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初中英语高频考点之动词短语及习题(附解析)一.同一动词＋不同介词／副词break短语breakin打断；闯入breakinto破门而入breakout爆发breakup打碎；结束；解散breakdown发生故障；抛锚，分解breakaway脱离，放弃come短语comeup升起；发生comeupwith想出（主意）comeacross(偶然)遇见(或发现)comealong进展；一起去comedown下降；下落comein进来comefrom来自comeback回来comeon赶快；加油comeout出版，发行；出现；开花；发芽comeover过来；顺便来访cometrue(希望、梦想等)实现，成为现实cut短语cutup切碎cutdown砍到，消减cutoff切断，切除cutout删除；删去；剪下cutin插嘴fall短语fallinto落入；陷入fallbehind落后falldown摔倒，倒塌falloff(从……上)掉下fallasleep入睡fallover绊倒；跌倒get短语getaway逃离getback返回getdown下降geton上车getoff下车getover克服getup起床；起来getalong/onwithsb.与某人相处go短语goaway走开;离开goback回去goup上升；增长goout出去；熄灭gooff（闹钟）发出响声goover仔细检查；复习gothrough通过give短语giveaway赠送；分发giveback还给；归还；恢复(健康等)givein投降，屈服giveout发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发giveup放弃jump短语jumpinto跳入jumpover跳过jumpoff跳离leave短语leavefor出发前往；动身去leavebehind留下；遗留leaveout遗漏；省去；不考虑leavealone不打扰；不理look短语lookafter照顾；照看lookat看lookaround环顾四周lookfor寻找；寻求lookinto调查lookout当心lookover(仔细)检查lookthrough浏览lookup(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找lookupto钦佩；仰慕；尊敬lookdownupon瞧不起lookforwardto盼望；期待put短语putaway把……收起来；储存……备用putdown写下；放下putoff推迟；拖延puton穿上；上演；增加putout扑灭；熄灭(火)；伸出putup张贴；搭建putback放回原处；把（钟）拨慢take短语takeaway拿走；带走takedown取下；记下；拆卸takein吸入；吞入(体内)takeout取出takeoff脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞takeup占据(时间、空间)；开始从事；拿起takecare当心；小心takeafter(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像takecareof照看；照顾turn短语turndown调低；拒绝turnup调高；出现turnon打开；接通turnoff关闭；切断turnout结果是turnin上交send短语sendout发出，发送，派遣sendup发射sendfor派人去请sendin寄去，递交二.不同动词＋同一介词／副词about短语careabout关心；在意hearabout（=hearof）听说talkabout谈论；讨论；thinkabout考虑；认为throwabout乱丢；抛撒worryabout担心at短语pointat指向lookat看（某人）throwat投向；掷向laughat(sb.)嘲笑（某人）knockat敲shoutat（sb.)对（某人）大喊aimat瞄准；旨在away短语getaway逃离giveaway赠送；分发putaway把……收起来；储存……备用runaway逃跑；跑掉takeaway拿走throwaway扔掉moveaway搬走，移开back短语bringback恢复；使想起；归还comeback回来getback回来；恢复giveback归还；送回goback回去talkback回嘴；顶嘴payback偿还(借款等)down短语breakdown停止运转；出故障calmdown保持冷静cutdown砍倒；削减falldown落下；摔倒getdown下来；落下putdown写下；记下；放下shutdown关上；停业shootdown射下，击落takedown拆除；记录turndown调低；关小；拒绝writedown写下；记下in短语believein信任；信赖bringin引进；生产checkin报到；登记comein进来handin交上；提交；呈送takein吸入；吞入(体内)；理解；欺骗joinin参加，加入of短语hearof听说thinkof想起；认为；考虑getoutof离开；从……出来takecareof照顾；照看off短语breakoff突然中止；中断cutoff切除；切断dropoff减少；下降falloff从……掉下getoff脱下；下车gooff(闹钟)发出响声；发出（光、热等）keepoff勿踏；勿踩knockoff停止做某事payoff偿清(欠款等)putoff推迟；拖延runoff跑掉；迅速离开seeoff（为某人）送行setoff动身（去某地）；起程sendoff派遣shutoff关闭；停止运转takeoff脱下（衣服），（飞机等）起飞telloff责备；分派turnoff关闭on短语puton穿上turnon打开fighton坚持passon传递keepon继续（进行）tryon试穿；试试看workon从事；忙于dependon依赖comeon赶快；加油；来吧holdon等一等（别挂电话）out短语blowout吹灭breakout(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发bringout使显现；使表现出checkout查看；观察cleanout清除；把……打扫干净clearout清理；丢掉comeout出版；发表cutout删除；删去findout查明；弄清getout出去，离开giveout发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发goout出去；熄灭handout分发；发放hangout闲逛keepout不让......进入leaveout不包括；不提及；忽略lookout留神；当心putout扑灭；熄灭(火)pointout指出runout用尽；耗尽sellout卖完；售光setout出发；启程standout站出来；突出；坚持到底takeout取出workout算出；解决help(sb.)out帮助(某人)解决困难over短语comeover过来；顺便来访fallover绊倒；跌倒getover克服；恢复；原谅goover仔细检查；复习lookover(仔细)检查thinkover仔细考虑up短语bringup教育；培养；提出cheerup使振奋；使高兴起来(cheersb.up)cleanup(把……)打扫干净；(把……)收拾整齐cutup切碎dressup穿上盛装；装扮eatup吃光；吃完fixup修理；修补getup起床giveup放弃growup成长；长大hangup挂断电话hurryup赶快lookup(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找makeup编造；形成；组成pickup捡起；接电话putup张贴；搭建ringup打电话sendup发射，把……送上去setup建立；创立；开办showup出席；露面stayup不睡觉；熬夜takeup(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做thinkup想出turnup开大(声音)；出现useup用完；用光；耗尽wakeup醒来with短语agreewith赞同；持相同意见beginwith以……开始connectwith与……相连dealwith处理；应付catchupwith赶上comeupwith提出；想出(主意、回答等)getalong/onwithsb.与某人相处goonwith继续keepintouchwithsb.与某人保持联系keepupwith与......并驾齐驱；跟上习题及解析1．Wewillnever_______ourdreamuntilitcomestrueoneday.A.giveupB.giveinC.giveoutD.giveawayA【解析】句意：我们永远不会_____我们的梦想直到它实现的那一天。giveup放弃；givein屈服；giveout分发；giveaway捐赠，根据句意放弃梦想，故选A。2．—Hurryup!I’mafraidwewillmisstheplane.—Don’tworry!Theplanewillnot_____until12o’clock.A.takeafterB.takeawayC.takeoffD.takeoutC【解析】句意：“快点！我担心我们将错过飞机”“不要担心！飞机12点前不会_____。”takeafter（外貌或行为）像；takeaway拿走；takeoff起飞；takeout取出。根据句意飞机应该是起飞，故选C。3．—Whydoesyourroomlooksosmall?—Becausethebed______toomuchspace.A.takesupB.takesdownC.takesoffD.takesawayA【解析】句意“为什么你的房间看起来这么小？”“因为床_____太多的空间。”takesup占据；takesdown记下；takesoff脱掉，（飞机等）起飞；takesaway带走，取走。根据语境可知，此处表示“床占据了太多空间，所以房间看上去很小”。故选A。4．Inordertosavetheenergy,weshould________lightsintimeifwedon’tneedthem.A.turnupB.turndownC.turnoffD.turnonC【解析】句意：为了节约能源，在我们不需要用灯时，应当及时把他们_____。turnup调大，通常指声音等；turndown调小；turnoff关闭；turnon打开。根据句意可知，此处是指关掉灯。故选C。5．I’mverysurprisedto________anoldfriendinParis.Wehaven’tseeneachotherforyears.A.comeoutB.comeacrossC.comeafterD.comeonB【解析】句意：我很惊讶在巴黎______一位老朋友。我们很多年都没见面了。comeout出版；comeacross偶然遇见；comeafter跟随；comeon加油。根据语境可知选B。6．It’sagoodhabitforusthatweshouldnever________today'sworktilltomorrow.A.putonB.putoffC.putupD.putdownB【解析】句意：我们应该决不把今天的事情_______到明天，这对我们来说是一个好习惯。puton穿上；putoff推迟；putup张贴；putdown记下，根据句意表示把今天的事情推迟到明天，故选B。7．Thedoctors________thelittlegirlcarefully.Theyadvisedhertotakesomemedicineontime.A.lookedintoB.lookedoverC.lookedforD.lookedatB【解析】句意：医生们仔细地_____小女孩。他们建议她按时吃药。lookedinto调查；lookedover(仔细)检查；lookedfor寻找；lookedat看。结合句意可知此处是指医生仔细地检查了那个小女孩。故选B。8．—Whatdoyouusuallydointheevening,Tom?—Iusually________thenewspaperstofindsomethinginteresting.