写作训练--第五讲利用非谓语动词-提升写作档次

第五讲利用非谓语动词，提升写作档次众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。1．我为那事感到非常遗憾，开始考虑做些什么来帮一下。Ifeelquitesorryforthat.Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.→Feelingquitesorryforthat,Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.(现在分词作状语)2．另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，给我们学生提供一个练习英语口语的平台。Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner.ItwillprovideusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.→Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner,providingusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.(现在分词作状语)3．这儿的人都喜欢汤姆写的那本小说。Allthepeopleherelikethenovel.ItiswrittenbyTom.→AllthepeopleherelikethenovelwrittenbyTom.(过去分词作定语)4．我们应该多讲英语。我们认为这是很重要的。WeshouldspeakmoreEnglish.Wethinkitisveryimportant.→WethinkitveryimportanttospeakmoreEnglish.(it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语)5．我们应该如何提高我们的英语口语水平？这是个问题。HowshouldweimproveourspokenEnglish?Itisaquestion.→HowtoimproveourspokenEnglishisaquestion.(不定式短语作主语)→ThequestionishowtoimproveourspokenEnglish.(不定式短语作表语)用非谓语动词进行句型转换1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Itcarriesarticlesabouttheculturesoftheirhomecountries.Theyarewrittenbyforeignfriends.→Itcarriesarticleswrittenbyforeignfriendsabouttheculturesoftheirhomecountries.(过去分词作定语)2．(2015·湖南高考书面表达)Iwentbackhomeproudlythatafternoon.Ijumpedwithjoy.→Iwentbackhomeproudlythatafternoon,jumpingwithjoy.(现在分词作状语)3．Asheisencouragedbytheprogresshehasmade,heworksharder.→Encouragedbytheprogresshehasmade,heworksharder.(过去分词作状语)4．Theboysweremakingthemostoftime.Theywantedtofinishtheworkearlier.→Theboysweremakingthemostoftimetofinishtheworkearlier.(不定式作状语)5．Theboycametoschoollateagain.Thismadetheteacherveryangry.→Theboy’scomingtoschoollateagainmadetheteacherveryangry.(动名词作主语)用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，再把握好时态和语态即可，所以只需两步。[示例]第一步：写出复合句。(安徽高考书面表达)Sinceyouhaverealizedthatyourtimeislimited,you’llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.第二步：把since引导的原因状语从句转换为非谓语动词，realize与you之间为主谓关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。Havingrealizedthatyourtimeislimited，you’llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.其他几个转换的例子如下：1．Wecansetoutearlysothatwe’llhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.→Tohavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks,wecansetoutearly.2．(2015·广东高考书面表达)Ifitiscarriedoutcontinuously,itwillbenefitallofusgreatlyandwearesuretomakeobviousprogress.→Carriedoutcontinuously，itwillbenefitallofusgreatlyandwearesuretomakeobviousprogress.3．(2015·湖北高考书面表达)BecauseIthoughtthathissolutionmightbewrong,Icarefullyanalyzedtheproblemandtriedtoworkitoutinadifferentway.→Thinkingthathissolutionmightbewrong,Icarefullyanalyzedtheproblemandtriedtoworkitoutinadifferentway.用非谓语动词进行句型转换1．(山东高考书面表达)Whenwearefacedwithdifficulties,weneedfriendstogiveuscomfortandhelp.→Facedwithdifficulties，weneedfriendstogiveuscomfortandhelp.2．(安徽高考)WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→Seeingacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.3．(湖南高考)Afterwehadpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths,westronglydesiredtobethewinner.→Havingpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths,westronglydesiredtobethewinner.1．remaintobedone有待于被……◆Manyquestionshavetobesettledandmuchremainstobedoneinoureducationalwork.我们的教育工作中还有许多问题要解决，还有许多事情要去做。2．疑问词＋todo◆(江西高考书面表达)Toallofyou，freshstudents，howtoadaptyourselftothenewenvironmentisthefirstthingthatyouhavetoface.对你们所有新生来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是必须要面对的首要问题。3．连词when/while/once/unless/although…＋doing/done◆(湖南高考书面表达)Whensearchingforsomeinformation，wecanoperatebytouchingthescreen.当查找一些信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏来操作。4．easy/difficult…todo…◆Somebadhabitssuchassmokinganddrinkingaren’teasytogetridof.像吸烟、酗酒等一些坏习惯不容易改掉。5．prefertodo…ratherthando…/wouldratherdo…thando…/woulddo…ratherthando…宁愿做……,而不愿做……◆Nowadayssometeenagersprefertochatwithstrangersonlineratherthantalkwiththeirparentsfacetoface.如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。6．havingdone…已经……◆(江西高考单项填空)Havingspentnearlyallourmoney,wecouldn’taffordtostayatahotel.几乎把所有的钱都花完了，我们没有钱住宾馆了。7．bydoing…通过做……◆(2016·全国卷乙书面表达)Moreover,bydoingthepart­timejobIcangetsomepreciousexperiencesothatIcanbetteradapttothedevelopmentandchangesofsociety.而且，通过做兼职工作，我能获得一些宝贵的经验，以致于能更好地适应社会的发展和变化。8．onlytodosth.(表示出乎意料的结果)◆What’sworse，IfoundmyselfhavingafeverthismorningandIwenttotheclinicforimmediatetreatment,onlytobeadvisedtostayinbedforthreedays.糟糕的是，今天早晨我发现自己发烧，立刻去诊所治疗，结果被建议卧床休息三天。9．judgingby/from…根据……判断◆Judgingfromtheexpressiononherface，shemusthavenewsofgreatexcitementtotellus.从她脸上的神情看，她一定有非常令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。10．comparedwith/to…与……比较◆Thereisclearevidencethatchildrenwhotakemusiclessonsdevelopabettermemorycomparedwithchildrenwhohavenomusicaltraining.有明显的证据表明，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。11．besaid/reported/considered…todo…据说/报道/认为……◆Abusfullofpassengerswasreportedtohavegoneoutofcontrolonahighwaysouthofthecity.据报道，一辆满载乘客的公共汽车在市南的一条公路上失去了控制。12．with＋宾语＋宾语补足语◆Witheveryonerespectinghim，hedecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothecountry.大家都很尊敬他，他决定为国家做出巨大贡献。用非谓语动词完成句子1．人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhileeatingmooncakes,whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.2．随着太空技术的快速发展，我们一定会在将来某一天奔赴月球。Withspacetechnologydevelopingsorapidly,wearesuretomakeavisittothemoonsom