初中定语从句讲解

TheAttributiveClause定语从句定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词为例）例：ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk（喝醉的）.定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词：（如上例who/that）1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语从句which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。Themanwhoistalkingwithmyfatherisaboss.关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;whose然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主语宾语定语（谁的）人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhoseTheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.1).2),4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetrees(whichwereplantedlastyear.)TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isaw.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?注:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?2).在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.单项选择。1.Thisisthejob______theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark____builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman______atyesterday’smeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen4.Theman______ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.heB.whomC.whoseD.who5.Whatistheanimal______babyissleepinginitspocket?A.whoB.whoseC.itsD.whichACBDB6.Thisbookisforthestudents______motherlanguageisn’tEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whoseD.who’s7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!I’llshootanyone______moves!”A.whomB.thatC.whoD.whose8.Thedictionary_____hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.A.whichB.forwhichC.onwhichD.aboutwhich9Theboy_____parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.A.whoseB.whoC.hisD./10.Theman_______issmokingisabusdriver.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.whatCCAAB1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.asAcA定语从句练习4.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom5.Isthisfactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whichD./6.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.itBbB7.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all8._____cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho9.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.thisCCA定语从句练习10.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./11.Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethat_____writtenbyhim.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are12.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.heDCB定语从句练习13.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor14.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who15.Thefarm_____westayedlastweekisalovelyplaceforaholiday.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.atthatDDB定语从句练习16.Heisthemostcarefulboy_____Iknow.A.whatB.whichC.asD../17.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.A.inthatB.whenC.whereD.there18.Haveyouvisitedthehouse_____thefamousscientistwasborn?A.whereB.inthatC.thatD.whichDCA定语从句练习19.Thefactory_____Mr.Liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which20.Doyoustillremembertheday_____wefirstmet?A.thatB.whenC.whatD.onthatBB定语从句练习21.October1,1949ist