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1nnnnn1.(1)(2)nnnnnn2.2.nn223nnn2.3.1JCBJobControlBlocknnn2nn3.1JCB3.23.34nnnn3.433.56nnnJCB1JCB2……JCBi……JCBn3.64.“”“”“”“”…4.11nnn4.25.nn41nnn5.1nnCPU5.22JCBnn5.36.nn1nn“”nn6.1nnnn6.25“”–∑=niTi1n126.3∑=niriTi1n1nTnW6.43nnnnnn6.54nFCFSFirstComeFirstServenSJFShortestJobFirstnHRNHighestResponseRatioNextR=/=+/=1+/6.6nHPFHighestPriorityFirstaJCBb––6.7n()nnnn6.86nn6.9nn6.1051n6.11JOB180012080010001201JOB285050100010501202.4JOB3900101050110012012JOB49502011001120904.5T=112.5W=4.97545019.96.12JOB180012080010001201JOB285050103011201503JOB39001010001010707JOB49502010101030402T=95W=3.25380136.13JOB180012080010001201JOB28503010101100701.4JOB39001010001010707JOB49502011001120904.5T=87.5W=4.07535016.36.147626.15JOB110003010001105654.167JOB210052010051025201JOB31010510251030204JOB410201010301040202T=31.25W=2.7912511.1676.16—————16.17nn6.18n16.197nn6.208nn6.217CPUJOB110002515K2JOB210203060K1JOB310301050K3JOB410352010K2JOB510401530K2711“”“”n72nnnn9.910.SPOOLingSimultaneousPeripheralOperationsOn-Linennn…10.SPOOLing110.SPOOLing2nnnnnSPOOLing10.SPOOLing3nnnnn102nnI/OnI/Onnn3“”31322.nn113.nn4nnn4.14.2nnshelln“ls-a-l”n“gunzipmp1.tar.gz;tar-xvfmp1.tar;\rm-r-fmp1.tar”n/(option/switch)(argument)nUNIXcp-rdoc/tmpargv[0],argv[1],.../tmp4.3nnshellDOScopynDOSxcopyn(?,*)nUNIXcp“1.tar”“2.tar”“cp*.tar/tmp”“cp1.tar/tmp;cp2.tar/tmp”n12344.41255nnnn“”“”nn6.——nnnn6.——1(1)nn6.——2(2)n“”“”n“”n6.——313(3)nn6.——4(4)“”“”“6.——57.GUI1(windowsystem)23(windowmanager)47.GUI11(windowsystem)nnnnn——7.GUI22n(window)maskØ(titlebar)(border)(corner)(systemmenubox)/(maximize/minimize)(scrollbar)Ø/(active/inactive)//(restore)Z(focus)Ø(desktop)(wallpaper)n(icon)(32x3264x64pixel)7.GUI314n(mousepointer)(cursor)ØØ//(left/right/middlebutton)(click)/(double-click)(drag)/(drag-and-drop)n(button)/menubuttonradiobuttoncheckbuttonn(menu)(menubar)n(dialogbox)(message)7.GUI43(windowmanager)n“(clientarea)”n7.GUI54MSWindowsnnMSWindowsnn7.GUI6nOSnWindows20007.GUI7MSWindowsnOS(KERNEL)DLLn(USER)n(GDI,GraphicDeviceInterface)USER7.GUI8n(message)n(windowprocedure)ØID16+3232+32Ø7.GUI915nFIFOAPIØPostMessageØGetMessage,PeekMessageØDispatchMessagenAPIØSendMessageØGetMessageSendMessageGetMessageif(InSendMessage())ReplyMessage(TRUE);7.GUI10nDefWindowProc()nWM_PAINT(region)WM_PAINTregion7.GUI11nnI/O51DOSMOVEA,PARA1MOVEB,PARA2INT21H-12OUTL1MOVEAIINADDR1BORBBSJNCL1OUTADDR2ARET-216I/OnnI/OI/O2MOVEDXOFFSETBUFFMOVECXBYTEMOVEBXHANDLEMOVEAH3FHINT21H-3n:AB-45charbuff[4]=“abcde”;for(i=4;i=0;i--)print(buff[i]);f11020seek(fd,10,0);read(fd,buff,11);-5......A=A+1printf(...)B=B+A1(2)printf(3)(4)INT......INTA=A+1B=B+A............INOUT...17n2.OSnnn2.1nTRAPnn0123nnnnnnnn2.2systemcall(1)(2)(3)A0A1AiAnA0A1AiAnSub0Sub1SubiSubnread(fd,buffer,nbytes)18nnn3.nnOSnnnnn19INTnnn4.INTnnnnnnnnnnCALLØCALLØCALLPCnRETØPCinttrapcalljmp4.3CALLa.12OS4.4b.,OS4.520............OSOSOSINT..................4.6nnOSnCALLCALL4.7c.INTIRETPSWINTPSWPSWIRETPSW4.81INTIRET4.95.Win32nWindows(Win32API)OSnWin95WindowsWin32APInWindowsnWindowsWindowsnWindows21nnn.nn1.nnnn1.11.22OSOSOS1.32.n221OSOS2PCB33.45PCBNULL3.14.1OSOS234PCB5OS674.1