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Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{{Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.{在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder___youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis_____hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth____theearthmovesaroundthesun.A.IfB.that;C.whyD.whether主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1Thathewillsucceediscertain.2Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3Whathesaidisnottrue.4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5Whoevercomesiswelcome.6Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.7Whenthey’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.“It“Isusedasemptysubject形式主语为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhenthey’llstarttheproject.It’spossible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’said/reportedthat…据说/据报道…Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧..It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afactthat…宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）Theysaidthattheywouldcomeontime.Iaminterestedinwhothetallmanis.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.Tellthefunctionofthefollowingclausesthat,whether，if（that常可省略）who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whenwherewhyhow当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherIwillstayornot介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.1.Whether和if都可以引导宾语从句在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。when/where/why/how/becausethat/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句)who/whom/whose/which/what1.Thereason(____wedidn'ttrusthim)is______hehasoftenlied．2.Thereason(____hegaveforhisabsence)is______hewasill.reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导,但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that引导。在表语从句中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：whythatthatthat1)WhatevergaveyoutheideathatIcansing?2)Wordcamethatourteamwonthematch.3).Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.1.同位语从句的格式：2.能接同位语从句的名词有：3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用名词.+连接词+从句Whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。fact、idea,news,order,belief,suggestion,advice,information等1.Ihavenoidea______hecomesfrom.2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion_______hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions______weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt______hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.wherehowthatthatwhetherreducepainascientificstudybreathinsniffpleasantsmelltakethepainberelatedtobelinkedto减少疼痛一次科学研究吸进闻香味忍受疼痛与……相关与……相联系1.reduce（sth.bereducedby…被减少了……）sth.bereducedto…被减少到……）学生的人数已经减少了3%Thenumberofthestudentshasbeenreducedby3%.价格已经降到了5美元。Thepricehasbeenreducedto$5.2.berelatedtoWealthisseldomrelatedtohappiness.财富鲜于幸福有关。3.belinkdtoTownAislinkedtotownBbyarailwayLinkhisnamewithhername4.addadd“增加”;“又说，补充说”add．．．to意为“把……加到……”addto“增加，增进”addupto意为“加起来总共是该短语不用于被动语态。1.Afterashortwhile,he_______thathewouldtryhisbest．2._____two____seven,andyouwillgetnine．3.Allhisschooleducation___________nomorethanoneyear4.Thebadweather_________ourdifficulties．addedaddedtoaddeduptoAddtoPara1Thepossibilitythatpleasantsmellsmightreducepainhasrecentlybeensuggestedbynewresearch.Para2Aspeoplebelieve(2)thatstrongsmellscanaffectthesenses.Para3Scientistsareinterestedin(3)whetherthesenseofsmellisrelatedtopainandwhethermenandwomenhavethesamesenses.Now,thestudyhasproved(4)thatforwomen,pleasantsmellsreducepain.Para4Hesays(5)thatscientistsalreadyhavedatafrom40volunteersHeadds(6)thatthisyear,scientistswilltestanother60volunteersandwillbeinabetterpositiontoexplaintheresults.Para5Oneexplainationis(7)thatwomen’ssenseofsmelldevelopedlongago,andislinkedtorecognizingthesmellofbabies.Scientistsusedtobelieve(8)thatmothersrecognizedtheirchildrenbysightonly.Nowtheyhavestartedtobelieve(9)thatthesenseofsmellalsohelpsBut(10)whypleasantsmellsdonotreducepaininmenisaquestionstilltobeansweredbyscientists.1.havesomethingtodowithP11PA2.makethemostofsth./sb./oneself.Makethemostofone’ssparetime/one’schances/talentsItismyfirstholidayfortwoyearssoIamgoingtomakethemostofit.Shereallytriestomakethemostofherselfbydressingwell3.Whilehavingdinner,listentosomeenjoyablemusicratherthanwatchTV.Iwouldwalkratherthantakeabus.Iwillhaveacolddrinkratherthancoffee.Words1.Everyday:everydayLet’sbeginwitheverydayEnglish.InoureverydaylifeSomeparentscollecttheirchildrenfromschooleveryday.2.ignorev.忽略,没注意Itisnotaquestionthatcanbeignored.ignorantadj.无知的beignorantof/about对…不了解Theyareignorantof/aboutwhathappened3.deeplyadv.深深地Iamdeeplysorryforwhathashappened4.achen./vi.疼痛PBTherewereachesinhisjoints.Heachedallover.toothache,stomachache,headache