成长专业教育中心英语资料1小升初英语专项练习四:形容词、副词的比较级和最高级一般来说,中文意思是“……的”的词是形容词,而中文意思是“……地”的词是副词。一、形容词概念形容是用来修饰物体的形状,大小,长度,属性,特点等,位于名词的前面。如:1.Heisahard-workingstudent.(努力的→特点)2.OurEnglishteacherhaslonghair.(长的→长度)3.Theelephantsareverybig,andthemiceareverysmall.(大的、小的→大小)二、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的意义英语中的形容词和副词,在句子里表示“比较……”、“最……”时,要用特别的形式,即:比较级和最高级。原来的形式称为原级。如:long原级longer比较级longest最高级1.Theblackpenisverylong.黑色的钢笔很长。2.Thebluepenislongerthantheblackone.蓝色的钢笔比黑色的长。3.Theredpenisthelongestofthethree.红色的钢笔是三支中最长的。三、形容词、副词比较级的用法表示两者间的比较用比较级。其常见句式有:1.“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”意思为“A比B更……”。如:Thistreeistallerthanthatone.这棵树比那棵树高。注意:①在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”。如:Awatermelonismuchbiggerthananapple.③very,quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。2.“become+形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”是“变得越来越……”的意思,and连接同一个形容词的比较级。如:Itbecomeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。注:表示“越来越……”时,若比较级是“原级+er”构成的,则常用“比较级+and+比较级”形式;若比较级是“more+原级”构成的,需用“moreandmore+原级形式”。如:Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如:Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高,Tim还是Tom?四、形容词、副词的最高级的用法形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:ofthethree,inourclass等等。如:Heisthetallestinourclass.他在我们班里是最高的。五、注意形容词最高级前一定要有定冠词the,而副词最高级前则不需要。六、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1.一般情况下,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;如:small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest2.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottest3.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;如:large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest成长专业教育中心英语资料25.多数多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;如:beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautifuldifferent→moredifferent→mostdifferent6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如:good→better→bestbad→worse→worstold→elder→eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthesr相关练习题lowslowlyhighprettyslowfunnyfastdirtyhighbeautifulhardinterestingcheapexpensivebrightimportantdarkdifferentcoolexcitedfatgood/wellbigbad/illthinfarhotoldmany/much二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。1.Mybrotheristwoyears_________(old)thanme.2.Isyoursister_________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.3.Whois__________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.4.Whosepencil-boxis_________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.5.Benjumps________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.6.DoesNancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,shedoes.7.Myeyesare__________(big)thanhers.8.Whichis__________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?9.Whogetsup________(early),TimorTom?10.Dothegirlsgetup_______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.11.Jimruns_____(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).三、选择正确的词填空。Sarahis12years________(old,older).Sheisoneyear________(older,oldest)thanme.ButIam0.1meter________(taller,tallest)thanher.ShestudiesinGuangzhouinterationalShool.Shestudies________(harder,hardest)inherclass.Everyonelikesher.Yesterday,shewasill.Shetooksomemedicineandshefeels________(good,better)now.四、选择。()1.Theyellowshoesarethantheblueones.A.expensiveB.expensiverC.moreexpensive()2.Acowisbiggerthanamouse.A.muchB.moreC.many()3.Who’sthe,Jean,JoanorJennet?A.thinnerB.thinestC.thinnest()4.TimisthanJack.A.funnyB.muchfunnyC.funnier()5.I’mtallerthanothersinmyclass.I’m.A.tallB.tallestC.thetallest()6.WhocansingbetterRose?A.thanB.thenC./()7.Ihavebooksthanyouhave.A.manyB.muchC.more()8.Hisuncle’shouseisvery.A.oldB.olderC.oldest()9.Mybikeisbuthisbikeis.A.new,newB.new,newerC.new,newest()10.Pleasecleanyourroom.It’snow.A.cleanB.dirtyC.tidy五、翻译句子。1.谁比Jim年纪大?是你。________is_________thanJim?________are2.谁比David更强壮?是GaoShan._________________thanDavid?GaoShan________.3.谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。_________pencilis________,______or________?________is,Ithink.4.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLing________to_______________thanSuYangeveryday.5.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗?不,我比他放得低。____you_______thekite_____thanWangBing?No,I_____it_____than_____.6.我的姐姐起得比我早。My__________up_____thanme.7.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。Shedoesn’t_________inPE.ButIdon’t___________than_____成长专业教育中心英语资料3小学英语语法习题——形容词、副词一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级old________young_______tall______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat________thin__________heavy______light________nice________good_________beautiful_________________low_________high_________slow_______fast________late_________early_________far_________well_______二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas__________(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_____.9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?13._____thegirlsgetup_______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.14.Jimruns_____(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).15.Thechilddoesn’t_____(write)as____(fast)asthestudents.三、翻译句子:1、谁比Jim年纪大?是你。________is_________thanJim?________are.2、