美国南北战争(英文版)

AmericanCivilWar美国南北战争PrewarWestwardMovementandterritorialexpansionFromSpainIndependence，1783FromMexico，1845-1848FromFrance，1803FromBritainAmericaterritorialexpansionPrewarPrewarPoliticalsituationbeforetheCivilWarPrewarTheabolitionofslaveryCause1：ThecontradictionbetweenthenorthandsouthoftwoeconomicsystemsNorth——capitalistindustrialeconomyPrewarSouth——plantationeconomyCause2：Prewarblastingfuse：theelectionofabrahamlincolnThelossofpoliticaldiscoursetothesouthAsplitofthehouseisuntenable.Ibelievethisgovernmentcannotforevermaintainthehalf-slaveandhalffreestatus.PrewarNumberofstates2311Population22，000，0009，000，000EconomyadvancedbackwardPropertyjustunjustPreperationinadequatewell-preparedInthewarIntheearlydaysofthewar,theSouth(Confederacy)enjoyedafavorablesituationbecauseItswellpreperationandbettermilitaryquality1861-1865Inthewar《宅地法》HomesteadActLincolntookthemeasurestoReversethesituationofwar《解放黑人奴隶宣言》EmancipationProclamationTheGettysburgAddress87年前，我们的先辈在这个大陆上创建了一个新国家。她孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生而平等的原则。……从这些光荣的死者身上我们汲取更多的献身精神来完成他们精诚所至的事业。我们在这里下定决心不让死者白白牺牲；我们要使国家在上帝的福佑下得到自由的新生,要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。Fourscoreandsevenyearsagoourfathersbroughtforthonthiscontinentanewnation,conceivedinliberty,anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal.……thatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhichtheygavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion;thatweherehighlyrevolvethatthesedeadshallnothavediedinvain;thatthisnation,underGod,shallhaveanewbirthoffreedom;andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,andforthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.ByAbrahamLincolnTheSouthsurrenderedin1865InthewarPostwarDateApril12,1861–April9,1865(lastshotendedJune,1865)BelligerentsUnitedStatesofAmerica（North）VSConfederateStatesofAmerica（South）CommandersAbrahamLincolnVSJeffersonDavisLocationUnitedStates,AtlanticOcean,PacificOceanLossesForNorth,110000killedintheaction,360000totaldead,275200woundedForSouth,93000killedintheaction,260000totaldead,137000woundedResultsUnionVictoryTerritorialintegrityPreservedSlaveryabolishedPostwarLincolnwasassassinatedinApril14,1865Butitdidn’tchangethedefeatofSouthInUSCivilWarperiod,presidentLincolninordertomaintenancecountryunificationmakesbigcontributionandsacrifice.HeisoneofthemostbelovedAmericanpresident.LincolnMemorialMountRushmore