初中从句总结

初中从句总结一、重点知识讲解目录：A、中考必考点语法系统（9项）1、状语从句专题2、宾语从句专题3、非谓语动词专题4、动词不定数专题5、反意疑问句专题6、动词汇总专题7、被动语态专题8、主谓一致原则专题9、现在完成时态专题B、做题技巧专练（如何破解中考出题者设下的陷阱3项）10、中考完形填空专练11、中考动词应用专练12、中考阅读理解专练二、知识讲解：1.宾语从句：使用宾语从句应注意些什么一、注意引导词的正确选用用于引导宾语从句的词语有：1.连词that,whether,if等，其中that没有任何意义，也不能做句子的任何成分，在非正式的场合常被省略；whether,if虽然不做句子的任何成分，但是它们有一定的意义，不能省略whether,ifFO。2.连接代词what,which,who,whatever,whichever,whoever,whom,whose等，它们均有自己独立的意思，且在宾语从句中充当一定的句子成分(主语、宾语、定语等)。3.连接副词when,where,how,whenever,wherever,however等。4.短语连接词howmuch,howmany,howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar等。二、注意宾语从句的语序宾语从句跟其他从句一样，不管用什么样的引导词引导，宾语从句的语序总是用陈述语序。如：HeaskedwhereLiLeiwasthatmorning.他问李雷今天早晨在哪儿。Idon’tknowwhatsheisdoingnow.我不知道她现在在干什么。三、注意宾语从句的时态当主句为一般现在时的时候，从句可根据具体情况选用各种合适的时态；当主句为一般过去时的时候，从句必须要用相应的过去时。如：Doyouknowwhyhewaslatethismorning?你知道他今天早晨迟到的原因吗？Idon’tknowwhenhewillleaveforShanghai.我不知道他将什么时候去上海。Hesaidthathedidn’tseethefilmlastnight.他说他昨晚没看那场电影。但是，当宾语的内容表示一种永恒的客观事实或真理时，宾语从句须用一般现在时。如：Theteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsdowninthewest.老师告诉我们说，太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。Ourfatherssaidthatpracticemakesperfect.我们的父辈们说，熟能生巧。四、注意正确使用形式宾语当宾语从句后接有宾语的补足语时，则要用it做形式宾语置于宾语从句处，而将真正的宾语从句移到宾语补足语的后面。如：Doyouthinkitpossiblethathewillfinishhistaskintenminutes?你认为他在10分钟内完成任务可能吗？五、注意宾语从句的否定问题当否定宾语从句时，一般直接对从句的谓语动词进行否定。如：Iknowthathewon’ttellalietous.我知道他不会对我们说谎。Hesaidhehadn’tbeentoAmericabefore.他说他以前没有去过美国。他说他以前但是，当主句的谓语动词为think,believe,suppose,imagine等，若时态为一般现在时，谓语动词前又没有副词修饰时，宾语从句的否定应该转移到主句的谓语动词上。如：Idon’tthinkthathewillcometohelpustoday.我想他今天不会来帮我们的忙了。2.状语从句：状语从句。连词+主语+谓语+宾语修饰主句中的动词,形容词和副词,通常有从属连词引导,按其意义和作用可分为时间,地点,条件,原因,让步,目的,结果,方式,比较.等1.时间状语从句:1)常见连词有after,as,before,once,since,till,(not)until,when,whenever(nomatterwhen),while,aslongas,assoonasetc.2)nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely,barely)…when:刚做…就….3)还有immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond,everytimeetc2.地点状语从句:一般用whereorwherever引导3.条件状语从句:真实条件从句:if,unless,solongas,providedthat,supposingthat,onconditionthat,intheeventthat,incasethatetc4.原因状语从句:从属连词有because,as,since,for,now,that,inthat,seeingthat,consideringthat(鉴于,由于)5.让步状语从句:1):evenif,though,eventhough,while(尽管)nomatterwhat/how/which,however,whatever,whichever,howeveretc.2)由as引起的让步从句,语气较强烈,被强调的词须放在句首.3)whether…or,不管…或…6.结果状语从句:sothat,so…that,such…that7.目的状语从句:sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest,incase8.比较状语从句:1)as…as,notso/as…as2)比较级+than,somuch/alotmorethan3.定语从句：关系代词who只指人，which只指物。that既可指人又可指物。whose后必须跟有名词，既指人，也可指物。关系词作主语时，不可省略，作宾语时可省略。whom只指人，只作宾语。关系副词where指“在那里”，when指“在那时”。注意：1.引导定语从句的关系词有who,whom,whose,that,when,where,whyandwhich.在非限制定语从句中,只可用which,who,whose,where,when.,如果指代前面整个句子,多用which.2.当引导定语从句的先行词前有all,any,no,little,much,veryfirst等词,或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all,anything,nothing,something,everything时,从句的引导词只能用that.Sheisagirl(who/whom/that)Iknowverywell.Thatboywhosehairisverylongismybrother.(所属)Thegirlwhoistallismysister./Iownabikewhosepriceishigh.Iboughtawatch(which/that)Ipaid100yuanfor.（指物）Ipreferaplacewhich/thatiscleanandquiet.IpreferaplacewhereIcanliveaquietlife.（在这儿）Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenaboyhelpedmefindmydog.4.wish和hope:1wish可接todosth./sbtodosth./that从句.IwishtospendmysummerholidayinQingdao.中考专练宾语从句()1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake()2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen()3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are()4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay()5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled()6Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()7Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where()8Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()9Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe()10Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when()11Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow()12Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose()13.Pleasetellme______whatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked()14.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()15Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter状语从句()1Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if()2Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;until()3Iwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when()4He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.A.didn'tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;toC.doesn'tgo;before;withD.didn'tgo;until;to()5He___backuntilthework___done.A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is()6Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if()7Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto()8I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves()9Iwilltellhimt