搜索
1高一英语必修一U1语法专题直接引语和间接引语(1)Name：_______________Tel：_______________Warmingup:一、概念1．直接引语：当我们引用别人的话语时，如果引用的是原话，被引用的部分就叫作直接引语。Theteacherasked,“DoyoulikeEnglish？”Thegirlsaid,“IlikeEnglishverymuch.”[注意]引语前常使用逗号，而不是冒号；引号内直接引语的第一个单词的首字母要大写。2．间接引语：当我们要引用别人的话语时，可以用自己的话把意思转述过来，被转述的部分就叫作间接引语。TheteacheraskedthegirlifshelikedEnglish.ThegirlsaidthatshelikedEnglishverymuch.[注意]间接引语不用逗号、引号；2间接引语要考虑人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语和指示代词等的变化。二、直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则1．人称的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人立场的变化作相应的改变。[巧学助记]直接引语变间接引语人称变化口诀：“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。”(1)“一随主”。指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称而变化。(2)“二随宾”。指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。(3)“第三人称不更新”。指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。32．时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，动词变化如下表：直接引语间接引语句子时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时(不变)一般将来时过去将来时例句①Hesaid,“ThefilmhadbegunwhenIgottothecinema.”→Hesaidthatthefilmhadbegunwhenhegottothecinema.②Iaskedtheteacher,“Whenshallwehaveoursportsmeeting？”→Iaskedtheteacherwhenweshouldhaveoursportsmeeting.[点津]在下面几种情况中，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不发生变化。①直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时，其时态不变。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth，”theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.②直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。4Tomsaid,“IwasbornonApril21,1980.”→TomsaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.3．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化引语用词直接引语间接引语指示代词this这个that那个these这些those那些时间状语now现在then那时today今天thatday那天thismorning今天上午thatmorning那天上午tonight今天晚上thatnight那天晚上tomorrow明天thenext/followingday第二天yesterday昨天thedaybefore前一天lastnight昨天晚上thenightbefore前一天晚上thedaybeforeyesterday前天twodaysbefore两天前threedaysago三天前threedaysbefore三天前nextweek下一周thenext/followingweek第二周ago(至今)以前before(那时)以前地点状语here这儿there那儿方向性bring带来take带走5动词come来go去4.连接词的选择(1)直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中，that可以省略。Hesaid,“Iwascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.”→Hesaid(that)hewascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.[点津]直接引语是陈述句时，若变为间接引语，主句谓语动词saidtosb.常改为toldsb.。Shesaidtome,“Icamebackanhourago.”→Shetoldme(that)shehadcomebackanhourbefore.(2)直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether(...or...或．..ornot)或if引导。Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish？”→Heasked(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.[点津]如果主句中谓语动词是said，则将其改为asked。(3)直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。“What’syourname？”heaskedme.→Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.[点津]疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变成陈述语序。6专题练习Part1基础过关一.请把间接引语补充完整1．Henrysaid,“Idon’twanttostayhere.”→Henrythathetostaythere.2．Myteacheraskedme,“DoyoulikeAmericancountrymusic？”→MyteacheraskedmeAmericancountrymusic.3．Sheaskedme,“What’sthematterwithyou？”→Sheaskedme.4．Myfathersaid,“Iworkedheretwentyyearsago.”→Myfathersaidthathehadworkedtwentyyears.5．Thegeographyteachersaidtous，“Theearthturnsaroundthesun.”→Thegeographyteachertoldusthat.二.请指出间接引语中的错误并改正1．Shesaid,“ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.”→ShesaidthatthiswasthehouseinwhichLuXunhadoncelived.2．“Iboughttheseflowersforyou，”Janesaid.→Janesaidthatshehadboughttheseflowersforme.3．Hesaid,“Ispoketothemyesterday.”7→Hesaidthathehadspokentothemthedayago.4．“Comehere,please，”hesaid.→Heaskedmetocomethere.5．Iaskedhim,“Willyoustayathometonight？”→Iaskedwhetherhewouldstayathomethisnight.Part2能力提升一.将下列句子变为间接引语1．Mr.Wangsaid，“IwillleaveforShanghaionbusinessnextmonth,children.”_________________________________________________________________2．“Ihaven'theardfrommyparentsthesedays，”saidMary._________________________________________________________________3．Shesaid，“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”_________________________________________________________________4．ZhangHongsaidtome，“DoctorWangpassedawayin1948.”_________________________________________________________________5．“What'swrongwithyou,Granny？”thedoctorasked._________________________________________________________________6．“HaveyougotanythinginterestingIcanread，George？”sheasked._________________________________________________________________7．“She'sheretoaskforhelp,isn'tshe？”heasked.8_________________________________________________________________8．“Whereareyougoing？”thefatheraskedhisson._________________________________________________________________9．TheteachersaidtoLiMing，“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework？”_________________________________________________________________10．Hesaid，“Iwasdrivingcarefullywhentheaccidenthappened.”_________________________________________________________________二．用括号内动词的适当形式填空1．MyfatheraskedmeifI________(finish)myhomeworkbeforeIplayedbasketballwithmyfriends.2．Petersaidhe________(listen)tomusicwhenhismotherknockedonthedoor.3．Myteachertoldusthatpractice________(make)perfect.4．Itwasreportedthatanewsquare________(build)inourcitythenextyear.5．Lindasaidthathercar________(break)downonherwayhometheotherday.6．Ourteachertoldusthathe________(give)anexaminationthenextFriday.7．HeaskedmeifI________(have)anydifficultywithmyEnglish.8．Timtoldhisclassmatesthathe________(be)totheForbiddenCitythreetimes.9课后练习参考答案及解析Part1基础过关一、根据直接引语完成下列句子(1)Theofficersaid,“Goaway.”Theofficerordered____ustogoaway_____________________________.(2)“Pleasedon’tdoitagai