the-secret-garden-秘密花园课件

I.AnintroductionII.TheauthorIII.BackgroundIV.MajorcharactersV.PlotsummaryVI.Majorthemes6、MajorthemesI.AnintroductionTheSecretGardenisanovelbyFrancesHodgsonBurnett.Itwasfirstpublishedin1911.ItisnowoneofBurnett'smostpopularnovels,andisconsideredtobeaclassicofEnglishchildren'sliterature.Severalstageandfilmadaptationshavebeenproduced.II.TheauthorFrancesHodgsonBurnettBornFrancesElizaHodgson24November1849EnglandDied29October1924(aged74)UnitedStatesChildrenShehadtwoboys.FrancesElizaHodgsonBurnettwasanEnglishplaywrightandauthor.Sheisbestknownforherchildren'sstories,inparticularLittleLordFauntleroy《方特勒罗伊小爵爷》(publishedin1885-6),ALittlePrincess(1905),andTheSecretGarden(1911).FrancesElizaHodgsonwasborninCheetham,England.Afterherfatherdiedin1852,thefamilyfellonstraitenedcircumstancesandin1865immigratedtotheUnitedStates,settlingnearKnoxville,Tennessee.ThereFrancesbeganwritingtohelpearnmoneyforthefamily,publishingstoriesinmagazinesfromtheageof19.In1870hermotherdied,andin1872FrancesmarriedSwanBurnett,whobecameamedicaldoctor.III.ThebackgroundTheBurnettslivedfortwoyearsinParis,wheretheirtwosonswereborn,beforereturningtotheUnitedStatestoliveinWashington,D.C.,Burnettthenbegantowritenovels.Beginninginthe1880s,shebegantotraveltoEnglandfrequentlyandinthe1890sboughtahometherewhereshewroteTheSecretGarden.Fromthemid-1890sshelivedinEnglandatGreatMaythamHall—whichhadalargegardenwheresheindulgedherloveforflowers—whereshemadeherhomeforthenextdecade,althoughshecontinuedannualtransatlantictripstotheUnitedStates.MaythamHallresembledafeudalmanorhousewhichenchantedBurnett.In1907,shereturnedpermanentlytotheUnitedStates,havingbecomeacitizenin1905,andshebuiltahome,completedin1908,inthePlandomeParksectionofPlandomeManoronLongIslandoutsideNewYorkCity.HersonVivianwasemployedinthepublishingbusinessandathisrequestsheagreedtobeeditorforChildren'sMagazine.OverthenextseveralyearsshehadpublishedinChildren'sMagazineanumberofshorterworks.In1911shehadTheSecretGardenpublished.IV.MaincharactersMary:spoiltandwithatemper,sheisunaffectionate,angry,rudeandobstinate.Dickonhasasoftwaywithanimalsandagoodnature.Eagertoabsorbhisgardeningknowledge,Maryletshimintothesecretofthegarden,whichheagreestokeep.Colin:heisthesonofheruncle;hismotherdiedwhenhewasababy,andhesuffersfromanunspecifiedproblemwithhisspine.MaryLennoxisatroubled,sickly,andunloved10-year-oldgirlborninIndiatoselfish,wealthyBritishparents.Sheisprimarilycaredforbyservants,whopacifyherasmuchaspossibletokeepheroutofherparents'way.Shegrowsintoaspoiledandselfishgirl.Eventually,thereisacholeraepidemicinIndiawhichkillsMary'sparentsandalltheservants.Maryisdiscoveredalivebutaloneintheemptyhouse.ShebrieflyliveswithanEnglishclergymanandhisfamilyandisthensenttoYorkshire,England,tolivewithArchibaldCraven,anuncleshehasnevermet,athishomecalledMisselthwaiteManor.PlotsummaryAtfirst,Maryisherusualself,sourandrude,dislikingheruncle'slargehouse,thepeoplewithinit,and,mostofall,thevaststretchofmoor,whichseemsscrubby穷酸,andgreyafterthewinter.Sheistoldthatshemuststayconfinedtohertworoomsandkeepherselfamusedwithoutmuchattention.MarthaSowerby,agood-naturedmaid,tellsMaryastoryofthelateMrs.Cravenandhowshewouldspendhoursinaprivatewalledgardengrowingroses.Mrs.Cravenfelltoherdeathwhenatreebranchgavewaybeneathher,andthedevastatedMr.Cravenlockedthegardenandburiedthekey.Maryispiqued刺激bythisstoryandherillmannerbeginstosoften.Soon,shecomestoenjoythecompanyofMartha,BenWeatherstaff,thegardener,andafriendlyrobinredbreastwhomsheassignsahumanpersonality.Herappetiteincreasesandshegrowsstrongerassheplaysbyherselfonthemoor.Martha'smotherbuysMaryaskippingropetoencouragethis,andMarytakestoitimmediately.Maryoccupieshertimewonderingaboutboththesecretgardenandthecriesshehearsatnight.Theservantsclaimnottohearthecries.AsMaryisexploringtheperipheryofthegardens,herrobinfrienddrawsherattentiontoanareaofturned-oversoil.Maryfindsthekeytothelockedgarden,andeventuallythedoortothegarden.SheasksMarthaforgardentools,whichMarthasendswithDickon,hertwelve-year-oldbrother.MaryandDickontakealikingtoeachother,asDickonhasakindwaywithanimalsandagoodnature.Eagertoabsorbhisgardeningknowledge,Maryletshiminonthesecretofthegarden.Thatnight,Maryhearsthecryingagain.Shefollowsthenoiseand,tohersurprise,findsasmallboyheragelivinginahiddenbedroom.HisnameisColin.Shesoondiscoversthattheyarecousins:heisthesonofheruncle,hismotherdiedwhenhewasababy,andhesuffersfromanunspecifiedspinalproblem.Maryvisitseverydaythatweek,distractinghimfromhistroubleswithstoriesofthemoor,Dickonandhisanimals,andthegarden.Maryfinallyadmitsshehasaccesstothesecretgarden,andtheydecideColinneedsfreshair.Colinisputintohiswheelchairandbroughtoutsideintothegarden,thefirsttimehehasbeenoutdoorsinyears.Whileinthegarden,thechildrenaresurprisedtoseeBenWeatherstafflookingoverthewallonaladder.StartledandangrytofindthechildrenthereinColin'smother'sgarden,headmitshebelievedColintobeacripple.Colinstandsupfromhischairandfindsthathislegsarefine,thoughweakfromdisuseforsolong.Colinspendseverydayinthegarden.ThechildrenconspiretokeepColi