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Lesson68Persistent[pə'sistənt]persistent[pə’sistənt]a.坚持不懈的,固执的;持续的,持久的Thepersistentrainwilldoharmtohisweakknees.Hewasapersistentthief.•★persistentadj.•1).(人、行为)不屈不挠的，执拗的，顽固的•坚持不懈的努力•persistentefforts•他追问到底•Hewaspersistentinhisquestion.•2).(事物)持久的，不断的，•lasting持久的，恒久的•持续降雨•persistentrain•持久性污染物•persistentpollutant•★persistv.•persistinsth./doing…坚持，执意.•Doeshealwayspersistinhisopinionlikethat?•他坚持相信自己是对的•Hepersistsinbelievingthatheisright.•★persistencen.[U]坚持不懈，执意，持续•Hispersistencetouchesme.•他的坚持不懈打动了我。avoid[ə'vɔid]vt.1.避开,躲开Iavoidedhimasmuchaspossible.我尽量避开他。2.避免avoid+n./+doingNoonecanavoidmakingmistakeswhilelearningaforeignlanguage.•★avoidv.避开，躲避，避免，预防•avoiddoing•汽车向左拐以避免碰撞。•Thecarturnedtothelefttoavoidacollision.[kə'lɪʒn]碰撞；冲突•尝试避免高峰时间驾车•Trytoavoiddrivinginrushhours.insistvt.坚持;坚决认为;坚决主张;坚决要求[+(that)]Heinsistedthatwe(should)acceptthesegifts.vi.坚持,坚决认为;强调坚决主张;一定要[(+on/upon)]Iinsistonseeingit.我一定要见到它•★insistv.•insistonsth./doing•Iinsistonyourcomingwithus•insistthatsbshoulddo坚持要•Iinsistthatyoushouldgowithus•insistthat+陈述句坚持认为，坚持说•她坚持认为自己是无辜的。•Sheinsistedthatshewasinnocent•['ɪnəsnt]清白的；无害的；无辜的•TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamel（1）insiston是不及物动词用法,要接名词短语,（2）insist(that)是及物动词用法,要接从句.例句：（1）Johninsistedonpayingforlunchtoday.（2）JohninsistedthatIlethimpayforlunchtoday.（3）Johninsistedthatheshouldpayforlunchtoday.insist接宾语从句时1）坚持认为、坚决主张，宾语从句要用虚拟语气，insistthatsb.(should)dosth.2)坚持说，宾语从句部分该用什么时态就用什么时态•persist坚持（不顾阻拦一味的坚持）•persistindoingsthShepersistedinreadinghispoems.•insist坚持（认为，说，是人的一种态度）•insistondoingsthIinsistedoncallingdoctor.persistencen.坚持，固执，顽固；持续性，持久Herpersistenceandpassionhavehelpedtheteamtocompletethedifficulttask.★区别insiston,persistin,stickto,keeponinsiston坚持要求，认为（要求，看法，主张意见）persistin顽强地坚持；执着地做Heinsistedonplayinggolf.Hepersistinpracticinggolf.stickto坚持不放弃愿望、原则、决定、诺言理想.Hepromisedtohelpusandhestucktohisword.他答应帮助我们，他没有失信。Sticktoit！坚持住keepon继续•动名词的应用•1.动名词做动词宾语•avoid,enjoy,deny,fancy,admit,appreciate,complete,delay,finish,mind,stand,practice,resent,risk,suggest•Hedeniedhavingdoneanysuchthing.•他否认做过那种事•Iwouldappreciatereceivingacopyofthebook.•如蒙赐赠该书,不胜感激•Hedelayedtellingherthenews,waitingfortherightmoment•他没有马上把消息告诉她，等有了适当的时会在说•Wouldyourwiferesentmybeingwithyouhere?•你太太会不会气我跟你在这儿?•I'mwillingtorisklosingeverything.•我愿意冒失去一切的危险•2.固定搭配•It’snousedoing…做某事是没用的•It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收•It’s(not)worthdoing…•bebusydoing•3.动名词的逻辑主语表达方式•Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?•你能开下窗子吗？•Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?•你介意我打开窗子吗？•Fancyherwritingaletterlikethat.•真想不到她写了那样一封信。•4.现在分词与动名词的比较•现在分词形容词•动名词名词•Stayawayfromrunningwater.•（runningadj.流动的flowing，作定语）•Ienjoyrunning.•（runningn.跑步，做宾语）•Iadmirethewomanfinishingthereport.•（现在分词短语finishingthereport依然是形容词）我赞赏“完成报告的”那位女士•Iadmirethewoman’sfinishingthereport•我赞赏“那位女士”完成这份报告pretend[pri’tend]v.1.佯装;假装;2.(尤指孩子)(在游戏中)假扮;装作pretendtodostha.假装的;假想的prevent[pri'vent]vt.防止,预防;阻止;制止;妨碍Whopreventstheirplansfrombeingcarriedout?谁阻止他们的计划不让实施?prevent…fromdoingsthpractice:•根据所给汉语，按正确形式填空：•He_______(坚持)thathedoesthatworkalone.•TheteachertellsusthatlearningEnglishmustbe__________(坚持的).•Shetriedto__________(逃避)answeringmyquestions.•Shewasn’treallycrying;shewasonly___________(假装).•Whatcanwedoto__________(阻止)thediseasespreading?insistspersistentavoidpretendingprevent•persistent[pə'sistənt]adj.坚持的，固执的•avoid[ə'vɔid]v.避开•insist[in'sist]v.坚持做•fancy['fænsi]v.想象，幻想•cross[krɔ:s]v.穿过•pretend[pri'tend]v.假装•prevent[pri'vent]v.阻止•follow['fɔləu]v.跟随•NigelDykes[‘naidʒəl][daik]尼格尔·戴克斯•dentist[‘dentɪist]n.牙医•Elizabeth[i'lizəbəθ]n.伊莉莎白•WhydidElizabethcrossthestreet?questions:WhatdoesNigelalwaysinsistondoing?WhydidElizabethtellNigelthatshewasgoingtothedentist?Icrossedthestreettoavoidmeetinghim,buthesawmeandcamerunningtowardsme.crossv.穿过Icrossthegarden.acrossadv.&prep.穿过Igoacrossthegarden.avoiddoingsth.避免……Theymanagedtoavoidacarcrash/crashingtheircarintothewall.他们设法躲过了一起汽车撞车事故／避免了将车撞在墙上。comerunningtowardssb.向某人跑过来runningtowardsme是现在分词短语,作状语,修饰came,表示伴随状况.一样情况如:goswimmingSheranafterthethiefshoutingoutforhelp.她一边追赶小偷，一边大声喊叫求助。ItwasnousepretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.wavetosb向某人招手Itisnousecryingoverthespilledmilk覆水难收It是形式主语,真正的主语是动名词短语pretendingthatIhadnotseenhim…假装没看到他是没用了…Itis/wasnousedoingsth做某事是无用的Itis(of)nouseworryingaboutyourfamily.Itisnousepunishinghim.IneverenjoymeetingNigelDykes.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做……appreciatesth./doingsth.喜欢做……Heneverhasanythingtodo.用不定式做定语,修饰anything，不定式放在不定代词后面anythingtodosth.任何要做的事anythingtoeatsth.可以吃的东西；anythingtodrink可以喝的东西Nomatterhowbusyyouare,healwaysinsistsoncomingwithyou.Nomatter可以和疑问词（how,who,when,where,what等)一起引导让步从句，表示“无论”。--Nomatterwhereyougo,youcan’tforgetyourhome.无论你到哪里，都无法忘记自己的家。NomatterwhatIsay,Iseemtosaythewrongthing.无论我说什么，都似乎说得不当。•Nomatterhowoldyouare,…•Nomatterwhereyouare,…•Nomatterwhoyouare,…•Nomatterhowtiredyouare,yourchildreninsistedonlisteningtostories.•insistondoingsth.坚持做……•我让他工作之后不论多晚都向我汇报。•Itoldhimtoreporttomeafterthejob,nomatterhowlateitwas.Ihadtothinkofawayofpreventinghimfromfollowingmearoundallmorning.thinkofawayofdoingsth.想一个做某事的方法thinkofawayofsolv