车间配电所的整体设计

车间配电所的整体设计摘要配电所就是对电能进行接受、分配、控制与保护。它由电力变压器、配电装置和二次装置等构成，变电站及配电系统在电网与用户之间起着重要的连接作用。随着电力系统的发展，电气化和自动化给国民经济和社会发展带来了巨大的动力和效益，并成为当今社会发展和人民日常生活中不可缺少的重要能源。但若管理或是系统设计存在缺陷，会容易造成用电质量低下，更有甚者造成电网崩溃，严重时电网瓦解，酿成大面积停电。本次设计是关于车间配电所的设计。最先从车间的布局考虑，参考了现在很多工厂的平面设计图对各部分的布局的可用性和经济性入手。接下来开始进入工厂厂区的供电设计部分。先从各部分的计算入手，其中包括计算负荷和短路电流的计算和一次设备稳定度的效验，及低压配电屏的选择。接下来，进行了对变电所高压进线和低压出线的选择，车间配电线路的设计。在变电所二次回路设计及继电保护整定当中我考虑了各方面的保护及对保护器具的选择。变电所设计自然少不了对防雷以及接地保护方面的设计，考虑到了车间布局的实际情况进行了对防雷接地设备的选择和设计。关键词：供电设计低压配电车间配电所高低压设备电力系统OveralldesignofworkshopdistributionAbstractTheso-calleddistributionistoreceive,electricitydistribution,controlandprotection.Distributionofpowertransformer,powerdistributiondeviceandtheseconddevice,etc,substationanddistributionsysteminthepowergridplaysanimportantroleinconnectionwiththeuser.Withthedevelopmentofelectricpowersystem,electrificationandautomationtothenationaleconomyandsocialdevelopmentareofgreatpowerandbenefit,andbecomethecurrentsocialdevelopmentandPeople'sDailylifeindispensableimportantenergy.Butifthemanagementorthedefectofsystemdesign,willbeeasytocausethelowqualityofelectricity,moreovercausedbypowergridcollapse,seriouswhengridcollapse,causedwidespreadpoweroutages.Thisdesignisabouttheworkshopofsubstationdesign.Firstfromthelayoutoftheworkshop,consultedalotoffactoryfloorplannowfortheavailabilityandeconomyofthelayoutofthepart.Thenbegintoentertheplantpowersupplydesign.Firstfromthecalculationoftheparts,includingthecomputationalloadandshortcircuitcurrentcalculationandtheequipmentstabilityatatimeofefficacy,andtheselectionoflowvoltagedistributionpanel.Next,hascarriedonthechoiceofsubstationhighvoltageintothelineandthelowpressureoutlet,workshopdistributioncircuitdesign.InthesubstationofsecondaryloopdesignandrelayprotectionsettingIconsiderallaspectsoftheprotectionandtheselectionofprotectiveequipment.Natureislittlenotsubstationdesigntothedesignoflightningprotectionandgroundingprotection,takesintoconsiderationtheactualsituationoftheworkshoplayoutfortheselectionanddesignoflightningprotectiongroundingdevice.Keywords:powersupplydesign.Lowvoltagepowerdistribution.Workshopofsubstation.Highandlowvoltageequipment.Electricpowersystem.目录1绪论...................................................................11.1课题背景、目的及工程意义.........................................11.2设计内容及任务要求...............................................11.2.1机加工一车间生产任务.........................................11.2.2设计依据.....................................................21.3设计原则.........................................................22负荷计算................................................................52.1负荷计算的目的....................................................52.2负荷计算.........................................................62.2.1机加工一车间负荷计算.........................................62.2.2机加工车间负荷计算...........................................82.3无功功率补偿计算.................................................93车间配电所的选型及主接线方案...........................................113.1车间配电所位置..................................................113.2车间配电所型式..................................................113.3主变压器选型....................................................123.4主接线方案......................................................124短路计算...............................................................144.1短路计算目的及原则..............................................144.2短路计算........................................................144.3主要一次设备选型................................................165车间变电所高低压线路设计...............................................195.1配电接线方案....................................................195.2刀闸开关选择....................................................195.3配电线路选择....................................................196继电保护整定...........................................................216.1概述............................................................216.2继电保护的选择与整定............................................216.2.1变压器的继电保护............................................216.2.2继电保护整定计算选择........................................236.2.3继电保护整定计算............................................247防雷与接地设计.........................................................267.1接地............................................................267.2防雷设计........................................................271、直击雷的过电压保护.............................................272、雷电侵入波保护.................................................27总结与展望...............................................................28致谢.....................................................................29参考文献.................................................................30附录.....................................................................3111绪论1.1课题背景、目的及工程意义自工业生产电气化以后，极大的增加了产量，提高劳动生产率，改善了人工劳动压力。因此工厂的供电可靠性是管理经济和安全的重要因素。变电所的功效是承担电能、改变电压和分拨电能，变电所由电力变压器、配电装置和二次装配等组成。按变电所的性子和责任可分为;升压变电所和降压变电所。除了发电机连接到变电站的升压变电站，其余的是降压变电站。根据变电站的位置和作用分为枢纽变电站、变电所和用户变电站。仅用于回收和分派电能，而不变更电压的场地称为配电所。于是，做好工场供电事业对于成长工业生产，实现工业现代化，具有十分重要的意义。由于能源节约是工厂供电工作的一个重要方面，而能源节约对于国家经济建设具有十分重要的战略意义，因此做好工厂