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指人或事物的名称的词．名词名词专有名词：特定的人，地点等．（首字母大写）例：NewYork,YaoMing普通名词可数名词不可数名词能够以数计算的事物的名词不能以数计算的事物的名词单数名词复数名词？例：液体，气体等。milk,water,air…例：pen,student,flowers…普通名词：指一般的人，事物等.例：apple,pen,doctor金木水火土，肉面食茶布可数名词的单数变复数(规则变化）1.直接在名词后加～seg:cake---cakes,leg---legs2.在以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词后加～eseg.dish-dishes,watch-watches,box---boxes3.以o结尾的名词,无生命：+sphotos,有生命：+eseg.heroes,tomatoes,potatoes英雄爱吃西红柿土豆可数名词的单数变复数（规则变化）４.以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，把y改为i再加～es：eg.city---cities,family---families5.以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v再加～eseg.leaf-leaves,knife-knives,wife-wives巧记以f或fe结尾的名称树叶半数自己黄妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼就像盗贼逃命亡leafhalfselfwifeknifeshelfwolfthieflife1.单复数同形的名词：中国人，日本人都非常喜欢绵羊，鱼和鹿．ChineseJapanesesheepfishdeer可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）2.单复数不同形（特殊名词的变化）：1)改变中间元音foot—feettooth—teethgoose—geeseman—menwoman—womenmouse-mice2)词尾加-en或-renchild—childrenox—oxen可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）名词单数变复数的发音规则情况构成方法读音规则例词一般情况词尾加-s(1)清辅后读/s//p/,/k/,/t/,/f/等maps,books,boats(2)在元浊音后读/z/birds,bags,names,pens,cars,trees以-s,-sh,-ch,-x结尾的名词词尾加-es读/iz/buses,watches,wishes,boxes以-o结尾的名词词尾加-s或-es读/z/radios,kangaroos,heroes,potatoes以-y结尾的名词(1)以辅+y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es读/iz/cities,babies(2)以元+y结尾的名词，加s读/z/days,boys,toys以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v，再加es读/vz/knives,leaves名词单数变复数的发音规则写出下列各词的复数形式：tomato,city,boy,radio,leaf,fly,photo,mouse,box,wife,Sunday,class,Chinese,zoo,exam,German,sheep,fish,beach,wish,glass,leaf,student,deer,baby,potato名词中表示所有关系的形式所有格的构成方式1.名词+’s表示有生命的东西2.名词+of+名词表示没有生命的东西’s所有格１．名词的单数+’s，eg：Mary’sletter,thegirl’sstory2.复数名词所有格（1）以-s或-es结尾，+’eg：thetwins’bedroomthestudents’books（2）不以-s或-es结尾，所有格+’seg：achildren’sbook(儿童读物)themen’sshoes3.两个人共有一样物品时，只在后面一个名词后加’s。eg：LucyandLily’sbook４．各自都有物品时，它的所有格是在两个名词后分别都加上’s。eg：Lucy’sandLily’sbooks’s所有格由of+名词构成的所有格由of+名词构成的所有格通常用来表示无生命的东西的所有关系。eg：thefourlegsofadeskamapofChinathecapitalofAmericaExercises用所给名词的适当形式填空:1.Arethereany(peach)onthetable?2.Theyaresomeyoung(woman).3.The(child)areplayinginthegarden.4.Some(goose)areswimmingintheriver.5.Wouldyoulikesome_________________(fish)?6.Howmany______________(radio)canyouseeonthebookcase?7.Arethereany______________(boy)inthelibrary?8.Onepolicemancaughtthree________________(thief)yesterday.peacheswomenchildrengeesefishchildrenboysthievesExercises请用is/are填空．1.Theresomewaterinthebottle.2.Thereanorangeonthetable.3.There__________manyfishinthepool.4.There________someleavesontheground.isisareareExercises请用Howmuch/Howmany填空．1.____________juicedoyouwant?2._____________bottlesofjuicedoyouwant?3._________________peoplearethereinyourfamily?4.________________pencilsdoyouhave?5._________________mutton羊肉isthereinthefridge?HowmuchHowmanyHowmanyHowmanyHowmuch名词所有格练习Translatethesephasebelow.教室的窗户美国的首都桌子的四条腿学校的大门老师们的办公室男人们的衣服Linda的课本Peter和Bill的爸爸奶奶的眼镜Lucy’smotherandLily’smotherteachersofourschoolthefootofthehill