Lesson4AnexcitingtripLesson4Anexcitingtripexcitingadj.令人兴奋的•receivev.接受,收到•firmn.商行,公司•differentadj.不同的•centren.中心•abroadadv.在国外Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother,Tim.HeisinAustralia.Hehasbeenthereforsixmonths.Timisanengineer.HeisworkingforabigfirmandhehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.HehasjustboughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAliceSprings,asmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.HewillsoonvisitDarwin.Fromthere,hewillflytoPerth.Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore,soheisfindingthistripveryexciting.★excitingadj.令人兴奋的(主语是物或事)•Thenewsisreallyexciting.这个消息真让人兴奋。•excitedadj.感到兴奋的(主语是人)•Iamexcited.我感到很兴奋。•excitev.激动,令…兴奋•Thenewsexcitesme.这个消息让我激动。•TheexcitedgirlislookingforwardtoherexcitingfirstdatewithherMr.Right.•这个兴奋的女孩渴望着和他的白马王子的第一次激动人心的约会。•一般来说,带-ed的词表示人的感受,带-ing的词表示物的性质和状态。surprising令人惊喜的surprised感到惊喜的interesting令人感兴趣的interested感到感兴趣的shocking令人震惊的shocked感到震惊的satisfying令人满意的satisfied感到满意的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的touching令人感动的touched感到感动的•receive1.接受,收到,接受她收到了一份礼物。Shereceivedapresent.2.接待,接见总统接见了客人。ThePresidentreceivedtheguests.WeusuallyreceiveguestsonSaturday.我们通常星期六招待宾客。1、Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother,Tim.v.接受,收到(客观的收到)receivealetterfromsb.=hearfromsb.收到~~的来信ThismorningIreceiveabunchofflowers.同义accept同意,接受(主观)e.g.ThismorningIreceivedabunchofflowersbutIdidn’tacceptit.receive•2、HeisworkingforabigfirmandhehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.•workfor在……上班/任职•Iamworkingforaschool.•workin强调地点(在哪个地方上班)•IamworkingintheNewOrientalschool.•workat上班•Sheworksatacompany.•workout解决•firm1.n.公司,商号他在一家工程公司工作。Heworksforanengineerfirm.2.adj.结实的,稳固的这部小汽车非常坚固。Thecarisveryfirm.物价仍旧很稳定Pricesarestillfirm.asfirmasrock坚如磐石■a(great)numberof:“许多”,修饰可数名词的复数通常number前有great,large,good,small等形容词,数量大小也随之改变=agreatmanyofagreatamountof(修饰不可数名词)money比较:anumberof/thenumberofAnumberoftheworkersareunskilled.许多工人技术不熟练。Thenumberofskilledworkersissmall.熟练工人数较少。•differentadj.不同的deferencen.不同,差别,差异bedifferentfrom...与…不同我的观点与你的不同。Myopinionisdifferentfromyours.•differencen.区别,差别•tellthedifferencebetweenAandB•辨认A和B的区别•Wecaneasilytellthedifferencebetweenthetwins.•我们很容易辨认双胞胎的区别。•3、HehasjustboughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAlicesprings,asmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.centren.中心,中央(美式center)thecenteroftown市中心towncentre=downtown市中心,市区经典用法:inthecenterof:在中间,在中央=inthemiddleofinthecentre(ofsp),•4、Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore,soheisfindingthistripveryexciting.•find作“发现”、“发觉”讲时宾语往往带补足语(一般为形容词),说明宾语的状况、性质等。•find+宾语+形容词做宾补•findtheroomclean•findherhappy•befinding在口语中经常使用•I'mfinding.....We’refinding......■abroadadv.在国外,到处,海外,广泛goabroad去国外liveabroad到国外定居studyabroad到国外学习fromabroad进口athomeandabroad国内外注意是个副词,直接和动词连用,不需要介词辨析aboard甲板现在完成时ThePresentPerfectTense判断下列句子的时态1.Sheworksinafactory.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.5.Areyoudoingyourhomework?一般现在时过去进行时一般将来时一般过去时现在进行时已学习过的时态名称时间动词形式一般现在时平时,经常现在进行时正在进行一般将来时即将,计划1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/aregoingto+v原形一般过去时过去(与现在无关)1.v-ed(规则动词)2.不规则动词过去进行时过去某一时间,在进行was/were+v-ing1.v原形2.v三单am/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v原形2.begoingto+v原形1.v-ed(规则动词)2.不规则动词was/were+v-ing一、现在完成时的构成have/has+动词的过去分词(done)二、基本句式构成1.肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他。Ihaveseenthefilm.2.否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他。Ihaven'tseenthefilm.3.一般疑问句Have/has+主语+过去分词+其他?Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+have/hasn’t.Haveyouseenthefilm?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.三、动词的过去分词动词的过去分词有规则形式和不规则形式两种,规则形式同过去式的规则形式。不规则形式需特殊记忆,可分为四类:AAA型、ABB型、ABC型和ABA型。不规则动词原型-过去式-过去分词1)AAA型(三种形式都一样)cost-cost-costhit-hit-hitput-put-putset-set-set2)ABB型(过去式与过去分词相同)buy-bought-boughtcatch-caught-caughtfind-found-foundstand-stood-stood3)ABC型(三种都不一样)fly-flew-flownbreak-broke-brokentake-took-takenwrite-wrote-written4)ABA型(原形与过去分词相同)run-ran-runcome-came-comebecome-became-become四、现在完成时的用法及其时间状语1、表示过去已经发生或完成的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果,(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达)常与already,yet,never,ever,just,before等时间状语连用。Theyhavealreadyleft.(他们已经离开了,人不在这里)Ihaveneverheardofhim.(我从来没有听说过他。对这个人一无所知)Theyhaveleft.--他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里Ihavehadmylunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿--It’ssodark.--Someonehasturnedoffthelight.(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)--Areyoufree?--Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Iamfree.(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)•1、already意思是“已经”•①通常用于陈述句中(放在have和has的后面)•②也可用于疑问句,表示期望得到肯定的回答或表示惊异,此时already常放在句末。•Hasshefoundherbikealready?她已经找到自行车了?•2、yet用法•①yet可用于否定句,此时译为“还”;•Ihaven’tfoundmyruleryet.•②也可以用于疑问句,译为“已经”(放在have和has的后面也可放在句末)•Haveyoufoundyourruleryet?你已经找到尺子了吗?•3、just只用于陈述句意思是“刚才”(放在have和has的后面)•Ihavejustreceivedaletter.•4、never用于否定句译为“从不”(放在have和has的后面)•I’veneverbeentoBeijing.•5、ever用于疑问句译为“曾经”(放在have和has的后面)•HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?•6.before用于肯定句译为“以前”(放在have和has的后面一般放在句末)。如HehasneverbeentoBeijingbefore.Shehaswashedclothesbefore.2、表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,常与for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、sofar等连用。•IhavelearntEnglishforthreeyears.我已经学了三年的英语。(从3年前开始,持续到现在还在学)HehaslivedinFuzhousince2006.(2006年开始住在福州,持续到现在还在福州。)since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.•for:(长达)for+时间