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裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记打印版_第20课lesson20onemaninaboat单词学习1、catch(caught,caught)vt.抓到catchfish钓鱼，捕鱼catchathief抓住小偷catchthebus赶公交车←→missthebus错过公交车catchone’sattention吸引某人注意力/drawone’sattention/attractone’sattention/catchone’seyes/drawone’seyes/attractone’seyescatchfire着火（强调转变过程）beonfire正在燃烧（强调状态）catchacold患感冒（强调转变过程）haveacold正患感冒（强调状态）catchsbdoingsth抓住正在做某事的人eg.Thelittleboywascaughtstealingapplesfromthegarden.那个小男孩正在园子里偷苹果被抓住。eg.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.捷足先登。grab抓起，抢夺，热切或拼命地抓snatch抢夺，突然而迅速地抓起arrest（依法）逮捕capture俘虏，捕获trap设陷阱捕捉grasp紧握，抓住seize[si:z]握紧，抓住新概念英语第四册课文catchit被责骂，受处罚（口）（通常与will等连用）eg.IfIcomehomelate,I’llcatchitfrommymother.如果我回家晚了，我妈妈会骂我。catchupwith赶上eg.Goahead,please.I’llsooncatchupwithyou.你先走吧，我会很快赶上你的。catchon（意见，时尚）受欢迎的catchphrase标语，引人注意的句子2、fishermann.钓鱼人，渔民fish→fisherman(pl.fishermen)fishn.鱼[C]1)fish鱼[pl.]单复数同形2)fishes不同种类的鱼abigfishinasmallpond.山中无老虎猴子称霸王eg.Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.老猫不在家老鼠笑呵呵。teachfishtoswim班门弄斧drinklikeafish牛饮likeafishoutofwater如鱼离水anoddfish奇怪的家伙eg.Theycaughtmanyfishthatmorning.那天早上他们钓了很多鱼。eg.HestudiesthefishesintheIndianOcean.他研究印度洋里的鱼类。friedfish煎鱼，炸鱼freshfish新鲜鱼saltedfish咸鱼fish-and-chips油煎鱼加炸马铃薯片（大众快餐）(Br.)eg.SomepeopleeatfishonFridays.（天主教的习惯在星期五吃鱼代替吃肉）fishvi.捕鱼，钓鱼eg.Ilikefishing.我喜欢钓鱼。eg.Ienjoyfishing.我喜欢钓鱼。eg.Iamfondoffishing.我喜欢钓鱼。eg.Iamkeenonfishing.我喜欢钓鱼。gofishing去钓鱼goswimming去游泳goshopping去购物fishintroubledwater浑水摸鱼fishforcompliments沽名钓誉3、bootn.靴子apairofboots一双靴子haveone’sheartinone’sboots极为悲观消沉haveone’sheartinone’smouth极为恐惧boots长筒靴rubberboots橡胶长靴runningshoes跑鞋platformshoes厚跟鞋leathershoes皮鞋sandal['sændl]n.凉鞋sneaker['sni:kə]n.(帆布胶底)运动鞋(Am.)slipper拖鞋tennisshoes网球鞋loafer平底便鞋shoesshoelace鞋带sole鞋底heel鞋跟lowshoe低帮鞋(Am.)highshoe短靴boot长靴shoe低帮鞋(Br.)boot高统鞋4、wastevt./n.浪费1)wastevt.浪费eg.Don’twasteyourtime,moneyandenergy.不要浪费你的时间，金钱和精力。eg.Alltheeffortswerewasted.一切努力都被浪费了。2)wasten.浪费awasteof对…的浪费eg.It’sawasteoftime.这简直是浪费时间。eg.It’sawasteofmoney.这是对金钱的浪费。eg.It’sawasteoffeeling.简直是浪费感情。eg.It’sawasteoffood.这是浪费食物。Wastenot,wantnot.不浪费，就不缺乏。（尤指食物或钱）eg.Ifyouneverwasteanything,you’llneverlackit.不浪费，就不缺乏。gotowaste变成废物wasteaway（人，体力）衰弱wastebasket字纸篓(Am.)wastepaperbasket字纸篓(Br.)5、realizev.意识到realadj.真的realityn.现实1)认识到，意识到（不用于被动语态，不用于进行时态，人做主语）realizeone’smistake认识到自己的错误/beawareofone’smistakeeg.Sherealizedthathewaslying.她意识到他正在说谎。eg.Theydon’trealizeoneimportantthing.他们没有认识到一件重要的事情。2)vt.实现（计划等）（可用于主动，也可用于被动语态）realizeone’shope实现某人的希望realizeone’sdream实现某人的梦想realizeone’splan实现某人的计划eg.Herealiaedhisdreamatlast.他终于实现了自己的梦想。→Hisdreamwasrealizedatlast.eg.Herworstfearswererealized.她最担心的事发生了。cometrue成为现实（物做主语，没有被动语态）eg.Herdreamhascometrue.她的梦想实现了。课文讲解1、favoriteadj.最喜欢的无比较级、最高级eg.RedandBlackismyfavoritebook.《红与黑》是我最喜欢的书。n.心爱的人（物），最喜爱的东西eg.Thatsongisoneofhisfavorites.那首歌是他最喜欢的歌中的一首。eg.Sheisafavoritewithheraunt.她最受姑姑的宠爱。/Sheisheraunt’sfavorite.2、withoutprep.没有prep.+n./v.—ing/pron.eg.Hewentoutwithoutsayinganything.他一言不发就走了。用法：without前后必须保持一致。上句相当于：Hewentoutandhedidn’tsayanything./Hewentoutwithoutsayinganywords.eg.Icannotlivewithoutyou.eg.Fishcannotlivewithoutwater.3、worryv.使…担心worrysb使…担心，困扰某人eg.Mylittledaughterworriedmealot.我的小女儿令我担心。beworriedabout对…表示担心eg.Iwasworriedaboutmylittledaughter.我对小女儿感到担心。beanxiousabout对…感到焦虑insteadof不做…而做…（可置于句首或句尾）eg.Instesdofcatchingfish,theunluckyfishermencatcholdbootsandrubbish.那些不幸的垂钓人没有钓到鱼而钓到一些旧靴子和垃圾。/Theunluckyfishermencatcholdbootsandrubbishinteadofcatchingfish.eg.Menwearsocksinteadofstockings.男士们穿的是短袜而不是长袜。eg.Iwentshoppinginteadofdoingmyhomework.我去购物而没有做作业。insteadof后面加名词，代词或动名词作介词宾语。4、rubbishn.垃圾apileofrubbish一堆垃圾/aheapofrubbisheg.Don’ttalkrubbish!别说废话了！garbage1)（厨房里的）菜屑碎肉，残羹剩肴，垃圾(Am.)2)（口）不足取的东西，愚蠢的想法garbagecan垃圾箱(Am.)dustin垃圾箱(Br.)garbagecollector垃圾收集清洁员dustman垃圾收集清洁员(Br.)garbagetruck垃圾车dustcart垃圾车(Br.)refuse['refju:s]垃圾5、even甚至morelucky更加幸运lesslucky更加不幸运less更不…（消极比较级）Aisless+原级thanBA比B更不…eg.Iamlesshappythanbefore.我比以前更加不愉快/更痛苦。eg.Thisstoryislessinterestingthanthatone.这个故事比那个更无聊。notas/so…as不及，不如eg.Iamnotsohappyasbefore.我没以前那么愉快。（现在不一定不快乐）eg.Thisstoryisnotsointerestingasthatone.这个故事没那个有趣。（也许这个也很有趣）6、afterprep./conj.仅当从句主语与主句主语一致时，才可以省略作afterdoingeg.AftersayingGoodnight,theboywenttobed.eg.Afterthestudentshandedintheirpapers,theteacherleft.（本句主从句主语不一致，不可省略成afterdoing形式）spendtime/money/energy(in)doingsth7、giveupgiveupfishing放弃钓鱼giveupsmoking戒烟giveupfighting放弃斗争it’s/its（it’s主系表结构，its形容词性物主代词）eg.It’sacoldday.eg.It'sraining,too.eg.Thecatdrankitsmilk.eg.Thisenergyhaslostitspower.这台发动机失去了动力。8、understand理解，懂得，明白eg.Irealizedthathewasmad.我意识他疯了。eg.Idon’tunderstandEnglish.我不懂英语。eg.IrealizedthatIhadbeenwrong.我意识到我错了。9、beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某事/做某事感兴趣eg.Everyoneisinterestedinbeauties.每个人都对美女感兴趣。eg.Theplayboyisinterestedinrunningafterbeauties.花花公子对追逐美女感兴趣。interesting令人感兴趣的（一般物作主语）eg.Fishingisnotinteresting.钓鱼特没劲。excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的surprised感到吃惊的surprising令人吃惊的disappointed感到失望disappointing令人失望的ing形式：表示令人感到…ed形式：表示自己感到…sitinaboat坐在船上beinthesameboat同舟共济burnone’sboatbehindoneself破釜沉舟rocktheboats（因意见不同）搅局，捣乱misstheboat坐失良机atall根本，丝毫notat