车轴齿轮箱

--13.2.3.6车轴齿轮箱车轴齿轮箱位于轨道车轮对两轮之间的车轴上，是轨道车传动系统的最后一个总成。车轴齿轮箱的功用是将动力传递方向改变90度，并将输入扭矩放大，并将输入扭矩放大，转速降低，驱动轮对，使轨道车行驶。车轴齿轮箱有单级齿轮式和双级齿轮是两种。该车轴齿轮箱采用双级齿轮（见图3-14）。主要结构有上箱体、下箱体、一对螺线散齿轮、一对圆柱斜齿轮、剖分试密封圈和法兰盘等。二级减速，速比6.55。车轴齿轮箱两端车轴处，采用两个圆锥滚子滚动轴承，背靠背安放，共同承担来自外界的径向力，轴向力。车轴两端采用剖分试密封圈密封，前端采用骨架油封密封，轴承及螺旋散齿采用飞溅润滑方式，上侧面有加油透气孔下面有油标，便于检查油面高度，底部安放了放油堵，以便清洗和换油。--2摘要随着铁路事业的发展，尤其近年来电气化铁路的快速发展，轨道车辆作为专用运输和铁路养护设备逐渐成为铁路工务，工程施工，机务牵引供电及其他建设养护部门不可替代的设备。同时也被厂矿企业和一些铁路车站用在小型调车作业。发动机输出的转矩和转速变化范围很小，而汽车在行驶时所遇到的复杂的道路条件和使用条件要求汽车的驱动力和车速能在相当大的范围内变化。齿轮箱是传动系的重要组成部分，应用在车辆上主要是起到减速增扭作用。本设计采用传统机械设计与计算机辅助设计相结合的办法对轨道施工车驱动齿轮箱系统设计与分析。通过广泛查阅文献资料，参考图纸，利用汽车理论、汽车构造和汽车设计的相关知识设计齿轮箱系统的结构形式，对齿轮箱的齿轮进行了参数选择、几何尺寸计算、强度校核；选择了轴的材料，并计算了轴的直径；对所用轴承进行了载荷和寿命计算；运用SolidEdge软件绘制了部分零件的零件图和装配图，并建立三维实体模型。关键词：齿轮箱，轨道施工车，强度校核，计算机辅助设计--3DesignandAnalysisofTrackConstructionVehiclesGearboxAbstractWiththedevelopmentofrailway,especiallytheelectrizationrailway,therailcarasakindoftransportationandrailwayserviceequipmentisgraduallybecomingavitaloneforrailwaybusiness,construction,railwaytractionandotherconstructionandservicedepartment.Itisalsousedonthethetaskofminiaturemaneuveringvehicleofminingfactoryandsomerailwaystations.Themodernautomobileengineisapowerful,butdonotproducemuchtorqueatlowenginespeeds.Thegearboxsystemisavitaldevicethatmakesbetteruseofenginepowerandtorque.Inthispaper,thetraditionalmechanicaldesignandcomputer-aideddesignapproachthatcombinestheconstructionofthetrackdrivegearboxcardesignandanalysissystem.Throughextensiveliterature,referencedrawings,theuseofautomotivetheoryanddesignofvehiclestructureandvehicledesign-relatedknowledgeofthegearboxsystemstructure,thegearonthegearboxtochoosetheparameters,geometricdimensions,theintensitycalibration;chosenaxismaterials,andcalculatethediameteroftheshaft;ofbearingsusedinthecalculationofloadsandlifeexpectancy;theuseofAutoCADsoftwarerenderingsomepartsofthepartsdrawingandassemblydrawing.KeyWords：Gearbox,TrackConstractionVehicles,StrengthAnalysis,Computer-aideddesign--1目录摘要..................................................................................................................................1Abstract.....................................................................................................................................3引言..................................................................................................................................11概述.......................................................................................................................................21.1课题来源....................................................................................................................21.2课题背景....................................................................................................................21.2.1选题背景.........................................................................................................21.2.2本课题的国内外研究进展.............................................................................31.3轨道车概述................................................................................................................31.3.1轨道车分类......................................................................................................41.3.2轨道车的基本结构.........................................................................................41.4齿轮箱概述................................................................................................................51.4.1齿轮箱的作用.............................................................................................61.4.2齿轮箱的特点............................................................................................61.5任务内容及研究意义和方法...........................................................................71.5.1任务内容..........................................................................................................71.5.2课题研究意义和方法.....................................................................................71.5.3预期成果..........................................................................................................72齿轮箱的初步设计计算.....................................................................................................82.1齿轮箱传动方案的选择...........................................................................................82.2设计要求及初步分配传动比..................................................................................83齿轮传动设计......................................................................................................................93.1圆锥齿轮传动设计...................................................................................................9--23.1.1选择齿轮材料，热处理方法，并确定许用应力......................................93.1.2分析失效，确定设计准则..........................................................................103.1.3按齿面接触疲劳承载能力计算齿轮的主要参数.....................................103.1.4精确计算计算载荷......................................................................................113.1.5验证轮齿接触疲劳承载能力...................................................