高中英语阅读理解及答案详解

高中英语阅读理解及答案详解4AAchildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinalmostthesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesasformaltexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimormakinghimsadthinking.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftensorryforcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,somecasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarises(出现)fromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,twoheadeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.donotexist;andthat,insteadofbeingfondofthestrangesideinfairytales,thechildshouldbetaughttolearntherealitybystudyinghistory.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustsaysopeculiar(奇怪的)thatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonastickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirbelovedgirlfriend.Nofairystoryeverdeclaredtobeadescriptionoftherealworldandnocleverchildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.1．Theauthorconsidersthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhenitis________.A．repeatedwithoutanychangeB．treatedasajokeC．madesomechangesbytheparentD．setinthepresent解析：细节理解题。根据Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.可推知此题答案为C。答案：C2．Accordingtothepassage,greatfearcantakeplaceinachildwhenthestoryis________.A．inarealisticsettingB．heardforthefirsttimeC．repeatedtoooftenD．toldinadifferentway解析：细节题。根据thisarises(出现)fromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.可推知此题答案为B。答案：B2．Theadvantageclaimed(提出)forrepeatingfairystoriestoyoungchildrenisthatit________.A．makesthemlessfearfulB．developstheirpowerofmemoryC．makesthembelievethereisnothingtobeafraidofD．encouragesthemnottohavestrangebeliefs解析：细节理解题。根据Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.可以得出此答案。答案：A3．Theauthor'smentionofsticksandtelephonesismeanttosuggestthat________.A．fairystoriesarestillbeingmadeupB．thereissomemisunderstandingaboutfairytalesC．peopletrytomodernizeoldfairystoriesD．thereismoreconcernforchildren'sfearsnowadays解析：推理判断题。有些人认为神话不现实，都是教孩子一些不存在的东西，会对孩子有不好的影响。作者用虚拟语气作了一个假设，如果这些观点站得住脚的话，可能会出现这样的情况：theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonastickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirbelovedgirl－friend.可见持这种观点的人实际上是对神话的一种误解。答案：B4．Oneofthereasonswhysomepeoplearenotinfavoroffairytalesisthat________.A．theyarefullofimaginationB．theyjustmakeupthestorieswhicharefarfromthetruthC．theyarenotinterestingD．theymaketeachersofhistorydifficulttoteach解析：推理判断题。根据．..notobjectivelytrue,donotexist可知有些人不赞成神话故事的原因是这些故事是编出来的，远离现实。故选B。答案：BBVeryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.Theirvalues—thiscan'tberepeatedtoooften—arenotnecessarilyourvalues.Physicalcomfort,cleannessandorderarenotnecessarilythemostimportantthings.Thesocialservicesfromtimetotimefindthemselvesfacedwithaflatwithdecayingfoodcoveredbysmallworms,andanoldpersonlyingaloneinbed,takingnonoticeoftheworms.Butisitinterfering(干涉)withpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof?Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.Indeed,theoldcanbeeasilyhurtorharmed.Thebodyislikeacar,itneedsmoremechanicalmaintenance(机械维修，保养)asitgetsolder.Youcancarrythiscomparisonrightthroughtotheprovisionofspareparts.Butneverforgetthatsuchoperationsarepainfulexperiences,howevergoodtheresultswillbe.Andatwhatpointshouldyoustoptotreattheoldbody?Isitmorallyrighttotrytopushoffdeathbyseekingthedevelopmentofdrugstoexcitetheforgetfuloldmindandtoactivatetheoldbody,knowingthatitisdesignedtodie?Youcan'taskdoctorsorscientiststodecide,becausesolongastheycanseethetechnicalopportunities,theywillfeelboundtogivethematry,ontheprinciplethatwhilethere'slife,there'shope.Whenyoutalktotheoldpeople,however,youareforcedtotheconclusionthatwhetherageishappyorunpleasantdependslessonmoneyoronhealththanitdoesonyourabilitytohavefun.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Thevaluesaredifferentbetweentheoldandtheyoung.B．Themoralproblemsraisedbyoldpeople.C．Thepersonalfreedomfortheold.D．Oldpeople'sviewpointonlife.解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第1句Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem及全文内容可知，答案选B。答案：B6．Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A．Veryoldpeoplewouldliketolivealonetohavemorepersonalfreedom.B．Veryoldpeopleareabletokeeptheirroomclean.C．Veryoldpeopleliketolivewiththeirchild