-1-初三上英语知识点【知识梳理】I.重点短语1.atthemoment2.usedto3.forawhile4.walkawaywithsth.5.leaveforsomeplace6.soonerorlater7.payfor8.comeupwithanidea9.thinkof10.haveatry11.allovertheworld12.befamousfor13.largenumbersof14.alltheyearround15.nomatterwhat16.giveup17.forexample18.bytheway19.onbusiness20.sofar21.cometrue22.setoff23.slowdown24.goondoing25.waitfor26.beproudof27.beafraidof28.speakhighlyof29.ayearandahalf30.halfayear31.pickup32.assoonas33.keep…clean34.takecareof35.cutdown36.makeacontributionto37.baseon38.makesure39.takeaway40.beginwith41.rightnow-2-42.assoonaspossible43.leaveamessage44.allkindsofthings45.walkaround46.fallasleep47.wakeup48.goonatrip49.haveagoodtime50.takephotos51.comeout52.comeon53.haveafamilymeeting54.talkabout55.goforaholiday56goscubadiving57.writedown58.byoneself59.walkalong60.getachancetodosth61.haveawonderfultime62.bookaroom63.haveanaccident64.beinterestedin65.usesth.todosth.66.makeaTVshow67.beamazedat68.takepartin69.feedon70.getoutofII.重要句型1.Whydon’tyoudosth.?2.makesb.Happy3.borrowsth.fromsb.4.forgettodosth.5.payfrosth.6.returnsth.Tosb.7.learnsth.fromsb.8.befamousforsth.9.Nomatterwhat…10.bewithsb.11.goondoingsth.12.speakhighlyofsb.13.keepdoingsth.14.allowsb.Todosth.-3-15.encouragesb.todosth.16.Itissaidthat…III.交际用语1.---Excuseme,haveyougot…?---Yes,Ihave.(Sorry,Ihaven’t.)2.---Whydon’tyou…?---Thanks,Iwill.3.---Thanksalot.(Thankyouverymuch.)---Youarewelcome.4.---Haveyoueverdone…?---Yes,Ihave,once.(No,never.)5.---I’vejustdone…---Really?6.---What’s…like?7.---Howlonghaveyoubeen…?---Since…8.---Haveyoueverbeento…?---I’veneverbeenthere.(Noneofushas./Only…has.)9.---Wouldyouliketohaveatry?---Idon’tthinkIcan…10.---Whathaveyoudonesince…?11.---Howlonghaveyoubeenatthis…?---For…12.---Howlonghasshe/heworkedthere…?---She’s/He’sworkedtherefor…/allher/hislife.13.---I’msorryheisn’thererightnow.14.---MayIhelpyou?15.---That’sverykindofyou.16.---Couldwegoscubadiving?17.---Couldyoutellushowlongwe’regoingtobeaway?18.---Let’strytofindsomeinformationaboutit,OK?19.---CouldyoupleasetellmehowtosearchtheInternet?20.---Gostraightalonghere.21.---PleasegotoGate12.22.---Pleasecomethisway.23.---CouldyoutellmewhatyouthinkaboutHainanIsland?24.---Thatsoundsreallycool!IV.重要语法1.宾语从句2.现在完成时3.一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较:【名师讲解】1.Maybe/maybe(1)maybe是副词,意思是“大概,也许”,常用作状语。Maybeyouputitinyourbag.也许你把它放在包里了。-4-“Willhecometomorrow?”“Maybenot.”“他明天来吗?”“也许不”。(2)maybe相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语,意思是“也许是…,可能是…”。Itmaybe9:00whentheyarrive.他们可能于九点到达。Themanmaybealawyer.那人也许是律师。2.borrow/lend/keep/use(1)borrow表示的是从别人那里借来东西,即我们通常所说的“借进来”。Weoftenborrowbooksfromourschoollibrary.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。Iborrowedthisdictionaryfrommyteacher.我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作,因此不能与时间段连用。Youcanborrowmyrecorderforthreedays.(错误)Ihaveborrowedthisbookforonlyoneweek.(错误)(2)lend表示的是把自己的东西借给别人,即我们通常所说的“借出去”。Thankyouforlendingmeyourbike.谢谢你把自行车借给我。Heoftenlendsmoneytohisbrother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。lend与borrow一样,也是一个瞬间完成的动作,不能与一段时间连用。(3)keep的意思也是“借”,但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段,是一段持续的时间,因此可以与时间段连用。Youcankeepmyrecorderforthreedays.我的录音机你可以借用三天。Ihavekeptthisbookforonlyoneweek.这本书我才刚借了一星期。(4)use也可以当“借用”讲,但它的本意是“用,使用”。MayIuseyourruler?我能借你的尺子用一下吗?Hehadtousethispublictelephone.他不得不使用这部公用电话。3.leave/leavefor(1)leave意思是“离开,留下”。WeleftShanghaitwoyearsago.我们两年前离开了上海。Helefthiscellphoneinthetaxilastweek.他上周把手机落在出租车里了。(2)leavefor意思是“前往”,表示要去的目的地。WewillleaveforTibetnextmonth.我们将于下月去西藏。ThetrainisleavingforMoscow.这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。4.since/for(1)since用于完成时态,既能用作介词,也能用作连词,后常接时间点,意思是“自从”。Hehasbeenaworkersincehecameintothiscity.自从他来到这个城市,他就是工人了。IhaveneverseenhimsincewelastmetinShanghai.自从我们上次在上海见过之后,我再也没见过他。since作连词,还有“既然”的意思。Sinceyouareinterestedinit,justdoit.既然你对它感兴趣,那就做吧。Youcanhavefunnowsinceyou’vefinishedyourwork.既然你已经做完了功课,就开心玩会儿吧。(2)for用于完成时,用作介词,后常接一段时间,意思是“经过…”。IhavelearnedEnglishforfiveyears.我已经学了五年英语了。Theyhavewaitedforyoufor30minutes.他们已经等了你三十分钟了。for也可以用作连词,但意思是“因为”。-5-Theymissedtheflightfortheywerelate.他们由于完到了而误了航班。Hefellillformanyreasons.他由于多种原因病倒了。9.except/besides(1)except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,可以理解为“撇开…不谈”,表示两部分的不同。Everyoneisexcitedexceptme.除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)AllthevisitorsareJapaneseexcepthim.除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)(2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,可以理解为“除之外…还、除之外…又”,表示两部分的相似性。Twenty-fivestudentswenttothecinemabesideshim.除他以外,还有25个学生去看了电影。(他和另外25人都去了)WelikebiologybesidesEnglish.除了英语外,我们还喜欢生物。(生物和英语都喜欢)besides还可用作副词,意思是“此外;而且”,常用于句首或句尾。Heisagreatthinker,andbesides,heisapolitician.他是一名伟大的思想家,除此以外,他还是一位政治家。Theyencouragedme,andtheysupportedmewithmoney,besides.他们不仅鼓励我,而且与我以金钱上的支持。10.keepdoing/keepondoing(1)keepdoing指的是连续地、坚持不断地做某事,中间不间断。Itkeptblowingforawholeday.刮了一整天风了。Thetemperaturekeepsdropping.温度持续下降。(2)keepondoing是指反复坚持做某事,但动作之间略有间隔。Theyhavekeptonwritingtoeachotherformanyyears.他们已经互相通信多年了。Afterdrinkingsomewater,hekeptontalking.喝了一些水后,他坚持讲话。11.seem/look(1)seem一般着重于以客观迹象为依据,意思是“似乎、好象、看起来…”。Thebabyseemstobehappy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。Heseemedtobesorryforthat.他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。seem能与todo结构连用,而look不能。Itseemstorain.似乎要下雨了。Theyseemedtohavefinishedtheirwork.他们似乎已经完成了工作。在it作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。Itseemsthatheisquitebusynow.他现在看起来很忙。Itseemstousthatthereisnothingseri