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Unit4FilmsandfilmeventsGrammarandusage（强调句）助形副介感倒7(一个助手形象很富有，这“介”让人感到很奇怪)强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式1.用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调：Hedoesknowtheplacewell．他的确很熟悉这个地方。Dowritetomewhenyougetthere．你到那儿后务必给我来信。2.用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1.That’stheverytextbookweusedlastterm.这正是我们上学期用过的教材。2.YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChinese.你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。3.Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning.今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。4.Howdareyoubuysuchexpensivejewels?你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？3.用ever，never，very，just等副词进行强调：1.Whyeverdidyoudoso？你究竟为什么要这么做？2.Heneversaidawordthewholeday．一整天，他一句话也没说。3.You’vegottobevery,verycareful．你一定得非常、非常小心。4.ThisisjustwhatIwanted．这正是我所要的。4.用intheworld，onearth，atall等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：Whereintheworldcouldhebe？他到底会在哪儿？Whatonearthisit？它究竟是什么？Doyouknowatall？你到底知不知道？5.用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：Howinterestingastoryitis！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！Oh,whatalie！啊，真是弥天大谎！6.用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：Onthetableweresomeflowers.桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点)ManyatimehaveIclimbedthathill．我多次翻过那座山。Onlyinthisway,canwesolvethisproblem．只有这样,我们才能解决这个问题。7.Itis/was…that/who…用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。Iboughtthiscarinthatshoplastmonth.(原始句)1.ItwasIwho/thatboughtthiscarinthatshoplastmonth.(强调主语)2.ItwasthiscarthatIboughtinthatshoplastmonth.(强调宾语)3.ItwasinthatshopthatIboughtthiscarlastmonth.(强调地点状语)4.ItwaslastmonththatIboughtthiscarinthatshop.(强调时间状语)Itwaswethat/whoelectedhimmonitorattheclassmeetingyesterday.（强调主语）Itwashimthat/whomweelectedmonitorattheclassmeetingyesterday.（强调宾语）Itwasmonitorthatweelectedhimattheclassmeetingyesterday.（强调宾补）Itwasattheclassmeetingthatweelectedhimmonitoryesterday.（强调地点状语）一，基本结构：Itis(was)+被强调部分+that（强调部分是人时也可用who/whom）+其他成分Eg:Weelectedhimmonitorattheclassmeetingyesterday.主宾宾补地状时状二、强调句型的判断把“It,be，that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如：（1）①Itishewho/thatoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.②Itisonthehillsidethatweplanttreeseveryyear.③Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthatthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.(Shanghai2003,spring)分析：去掉Itis/was...that/who句子后结构仍然完整，句意仍明确，都是强调句。④Itwas9o'clockwhenwecameback．我们回来时是九点钟。⑤Itwas3hourssincewehadcomeback．我们回来已三个小时了。分析：在上面例句中若去掉Itwas...when/before/since等后，句子结构就不完整，所以不是强调句。2）①Itwasatthetheatre_________Lincolnwasmurdered.Itwasthetheatre_________Lincolnwasmurdered.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.theoneCB②Itwasourteacher________didtheexperimentinthelablastnight.A.whomB.thatC.whichD.where③Itwastenyearsago________MissGaoreturnedtoChina.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as④Itwas________hesaid______disappointedme。A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what⑤Itwasforthisreason________herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.(Shanghai2001,spring)A.whichB.whyC.thatD.howBAAC三、强调句型几注意首先，我们按强调句的语序来总结强调句的五项注意：1.句首词用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等。2.be动词的形式是is或was，不能用复数形式are或were。若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用is;若原句的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时，则用was.Eg:（3)It___theChinesewomenthat___agreatroleinthesocialistconstruction.Ais;playsBare;playCis;playDare;plays（4)___alltheseexercises____allofuscandotomorrow.AItis;thatBItwas;thatCTheyare;whichDItwillbe;that3.被强调的部分如果是代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。如：（5）Itishimthat/who/whomImetinthestreetyesterday.（6）ItisIwho/thatamwrong.CA4.连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，既可用that也可用who.特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用when或where。Eg:（7）ItwasonOct1st,1949thatPeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.Itwasatthegate________hetoldmethenews.(MET'88)A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when5.主谓一致问题被强调的主语要和that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。（8）ItisMarywhooften_____(help)mewithmyEnglish.（9）ItisIthat____(be)againstyou.（11）ItisMrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,that____inChinanow.AareBisCwasDwere(12)Itwasneitheryounorhethat___toblameforthemistake.AhelpsamareBC6.not…until结构的强调：强调“not…until”引导的时间状语时，要用“itis/wasnotuntil…that…”结构,，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。Eg:(13)Wedidnotgetoffthebusuntilitstopped.Itwasnotuntilitstoppedthatwegotoffthebus.(注意：强调该结构时notuntil不能分开)(14)Itwasnotuntil1920___regularradiobroadcastbegan.(NMET95)A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since(C)(15)Itwasnot____shetookoffherdarkglasses____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.[1992]A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;thenB(16)Itwas________backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn'tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn'tgoC（17）Itwasnotuntil________that________topreparehislessons.(Shanghai'91)A.didhisfathercomein;theboybeganB.hisfathercamein;theboybeganC.didhisfathercomein;didtheboybeginD.hisfathercameindidtheboybeginBD7.疑问句的强调结构：一般疑问句：Is/Was+it+that+句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。简单的答语为：“Yes,itis/was.”或“No,itisn’t/wasn’t.”(19)----Was____thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?(Shanghai'97)----No,itwasn’t.A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyourself(20)----Wasn'titDrWangwhospoketoyoujustnow?-----_______.(Shanghai'96)A.Ididn'tknowhewas.B.Yes,itwas.C.No,hewasn't.D.Yes,hedid.ABDEg:Wheredidyouseehercellphoneyesterday?Wherewasitthatyousawhercellphoneyesterday?（强调特殊疑问词where）8.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。Howwillyougotovisithertomorrow?Howisitthatyouwillgotovisithertomorrow?（强调特殊疑问词how）(22)Ireallydon’tknow_____Ihadmymoneystolen.AwhereisitthatBwhenitisthatCwhereitwasthatDitwaswherethatC(23)____findmywallet,Tom?A.WheredidyouthatB.Wherewasit