八年级上册英语第九单元-unit-9知识点及练习题

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八上unit9短语:onSaturdayafternoonhavetoprepareforgotothedoctorhavethefluhelpmyparentscometothepartymeetmyfriendgotothepartytoomuchhomeworkgotothemoviesanothertimelastfallhangoutafterschoolontheweekendstudyforatestvisitgrandparentsthedaybeforeyesterdaythedayaftertomorrowhaveapianolessonlookafteracceptaninvitationturndownaninvitationtakeatripattheendofthismonthlookforwardtotheopeningofreplyinwritinggoshoppingdohomeworkgototheconcertnot…until短语用法:invitesb.todosth.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!helpsb.(to)dosthWhat+形容词+名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!besadtodosth.seesbtodosth/seesbdoingsththebestwaytodosth.haveasurprisepartyforsblookforwardtodoingsth.replytosth/sb.What’stoday?What’sthedatetoday?Whatdayisittoday?词语辨析:1.prepare意为“准备”,强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语,还可接不定式。prepareforsth.为…准备好。for的宾语不是动作的承受者,而是表示准备的目的,即所要应付的情况。/preparetodosth准备做某事。prepare强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语,还可接不定式。get/beready意为“准备好”,强调准备的结果。常见结构有:①beready(forsth.)②getsth.ready③beready(forsth)④begetreadytodo(准备干某事,乐于干某事)(1)We_____themid-termexamination.(2)MissLisaid,“Everyoneshould______beforeclass.2.havetheflu患感冒haveacold感冒haveacough咳嗽haveafever发烧haveasorethroat喉咙痛haveaheadache头痛haveatoothache牙痛3.hangout常去某处,泡在某处hangon紧紧抓住hangabout闲荡hangup挂电话,悬挂,挂起4.catchyou=byebyecatchacold感冒catchsb’seye引起某人注意catchthetrain赶上火车catchupwith赶上,,跟上catchholdof抓住5.accept接受,反义词为:refuse。accept指主观上愿意接受,receive收到,指客观上收到或拿到,但主观上不一定会接受。Ireceivedhisgiftyesterday,butIwouldn’tliketoacceptit.6.turndown=refuse拒绝turnup放大,调高turnover翻身taketurns依次,轮流7.helpsb.(to)dosth帮助某人做某事helpsb.withsth在某方面帮助人helponeselftosth随便吃8.attheendof在…末尾,在…尽头,bytheendof到…末为止intheendof终于9.surprised形容词,主语是人besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到意外surprising形容词,令人惊讶的,主语是物Thenewswassurpring.surprise名词,惊奇、惊讶toone’ssurprise动词,使惊奇,使感到意外Itsurprisesbtodosth.10.lookforwardto期待,盼望,to是介词,后跟名词,代词或动名词作宾语。hearfromsb.收到某人的来信=receivealetterfromsb.hearof=hearabout听说11.makeit在约定的时间内到达,能够来=arriveintime;Gladyoucouldmakeit.商量确定的时间,表示将来某项计划的安排,后接时间状语。Let’smakeitatseveno’clockonTuesday.成功办成某事=succeedAfteryearsofhardwork,hefinallymadeit.12.reply回答,指用口头或书面形式回答,不及物动词replytosb/sth.对…..作出回答。作及物动词,意为回答,回答说。作名词,意为:答道,回信,答复,后跟介词to.answer是最普通的用语,包括口头,书面或行动的回答,可作及物和不及物动词。1.Susanfeltreally(surprise)atthesurprisingnews.2.I'mlookingforwardtomygrandparentsinsummer.A.visitB.visitingC.visittingD.visited3.Iheardmybrotherlastweek.A.ofB.fromC.forD.with4.Whenyouleavethereadingroom,youshouldremembertothelights.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnoff5.---delicioustheicecreamis!Couldyougivemeonemore?---Sure.A.WhatB.HowC.Whata解析:surprised形容词,主语是人besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到意外surprising形容词,令人惊讶的,主语是物Thenewswassurpring.故选surprised。解析:lookforwardtodoingsth.故选B。解析:hearof:听说;hearfrom:收到某人的来信,故选B。解析:turndown=refuse拒绝turnup放大,调高turnover翻身taketurns依次,轮流turnon:打开;turnoff:关上,故选C。解析:what+名词感叹;how+形容词表感叹,故选B。情态动词用法归纳情态动词有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),dare(dared),need(needed),oughtto等。情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语一、can,could1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。Canyouliftthisheavybox?(体力)Marycanspeakthreelanguages.(知识)Canyouskate?(技能)此时可用beableto代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而beableto则有更多的时态。I’llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto,不能用Can。如:Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.2)表示请求和允许。----CanIgonow?-----Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。----CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?----Yes,youcan.(No,I’mafraidnot.)3)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。They’vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.4)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Canthisbetrue?Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.Howcanthisbetrue?二、may,might1)表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?----No,youmustn’t.----May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?----Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t/mustn’t.)用MayI...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用CanI...?在口语中更常见。2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!3)表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。1.Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.2.Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.三、must,haveto1)表示必须、必要。Youmustcomeintime.在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t,don’thaveto(不必).----Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?----Yes,youmust.----No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.2)must是说话人的主观看法,而haveto则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时,haveto有更多的时态形式。1.heplayisn’tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.2.IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.3)表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)1.You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.2.Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.四、dare,need1)dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去式形式为dared。1.HowdareyousayI’munfair?2.Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?3.Ifwedarednotgotherethatday,wecouldn’tgetthebeautifulflowers.2)need作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。1.Youneedn’tcomesoearly.2.----NeedIfinishtheworktoday?----Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.3)dare和need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。1.Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.2.Hedoesn’tdare(to)answer.3.Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.1.【2015年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】Look!Thetrafficlighthasturnedred.We_____stopourcar.A.canB.can’tC.mustD.mustn’t2.【贵州省安顺市2015年中考英语试题】—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