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1八年级上册英语知识点/单词/语法/词组Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?stayathome待在家里goonvacation去度假gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去海滩visitmuseums参观博物馆quiteafew相当多gotosummercamp去参观夏令营studyfor为……而学习goout出去mostofthetime大部分时间tastegood尝起来很好吃ofcourse当然haveagoodtime玩得高兴goshopping去购物feellike给…的感觉；感受到inthepast在过去walkaround四处走走becauseof因为onebowlof…一碗……thenextday第二天drinktea喝茶findout找出；查明goon继续takephotos照相somethingimportant重要的事upanddown上上下下comeup出来buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来……look+adj.看起来……nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有seem+（tobe）+adj.看起来……arrivein+大地点/arriveat+小地点到达某地decidetodosth.决定去做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事/forgettodosth.忘记做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事Whynotdo.sth.?为什么不做……呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于……tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事词语辨析：21.anywhere与somewhere两者都是不定副词。anywhere在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Ican’tfinditanywhere.somewhere在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.2.seem+形容词看起来…..Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事IseemtohaveacoldIseems/seemed+从句看起来好像…；似乎….Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike….好像，似乎…..Itseemslikeagodidea.3.decidetodosth.决定做某事Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4.startdoingsth=starttodosth.开始，可与begin互换。Hestarteddoinghishomework.但以下几种情况不能用begin.1)创办，开办：Hestartedanewbllkshoplastmonth.2)机器开动：Ican’tstartmycar.3)出发，动身：Iwillstarttomorrowmorning.5.over介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）=morethanMyfatherisover40yearsold.在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与under相反。Thereisamapovertheblackboard.超过：Ihearthenewsovertheradio.遍及：Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.6.toomany太多，后接可数名词复数：Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Don’ttalktoomuch.muchtoo太，修饰形容词或副词。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.You’rewalkingmuchtoofast.分辨三者的口诀：toomuch,muchtoo,用法区别看后头：much后接不可数，too后修饰形或副。toomany要记住，后面名词必复数。7.becauseof介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。Hecan’ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。Idon’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.3Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?helpwithhousework帮助做家务onweekends在周末howoften多久一次hardlyever几乎从不onceaweek每周一次twiceamonth每月两次everyday每天befree有空gotothemovies去看电影usetheInternet用互联网swingdance摇摆舞playtennis打网球stayuplate熬夜；睡得很晚atleast至少gotobedearly早点睡觉suchas比如；诸如avedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课playsports进行体育活动begoodfor对……有好处gocamping去野营not…atall一点儿也不……inone’sfreetime在某人的业余时间themostpopular最受欢迎的oldhabitsdiehard积习难改gotothedentist去看牙医mornthan多于；超过lessthan少于helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事Howabout…?......怎么样？/……好不好？Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？……有多少……?主语+find+that从句.……发现……bydoingsth.通过做某事spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事的……的。asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事What’syourfavorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式语法要点：Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Ialwaysexercise.Whatdotheydoonweekends?Theyoftenhelpwithhousework.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Shesometimesgoesshopping.Howoftendoyougotothemovies?Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.HowoftendoeshewatchTV?HehardlyeverwatchesTV.Doyougoshopping?No,Inevergoshopping.4词语辨析：1.howoften多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice,threetimes等词语。Howoftendoyouplaysports?Threetimesaweek.howlong多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。HowlongdoesittaketogettoShanghaifromhere?Howlongistheruler?howfor多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。Howfarisitfromheretothepark?It’sabout2kilometers.2.free空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy.befree有空，闲着，相当于havetime.I’llbefreenextweek.=I’llhavetimenextweek.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。befreetodosth.自由地做某事。Theticketsarefree.You’refreetogoortostay.3.Howcome？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why,但howcome开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。HowcomeTomdidn’tcometotheparty?=Whydidn’tTomcometotheparty?4.stayuplate指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don’tstayuplatenexttime.stayup指“熬夜，不睡觉”。Hestayedupallnighttowritehisstory.5.gotobed强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.gotosleep强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。Shewassotiredthatshewenttosleepsoon.6.find+宾语+名词,发现：Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：Hefoundtheroomdirty.find+宾语+现在分词，发现：Ifoundherstandingatthedoor.7.percent百分数，基数词+percent：percent没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Fortypercentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.Thirtypercentoftimepassed.8.morethan超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：lessthan.IlivedinShanghaiformorethan/overtenyears.9.afraid形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。I’mafraidwecan’tcomehereontime.beafraidofsb/sth害怕某人/某事；beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事。Somechildrenareafraidofthedark.Don’tbeafraidofaskingquestion.5I’mafraid+从句，恐怕，担心：I’mafraidIhavetogonow.10.sometimes,sometime,sometimes,sometime的区别：sometimes频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。SometimesIgetupveryearly.------Howoftendoyougetup?sometime副词，某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.------WhenwillyougotoShanghainextweek?sometimes名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time是可数名词，对它提问用howmanytimes.Ihavereadthestorysometimes.-------Howmanytimeshaveyoureadthestory?sometime名词短语，一段时间.表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用Howlong.I‘llstayhereforsometime.-----Howlongwillyoustayhere?Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.moreoutgoing更外向as…as…与……一样……thesingingcompetition唱歌比赛besimilarto与……相像的/类似的thesameas和……相同；与……一致bedifferentfrom与……不同careabout关心；