgroundknowledge,tocultivatetheirabilityofdiscourseanalysis,logicalthinking,cross-culturalcommunicationandinterpretationbothfromEnglishtoChineseandviseversa.口译定义：definition“口译是一种通过口头表达形式，将所听到（间或读到）的信息准确而又快速地由一种语言转换成另一种语言，进而达到传递与交流信息之目的的交际行为，是人类在跨文化、跨民族交往活动中所依赖的一种基本的语言交际工具。”（教材P5）口译是指“对口头表达的信息及文本进行的口头翻译”(Shuttleworth&Cowie,1997:82)Interpretation:AnOverviewItisdefinedasoraltranslationofawrittentext(Shuttleworth&Cowie:1997:83).Interpretingisaserviceactivitywithacommunicationfunction.(Gile)Itisusuallyaface-to-facecommunicativeact.DifferencesbetweeninterpretationandtranslationthedifferenceinthemediumthedifferenceinthetimelimitThekeyskillofaverygoodtranslatoristheabilitytowritewell，professionaltranslatorsalmostalwaysworkinonlyonedirection,translatingonlyintotheirnativelanguage,usingagoodlibraryofdictionariesandreferencematerials,Aninterpreter,ontheotherhand,hastobeabletotranslateinbothdirections,withouttheuseofanydictionariesonthespot.TypesofinterpretingByforms:交替口译(alternatinginterpretation)接续口译(consecutiveinterpretation)同声传译(simultaneousinterpretation)耳语口译(whisperinginterpretation)视阅口译(sightinterpretation)Byways:单向口译(one-wayinterpretation)双向口译(two-wayinterpretation)Bycontents:导游口译(guideinterpretation)礼仪口译(ceremonyinterpretation)宣传口译(informationinterpretation)会议口译(conferenceinterpretation)谈判口译(negotiationinterpretation)口译使用的语体口语语体Q:DearMichael,whotaughtyouhowtoplaygolfanddoyoustilluseacoach?A:Alotofpeoplehelpedteachme—mostlymybuddiesattheUNCwhileIwasinschool.IoccasionallyuseaPROtoadvisemeonimproving--butnooneregular.I'vecometorealizethatI'mjustahack--sonowIamenjoyingjustplayingwithoutalotofcoaching.问:亲爱的迈克尔,谁教你打高尔夫球,你现在还有教练吗?答：有许多人教过我—多数是我在北卡罗来纳大学时的老同学.偶尔会请个职业教练帮帮我,但不经常.我已经渐渐认识到我不过是随便玩玩而已.所以现在更不想要教练,就自己玩.较正式语体Q:WomenintheUnitedStatesgenerallylivelongerthanmen.Butinrecentyearsthatgaphasbeennarrowingabit.Howhasthataffectedthelifeinsurancebusiness?A:Itisnotnarrowingthatmuch,thankgoodnessWearestilloutlivingmen,wearestill.Wehavequiteagaponthem,stillabout7-8years.Theonlyreasonit’snarrowingiswomenaredoingthingstothemselvesthattheyshouldn’tbedoing,likesmoking,andallthosebadhabitsthatmenhavehadformanyyears.Butitisnotnarrowingforotherreasons.问:在美国,一般来说妇女比男人更长寿,但是近年来差距在缩小.这对人寿保险业有什么影响?答:感谢上帝,差距并没有缩小多少.我们还是比男人寿命长.我们和他们的寿命有很大差距,大约仍有七、八年的差距。差距缩小的唯一原因是妇女们做那些不该做的事情，如吸烟以及男人们很久以来就有的一些坏习惯。除此以外没有别的原因。正式语体Iwishtothankyou，Mr.Premier,foracceptingmyinvitationtoshareyoureveningwithmycolleaguesandme,andforhonoringCanadawithyourpresence.ThesehavebeenverypleasantdaysinPeking,andI’mhappythatthisphaseofmyvisitshouldconcludeinsuchacongenialatmosphere.总理先生，感谢您今晚应邀来同我和我的同事们欢聚一堂。您的光临使加拿大感到荣幸。在北京的这些日子是令人愉快的，而且使我感到高兴的是，我访问途径的这一站能够在如此意气相投的气氛中结束。口语与口译1．译入语TL口语是口译的基础。2．口译的规范化，摒弃口语中的亲昵语、方言、俗语、过激语言，口译要“宁缺毋滥”，求实为信、流利为达、动听为雅。3.中国目前的口译教学常常被认为是：口头表述的笔译教学口译证书市场教育部MOENAETI人事部MOPCATTI“长三角”（含本省）上海DOLLAR-VALUEListening;ListeningandTranslation;Reading北外BFSU广外GFSU上外（SHISU）高级翻译学院GITI浙大翻译学院ITS口译人员行为准则CodeofConductforPublicServiceInterpretersinBritain1.INTRODUCTIONPublicServiceInterpretersareexpectedtoabidebytheCodeofConducttowhichtheyaresignatories.ThestandardsintheCodesetaframeworkforinterpretinginthepublicservices,upheldifnecessarybyprofessionalandimpartialdisciplinaryprocedures.TheobjectiveofthecodeofConductistomakesurethatcommunicationacrosslanguageandcultureiscarriedoutconsistently,competentlyandimpartially,andthatallthoseinvolvedintheprocessareclearaboutwhatmaybeexpectedfromit.ThisCodeofConductisregisteredwiththeOfficeofFairTrading(RegistrationNo.RMS/2151)2.COMPETENCEInterpretersadmittedtotheregisterareexpectedto:2.1haveawrittenandspokencommandofbothlanguages,includinganyspecialistterminology,currentidiomsanddialects;2.2understandtherelevantproceduresoftheparticulardisciplineinwhichtheyareworking;2.3maintainanddeveloptheirwrittenandspokencommandofEnglishandtheotherlanguage;2.4befamiliarwiththeculturalbackgroundsofbothparties.3.PROCEDUREInterpreterswill3.1interprettrulyandfaithfullywhatissaid,withoutanythingbeingadded,omittedorchanged;inexceptionalcircumstancesasummarymaybegivenifrequested,andconsentedtobybothparties;3.2discloseanydifficultiesencounteredwithdialectsortechnicalterms,andifthesecannotbesatisfactorilyremedied,withdrawfromtheassignment;3.3notenterintothediscussion,giveadviceorexpressopinionsorreactionstoanyoftheparties;3.4interveneonly3.4.1toaskforclarification3.4.2topointoutthatapartymaynothaveunderstoodsomething3.4.3toalertthepartiestoapossiblemissedculturalinference3.4.4toaskforaccommodationfortheinterpretingprocess3.5notdelegatework,noracceptdelegatedwork,withouttheconsentoftheclient;3.6bereliableandpunctualatalltimes;3.7muststate(inacriminaltrial)iftheyhavebeeninvolvedi