仁爱版英语上学期知识点汇总(九年级上册)2017-11-20卜小兵九年级上册(重点短语、句型和语法)Unit1TheChangingWorldTopic1Ourcountryhasdevelopedrapidly.【重点短语和句型】1.haveagoodsummerholiday暑假过得愉快2.comebackfrom从......回来3.have/hasbeento去过4.have/hasgoneto去了5.not...anymore再也不...6.takephotos照相7.bytheway顺便问一下8.takepartin参加9.around/allover/throughouttheworld全世界10.tellsb.somethingabout...告诉某人关于某事11.have/liveahappy/hardlife过着幸福/艰苦的生活12.describe...indetail详细描述13.givesupportto支持...14.see...oneself亲眼看见15.keepintouchwith与...保持联系16.faraway遥远的17.kinds/sortsof各种各样的...18.notonly...butalso不仅...而且...19.makeprogress取得进步20.morethan/over多于21.develop/improverapidly迅速发展/改善22.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(别)做某事23.asksb.(not)todosth.要求某人(别)做某事24.inordertodosth.为了做某事25.havetodosth.不得不做某事26.It's+形容词+forsb.todosth.对于某人来说做某事是...的27.whynotdosth.为什么不做某事28.succeed/besuccessfulindoingsth.成功地做某事29.dreamaboutdoingsth.梦想做某事30.see/hearsb.do/doingsth.看见/听见某人做/正在做某事【重点语法】现在完成时一.现在完成时的基本结构肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)二.现在完成时的用法1.现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。Ihavealreadypostedthephoto.我已经邮寄出了照片。与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句句中),yet(否定句/疑问句句尾),just,before,recently,still,lately,never等。2.现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。Hehaslivedheresince1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。)此种用法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。谓语动词必须是延续性动词。有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:goout----beoutfinish----beoveropen----beopendie----bedeadbuy---havefallill---beillcomeback----bebackcatchacold----haveacoldTopic2Thepopulationindevelopingcountriesisgrowingfaster.【重点短语和句型】1.getlost迷路2.acoupleof一些,几个3.withthedevelopmentof随着...的发展4.withthehelpof...在...的帮助下5.oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词复数其中之一/最...的其中之一6.eachother互相7.call/ringsb.up给某人打电话8.atleast至少9.sth.happentosb.某人发生某事10.Whathappenedtosb?某人发生某事?11.takeplace发生12.becauseof因为,由于13.bestrictwithsb./insth.对某人/某事严格要求14.carryout执行15.thousands/millions/hundredsof成千上万/无数的/成百上千...16.twothousand/million/hundred两千/百万/百(具体数字后面不加s)17.halfof...一半...18.twothirds三分之二19.beshortof短缺...20.sofar到目前为止21.beknown/famousfor因...而闻名22.beknown/famousas作为...而闻名23.thanksto幸亏...24.havealongwaytogo有很长的路要走25.atowncalled...一个叫做...的镇26.fewerthan/lessthan少于27.placesofinterest名胜古迹28.beinterestedin对...感兴趣29.suchas例如...30.look/smell/sound/feel/taste+形容词看/闻/听/摸/尝起来...31.sucha/an+形容词+sb./sth如此...的人/物32.takesb.tosp带某人去某地33.keepupwith赶上34.havefundoingsth.做某事很愉快35.haveapopulationof...有...的人口36.What'sthepopulationof...?...有多少人口?37.wanttodosth.想要做某事38.hatetodosth讨厌做某事39.takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事40.have(no)chance/timetodosth.有机会/时间做某事41.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事42.beusedtodosth.被用来做某事43.be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事44.workwellindoingsth.在...方面起到显著作用【重点语法】常用于现在完成时的时间状语:already,just,yet,ever,never,recently.e.g.1.Ihavejustcalledyou.2.——HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?——No,I’veneverbeentoanyEuropeancountries.3.——Haveyouseenhimyet?——Yes,Ihaveseenhimalready.Topic3Theworldhaschangedforthebetter.【重点短语】1.withthemoney用这些钱2.sothat为了,以致于3.so...that...如此...以致于...4.infact/asamatteroffact事实上5.comeforavisit来参观6.inneed在困难时7.decideonsth.决定某事8.providesth.forsb./providesb.withsth.为某人提供某物9.feelgoodabout...对...有信心10lendsth.tosb/lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人11.borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物12.atthesametime与此同时13.talkonthephone在电话中交谈14.takedrugs吸毒15.payfor付款16.buysth.forsb.给某人买某物17.athomeandabroad在国内外18.sendsb.tosp.送某人去某地19.sendforsb.派人去请某人20.aimtodosth.目的是做某事21.decide(not)todosth.决定(不)做某事22.finishdoing结束做某事23.Howdoyoulike.../Whatdoyouthinkof...?你觉得...怎么样?24.sb.spendst.indoingsth=Ittakessb.st.todosth.某人花费...时间做某事25.sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.=sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人花费...钱买某物26.so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语表示后者情况与前者一样(表肯定)neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语表示后者情况与前者一样(表否定)27.so+主语+/be/助动词/情态动词表示的确如此【重点语法】1.现在完成时:常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在。e.g.YouhavebeeninNewYorkforalongtime.ThecityhasimprovedalotsinceIcamehereafewyearsago.2.构词法:合成词:home+work=homework派生词:use——useful,happy——unhappyUnit2SavingtheEarthTopic1Populationcausestoomanyproblems.【重点短语】1.chemicalfactory化工厂2.pour…into…把……排放到……3.inabadmood处在不好的情绪中4.managetodosth.设法去做某事5.doharmto…/beharmfulto…对……有害6.quiteafew相当多7.nobetterthan同…….一样差8.inpubic公开地9.allsortsof各种各样的10.inmanyways在许多方面【重点句型】1.Look,thereareseveralchemicalfactoriespouringwastewaterintothestreams.看,有几家化工厂正往河里排放废水。2.Everythinghaschanged.一切已发生了变化。3.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?你像这样多长时间了?4.I’malwaysinabadmoodbecauseIcan’tstandtheenvironmenthere.我的情绪总是很差因为我受不了这里的环境。5.However,notallpeopleknowthatnoiseisalsoakindofpollutionandisharmfultohumans’health.然而,并非所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染,而且有害于人类健康。【重点语法】直接引语和间接引语1.Grannysaid,“I’mfeelingevenworse.”Grannysaidthatshewasfeelingevenworse.2.“Doyoustillwanttolivehere,Granny?”thejournalistasked.ThejournalistaskedGrannyifshestillwantedtolivethere.3.“Howistheenvironmentaroundthisplace?”thejournalistasked.Thejournalistaskedhowtheenvironmentaroundthatplacewas.Topic2Alltheseproblemsareveryserious.【重点短语】1.asaresult结果2.hereandthere到处3.inthebeginning一开始4.indanger处于危险中5.cutdown砍倒6.changesth.intosth.把……变成……7.preventfrom防止8.greenhouseeffect温室效应9.referto提到10.dea