定语从句专项讲解

中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：[phone]定语从句专项讲解提问：定语是什么？修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。举例:Thisisabeautifulflower.（形容词作定语，置前）Thisisaflowerinthegarden.（介词短语作定语，置后）Thisistheflowerwhichyougavetome.（定语从句作定语，置后）先行词关系词定语从句定义：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+其他关系词的用法:1.关系词的分类：1）关系代词：who,whom,which,that,whose2）关系副词：when,where,why(作状语)2.关系代词在句中充当成分3.关系代词的详细用法who,whom的用法1)who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省。ThegirlwhoisinredisLily.(作___________,不可省）Ilikethepersonwhoyouaretalkingto.(作___________,可用whom/that替换或者省略)Youarewhoyouare.(作___________,不可省)关系代词whowhomthatwhichwhose充当成分主、宾（可省）、表宾语主、宾（可省）、表主、宾(可省)、表定语先行词人人人或物物人或物导入知识点梳理中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：[phone])whom在句中作宾语，限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略IhappenedtomeettheprofessorwhomIgottoknowatapartyyesterday.(作________,可省)IhavemanyfriendstowhomIamgoingtosendpostcards.（_________后面不可省）whose的用法whose的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语，whose=then.+ofwhich/whome.g.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.(whose指人)=Thisisthescientist,____________theachievementsarewellknown.e.g.I’dlikearoomwhosewindowfacesthesea.（whose指物）=I’dlikearoom______________thewindowfacesthesea.that和which的用法1)限制性定语从句中，通常情况下可以互换。that指人或物，which指物不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省，主语不能。Hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakesTVsets.(作___________,不可省)Thecoat_______________Iputonthedeskisblack.（作___________,___________）Theroomin________Iliveisverybig.=Theroom_________Iliveinisverybig.2）只用that——“人物最不避人物”“人物”——that既可指人，也可指物Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisitedtheotherday?(指_______,可用_______)JackisnolongerthepersonthatImetfiveyearsago.（指______,可用_______、________）“最”——极端修饰：最高级、序数词、theonly,thesame,thesame等Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownsofarinthecity.(先行词被___________修饰)Thefirstthingthatweshoulddonowistofindalocalguide.（先行词被___________修饰）“不”——不定代词(all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,等)Alltheapples__that__felldownfromthetreewereeatenupbythepigs.Thereisnotmuch___________oughttobedonerightnow.(先行词为____________)温馨提示：关系代词whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，常由“介词+whom引出，此时whom不能省略。注意：(先行词为物，在介词后面用which）中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：[phone]Hedideverythingcouldhelpus.(先行词为____________)(10全国2)Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething____________wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.that“避”——避免重复Whoisthepersonthatisstandingattheschoolgate?（前有__________）哪辆自行车是你弄丢的那辆？_________isthebike________youlost?“人物”——先行词有人也有物Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces_thataredifferentfromours.I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeoplethatIhavevisited.（先行词是_____________）3)只用which①在非限制性定语从句中Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.Tokyo,___________isthecapitalofJapan,seesgreatchangeseveryday.②在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前。ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.Thepenwith__________youarewritingisJeff’s.③如果有两个定语从句，其中前一个关系代词用that，后一个宜用whichLetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.Step1:找出先行词，判断指人指物Step2:判断定语从句中缺什么成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语）Step3:选择合适的关系代词。1.Thisisthebag________mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.This解题思路即学即练中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：[phone].Theman________livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl________yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as4.Isthisthefactory________alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whereD.this5.Theonlylanguage________iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.it6.Thegirlhandedeverything________shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all7.Pleaseshowmethebook________youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.this8.Thisisthebestbook________Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./9.Theman________washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.He10.Theboy________hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor11.Don’tgoin,thisistheshop________wehavejustbeen________.A./,toB.that,/C.where,toD.which,there12.Heisthemostcarefulboy________Iknow.A.whatB.whichC.asD./13.Didyoutellyourmotherall________youhadseenonthewayhome?A.whatB.whyC.thatD.which14.It’soneofthemostimportantmeetings________thisyears.A.thathasbeenheldB.whichhasbeenheldC.thathavebeenheldD.whichhaveheld15.Thisisthenewtypeofplane_______partsaremadeofplastics.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whose中国教育培训领军品牌地址：海口市美兰区海府路16号亚希大厦三层（南亚广场旁）电话：[phone].Theysentmychildtotheschooleverymorning,whichIconsideredagreathelptome.2.Shehastwodaughterswhostudyinthesameschool.3.TalkingabouttheUSA,NewYorkisthefirstthingthatcomestomind.4.Doyouknowthegirlwhoisstandingonthestage?5.Shemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforher.6.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?7.Thefirstthingthatweneedtodonowistocleantheroom.8.Hergrandmapassedawaylastnight,whichmadeherquitesad.9.Singingistheonlythingthatinterestedhermost.10.YellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChinathatistheoriginofChinesenation.11.Tomhasmaderapidprogress,whichmakesmeveryhappy.12.Thesongtowhichyouarelisteningisoneofmyfavoritesong.13.whichisthepenthatyoulost?14.Acompanywhoseprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.课后作业