雅思小作文柱状图Bar类解析

雅思小作文柱状图Bar类解析关于柱状图我们主要分两种写法：1.如果横轴有明显的时间推移的话，烤鸭们应连接柱子顶点，重在描述柱子的升降起伏，写法类似于线状图。2.如果无时间推移，则写法和饼状图一样。即按照各比较对象所占比例的高低写，同时要注意各所占比例之间的比较。可以用到的词汇有：1.表示“占多少”的动词AccountforTakeupMakeupContributetoHaveRepresent2.表示“最高级”和“比较级”第一/最小thelargest/biggestproportionof第二thesecond/nextlargest/expensive(+形容词的最高级)第三followedcloselyby最低/最小thesmallestpercentofall3.表示“相同比例”即在饼状图中遇到了比例相同或者差不多的饼，如有AB两个比较对象。AaccountsforthesamepercentageasB.TheproportionofAisashighasBAandBcontributedequally/evenlyto(all)在观察柱形图的时候首先要留意横轴的数据，若横轴为时间轴或者是年龄趋势，那么我们在主体段写作时候的基本思路就为从左到右;若横轴数据为具体专有名词诸如地点，交通工具等时，主体段的写作思路就可能是按照柱形的长度排列。本文根据上述的分析做以下的总结：一、按照横轴从左到右排列数据：1.两根柱且趋势截然相反在这种写法中，我们要注意观察2根柱的上升/下降的幅度。以下我们就来看一个例子：Thechartsbelowshowthemainreasonsforstudyamongstudentsofdifferentagegroupsandtheamountofsupporttheyreceivedfromemployers.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thefirstgraphshowsthatthereisagradualdecreaseinstudyforcareerreasonswithage.Nearly80%ofstudentsunder26years,studyfortheircareer.Thispercentagegraduallydeclinesbyapproximately15%everydecade.Only40%of40-49yroldsand18%ofover49yroldsstudiedforcareerreasonsinlateadulthood.Conversely,thefirstgraphalsoshowsthatstudystemmingfrominterestincreaseswithage.Thereareonly10%ofunder26yroldsstudyingoutofinterest.Thepercentageincreasesslowlytillthebeginningofthefourthdecade,andincreasesdramaticallyinlateadulthood.Nearlysamenumberof40-49yroldsstudyforcareerandinterest.However70%ofover49yroldsstudyforinterestincomparisonto18%studyingforcareerreasonsinthatagegroup.在第一幅柱状图中，我们可以看到，蓝色和红色的2根柱呈现出截然相反的变化趋势，因此，我们在排列数据时可以分别描述各自的上升/下降幅度，见划线第一个句子。这2根柱的变化幅度相对都是比较均匀的，我们在计算幅度时可以简单的将最大和最小值相减，然后除以区间数，就能得出大约的幅度，在描述时只要在幅度前加上表示大约的副词即可。从句型角度，我们可以选择主谓结构的简单句来实现对变化幅度的描写，见划线第一个句子。接下来，我们在描述第2根柱形变化的时候，要特别注意选择的句型在逻辑关系上和第一根柱变化幅度间的联系，见划线第二个句子。2.三根以上柱形且多种趋势：应对这样的柱形图，我们可以先描写最长的那根柱的数据，也可以将最长的2根柱的数据放在一起描写。以下我们就来看一个例子：ThegraphshowsInternetUsageinTaiwanbyAgeGroup,1998-2000.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.ThegraphshowschangesintheageprofileofInternetusersinTaiwanbetween1998and2000.ThemainusersoftheInternetinTaiwanareyoungadultsbetween16and30yearsold.In1998,theyaccountedformorethanhalfofallusers.In1999thenumberdroppedslightlyto45%,butevenin2000theywerethebiggestgroup.Thesecondbiggestgroupofusersisagedbetween31and50.Theymadeup41%in1998,fallingslightlyto37%in2000.Whencombinedwiththe16-30agegroup,over94%ofusersin1998werebetween16and50.Howeverthisnumberisdroppingsteadilyasmorechildrenandolderuserslogon.In1999,thenumberofchildrenonlinequadrupledfrom2%to8%,anditcontinuedtoincreasein2000.Thereweresimilarincreasesforolderusers,risingfrom4%in1998to10%in2000.Insummary,whileadultsbetween16and50stillrepresentthegreatmajorityofInternetusersinTaiwan,theirshareisdecliningasmorechildrenandolderusersjointheweb.在第一个主体段中，作者先从最长的红色柱形入手，见划线句子。然后在第二个主体段中继续描写蓝色柱形的数据。在句型选择上我们发现2段首句都使用了主系表的简单句，选择的主语也是类似，因此从高分角度来讲，我们可以将第2个主体段首句的主语换成原先的表语，即31岁至50岁年龄组，效果会更好。此外，我们还可以从描写柱形的整体趋势作为突破口，如：Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thetablebelowshowsthefiguresforimprisonmentinfivecountriesbetween1930and1980.Writeareportforauniversity,lecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.Thebargraphshowsthatthefiguresforimprisonmentinthefivecountriesmentionedindicatenooverallpatternofincreaseordecrease.Infactthereisconsiderablefluctuationfromcountrytocountry.InGreatBritainthenumbersinprisonhaveincreasedsteadilyfrom30000in1930to80,000in1980.OntheotherhandinAustralia,andparticularlyinNewZealandthenumbersfellmarkedlyfrom1930to1940.Sincethentheyhaveincreasedgradually,apartfromin1980whenthenumbersinprisoninNewZealandfellbyabout30,000fromthe1970total.Canadaistheonlycountryinwhichthenumbersinprisonhavedecreasedovertheperiod1930to1980,althoughtherehavebeenfluctuationsinthistrend.ThefiguresfortheUnitedStatesindicatethegreatestnumberofprisonerscomparedtotheotherfourcountriesbutpopulationsizeneedstobetakenintoaccountinthisanalysis.TheprisonpopulationintheUnitedStatesincreasedrapidlyfrom1970to1980andthismustbeaworryingtrend.从图中我们发现，每个国家的数据变化都是不同的，有升有降，没有一个有规律的总体趋势，这时候，我们可以用划线句子的写法在一开始就描述数据的总体情况。接下来再分国家逐一描述即可。二、横轴为地点，交通工具等其他专有名词：遇到这样的情况，不管柱形有几根，建议考生都可以按照长度从长写到短，也可以先以描述总体趋势作为突破口，如以下这个图：Thegraphaboveshowinformationofemploymentratesacross6countriesin1995and2005.Summarizetheinformationbychoosinganddescribethemainidea,andmakecomparisonswhereappropriate.Thegraphshowschangesinemploymentratesinsixcountriesbetween1995and2005,formenandwomen.Overallmoreandmorepeopleofworkingageareemployed,andtherehavebeensignificantimprovementsforwomen,althoughtheylegbehindmeninenteringtheworkforce.Themostobvioustrendinthegraphisthatwomenhaveloweremploymentratesinmostofthecountriesinthegraph.Forexample,inAustraliain1995,57percentofmencouldfindworkorretainajob,butonly27percentofwomen.ThedifferencewasevenbiggerinNewZealand,with60percentofwomen.EveninSwitzerlandandIceland,alightlymorementhanwomenwereinthejobmarket.Thesecondbiggesttrendinthegraphistheimprovementinem