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元音和辅音的定义：•发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。•不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。•发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。•发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。辅音爆破音：[p][t][k][b][d][g]摩擦音：[f][v][s][z][θ][ð]破擦音：[tr][dr][ts][dz][t∫][d3]鼻辅音：[m][n][η]舌侧音：1）出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音2）出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音半元音：擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟辅音之间的音[w][j]二十六个辅音音标的学习辅音音标[p][b][t][d]练习1.[p]发这个音的字母和字母组合pppp:pianopandaparrotpetshipsheeppigstoppp:applehappy根据发音规则，圈出没有发[p]的单词。1.shipphonesleeppear2.pickpenbigpineapple3.taxiparrotsheeppig4.pandaponypettruck2.[b]发这个音的字母和字母组合bbbb:bookballbirdbigboybagbananabb:rubberrabbitcabbage根据发音规则，圈出发[b]的2个单词。1.cabgiftbeachlove2.petgodtubbed3.weatherboybusmake4.rabbitreaddressbaby3.[t]发这个音的字母和字母组合tttt:tableteataxicatratfatticketTt:buttermatter根据发音规则，圈出没有发[t]的1个单词。1.taxifatbagtoy2.hatticketteaduck3.pocketpacketcatrain4.[d]发这个音的字母和字母组合dedd:duckseeddoordeskdayredheadbedreadcolded:smiledopenedplayed根据发音规则，圈出没有发[d]的1个单词。1.bedclotheshand2.dogcoldfive3.danceduckgrape音标[p][b][t][d]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。•[p]：[b]：[t]：[d]：_______二.选出下列没有相同发音的词•()1.pearshipcoatpig•()2.taxibeancabcabbage•()3.hatseaticketwallet•()4.seeddancehandfull•()5.pickpensitpineapple•()6.coldfinddoorchair•()7.clothpurplepoolpush•()8.eatfanquietset三.写出单词或音标。•[pændә]kΛt][di:p][klaud]•applepearrabbitread四.改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。•short→__________(衣物)sea→___________（感官动词）•pet→__________(蔬菜)ten→______________(动物)辅音音标[k][g][s][z]学习1.[k]发这个音的字母和字母组合ckckc:capcookcupcarcanclassk:cookmilkkeydeskkitecakeck:clocksockcockneck从下列单词中找出一个发[sk]的单词。1.cakecardeskneck2.maskrockinkclock3.disktrucksilkduck2.[g]发这个音的字母和字母组合ggg•g:glassgolfgetgirlbaggoat•flag•gg:egg根据发音规则，圈出发[g]的单词。•gasdrivegumgiveviolinbag•jeansorangelogbridgeguess•tankgradelonglanguage3.[s]发这个音的字母和字母组合scssce•s:starsunsnakeseasee•c:pencilcitycedarceilingcelebrate•ss:grassglassclassboss•ce:faceracericenice根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。•1.whosejuicelickstudent•2.thosecasescarfshoes•3.spacenosesciencemeat•4.tearspiecebusnose4.[z]发这个音的字母和字母组合zssez:zerozebrazoos:bagsphotossistersse:noserose根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[z]的单词。1.zoofreezelickcase2.gameplaybusyshoes3.dognoserosemeat4.tearspeanuteaglezero辅音音标[k][g][s][z]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[k]：[g]：[s]：[z]：二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.carstayneckclock()2.gasgivedrivebag()3.seabossricecook()4.lickzoorosezero()5.tearsfreezedeskbusy三.写出单词或音标。［rais］[nәuz][sneik][gra:s]________________________________[gɔlf][gla:s][kɔk][ki:]________________________________________legcakericemouse_____________________________________nosebaggetkite_____________________________四.把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。socks['gigl]giggle[gәust]ghost[sɔks]face[t∫i:z]cheese[feis]五.根据翻译提示组合句子。（1）Daisyisthe[desk]ondancingMiss.__________________________Daisy小姐正在桌子上跳舞。（2）name['sneik]isMy._____________________________我的名字叫做蛇。（3）a['bi:]I'mbusy.______________________________我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。辅音音标[∫][3][t∫][d3]练习1.[∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合sshs:sugarsuresh:shipsheepwashcashshopshe根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[∫]的2个单词。1.shellshipwatchdesk2.truckshirtskirtship3.brushcarratsheepsleep4.heroshapestreetshelf2.[3]发这个音的字母和字母组合s•s:television,usually,Asia•measureagarage,•anunusualcollision;agreatdecision;•mypleasure根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[3]的2个单词。•1.shellshipgaragedesk•2.truckshirtpleasureship•3.brushcasualsheepsleep•4.heroshapeleisureshelf3.[t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合chtch•ch:teacherpeachcherrychair•tch:watchmatch根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。•chairdumplingbeachcheese•nightshemonkey•Chinachurchthesefloweregg•dreamsharkchickcatch4.[d3]发这个音的字母和字母组合gjdgeg:gingergiraffej:jumpjobjamge:orangecabbagecage根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发[d3]的单词。egggiraffedragongrasscabbagejobgiftgateorangedrugjeansgun音标[∫][3][t∫][d3]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[∫]：[3]：[t∫]：[d3]：_____二.选出下列具有相同发音的单词。()1.shellwatchshipsee()2.shellpleasuresicktreasure()3.chairChinaMonkeydream()4.jobgiftdoorcabbage()5.grasschickstartjeans三.写出单词或音标。［d3æm］[pi:t∫][∫ip][wɔ∫]________________________________________fishsheepshecatch_________________________________________peachchickshoeswatch_________________________________________音标[f][v][θ][ð]的练习1.[f]发这个音的字母和字母组合fffphghf:fivefanflowerfishfourleafff:giraffeph:phoneelephantphotogh:laugh选出下列单词中不发[f]的单词，写在横线上。knifeflowerfootfishpickgetphotogiraffelaughleaf_________________________________________2.[v]发这个音的字母和字母组合vve•v:videovasevest•ve:fiveloveviolin•根据发音规则,在不发[v]的单词上打וviolinmovevotewindow•vanvolcanowhitewoman•victorywetwavevase3.[θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:threethinthirdteethmouth根据发音规则，圈出不发[θ]的单词。1．fatherthreemathsthirsty2.mouththroatThursdaybrother3.thinkthirstymotherthousand4.thinthicktheyteeth4.[ð]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:fathermotherbrotherclothesweather根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[ð]的1个单词。1．thansisterbrotherthree2.weatherthanknightgood3.tielookteeththey4.thinfatherthroatwatch音标[f][v][θ][ð]的练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。[f]：[v]：[θ]：[ð]：二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.footknifepickfish()2.windowmovevotevase()3.threefanthousandthin()4.fatherthembrotherwatch()5.finishvanfoolfat三.写出单词或音标。［'brΛðә］[keid3][vest][heә][kɔk][ti:θ][zi:p][la:f]fivesevenfootfatmouththirtythreefather四.选出下列每题中有几种读音。A.一种B.二种C.三种D.四种()1.footroomleafvase()2.vestfivelikelove()3.shippeapickhike()4.thumbcutbrothermother()5.theythinmathsmouth辅音音标［ts］[dz][tr][dr]的练习1.[ts]发这个音的字母和字母组合tstests