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XX实验高中2014-2015高一上学期英语初高中衔接导学案编写人：XX审核人：xx2014-8-26班级___________姓名____________1英语词性的分类及用法Learningcontent:theclassificationanduseofEnglishwords(英语词性的分类及用法)Learningaims:Knowthedifferentpartsofspeech(词性)andbeabletousethemcorrectly.【考一考】用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.LiNaisanoutstandingtennis_______(play).2.Annahadafeveryesterday,soshewas_______(able)togotoschool.3.Themoviewasinteresting,butGracewasnot_______(interest)init.4.Thankstoyour_______(suggest),Igottocompletethejobintime.5.Itisalways_______(sun)hereinwinter.6.Emilyusedtobeshort,butnowsheismuch______(tall).7.IwassohungrythatIhada______(three)bowlofrice.8.Wecan’tgoouttohaveapicnicbecauseitisraining_______(heavy)outside.9.JustinBieber’sfirstsingle,OneTime,isaboutoneofhisfavorite_______(topic),puppylove.10.NiushouHillisanareaofnatural_________(beautiful).Itattractslotsoftouristseveryspring.【讲一讲】概述英语的词类英语的词类通常可以分为十大类：1名词n.teacher,book。表示人或事物的名称。2代词pron.we,me,he等。代替名词或数词。3数词num.two,fifth等。表示数目或顺序4动词v.work,study,live等。表示动作或状态在句中可做谓语。5形容词adj.good,big,beautiful等。表示人或事物的性质或状态，6副词adv.fast,quickly表示动作特征或形状特征7冠词art.a,an,the表示名词的泛指或特指8介词prep.In,on,by,with9连词conj.and,if,but连接词，短语，句子10感叹词interj.Oh,ah，MyGod!表示说话者的感情或口气一、名词（一）名词的分类名词专有名词人名，地名，机构名China，London，Helen普通名词个体名词cup,apple,student可数名词集体名词Police,family,team物质名词water,rice,cotton不可数名词抽象名词Love,work,success（二）名词复数的变化规则变化：(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”:如：dog–dogsbook–books(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”：box–boxeswatch–watches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”:country–countriesfactory–factoriesdictionary—dictionaries(4)以o结尾的名词加“s”:有生命的物体加“es”:potato–potatoestomato–tomatoeshero---heroes英雄Negro—Negroes黑人(5)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”:half–halvesshelf–shelvesknife–knivesleaf–leaves复数的不规则变化：man--menwoman—womentooth—teethfoot—feetgoose—geesemouse—miceChinese-ChineseJapanese–Japanesedeer-deerfish-fishsheep-sheepamandoctor—mendoctorsawomanteacher--womenteachers注意：German---Germans(德国人)（三）名词的句法功能1在句中作主语Thisbookisveryuseful.2作表语Mybrotherisaworker.3作宾语或宾语补足语WemadeTomourmonitor.4作定语Hegotthreegoldmedalsat23rdOlympicGames.5作状语Themeetinglastedtwohours.6作同位语Mr.Smith,ourleader,isspeakingnow.【练一练】用所给的名词的适当形式填空1.Agroupof_____(sheep)areeating_____(grass)and______(leaf)atthefootofthehill.2.Thereareafew______________(people)intheroom.3.Iwanttwo______________(glass)of______________(milk).4.Ihavealotof______________(money)inmypocket.5.Peoplewearshoesontheir______________(foot).6.The______________(woman)teachersareplayingbasketball.7.Thefirstroomisthe______________(teacher)office.8.Those______________(child)areplayingfootballoutside.9.Thedoctorhassavedalotof______________(life).10.Therearefive______________(pear)treesintheyard.11.Thisisn’tmybook,butmy______________(brother).12.Therearesome______________(sheep)inthefield.二.代词（一）．含义：用来代替名词或名词短语的词。（二）．分类：按意义特征和语法功能可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词等9类。（三）.分类讲解：1.人称代词：形式主语Iyouhesheitweyou（你们）they宾语meyouhimheritusyou（你们）them2.物主代词的用法：形容词性的物主代词：myouryouryourhisheritstheirs名词性的物主代词：mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs3.指示代词：thisthesethatthoseitXX实验高中2014-2015高一上学期英语初高中衔接导学案编写人：XX审核人：xx2014-8-26班级___________姓名____________24.不定代词只修饰可数名词:many,anumberoffew,afew只修饰不可数名词:much,little,alittle修饰可数名词、不可数名词:alotof=lotsofsomeany复合不定代词由every,some,any,no与thing,body,one构成复合不定代词5.反身代词：反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分：表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。单数：myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数：Ourselvesyourselvesthemselves6、疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：Whoisgoingtocomeheretomorrow?（作主语）Whatisthat?(作表语)7..关系代词关系代词是引导定语从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有who,whose,whom,that,which.例如：Ihatepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.I’mlookingatthephotographwhichyousentmewithyourletter.【练一练】用适当的代词填空1.Shehaslost_______pen.Willyoulendher_______?2.----Excuse_______!Isthisbikeyours?----No,itisn’t_______.IthinkitisLiLei.----Yes,it’s_______.3.Theyhavegot______________readyforthefootballmatch.4.Lilylooksunhappy.______________musthavehappenedtoher.5.There’s______________timeleft.Wemusthurry.6.How______________didyoupayforthetrousers?7.“Help_______tosomefruit.”Mothersaidtothechildren.8.Theyenjoyed_______atthepartyyesterday.9.Wecouldn’teatinarestaurantbecause___ofushad____moneyonus.10.I’dbeenexpecting___lettersthewholemorning,butthereweren’t__forme.三.介词（一）.含义：又称前置词，是一种虚词。介词不能单独做句子成分。介词后须接宾语，介词与其宾语构成介词短语。（二）：介词的分类：从其构成来看可以分为1、简单介词（Simpleprepositions）如：at,by,for,in,from,since,through等；2、复合介词（Compoundprepositions）如：onto,outof,without,towards等；3、短语介词（phrasalprepositions）becauseof,insteadof,onaccountof,inspiteof,infrontof；（三）常见介词的基本用法1、with和……一起,拿着2、about关于3、after在……之后4、across横过5.along沿着6、in在……里on在……上面under在……下面7、near在……附近8、of……的9、before在……之前10、behind在……后面11、by到……时12、during在……期间13、except除了14、for为了15、from从16、to,at朝……方向17、over在……正上方18、round/around围绕19、towards朝着20、against反对【练一练】用适当的介词填空1.Youcanbuysomeschoolthings____yourwayhome.2.Whatareyoutalking____?3.Eatingtoomuchisn'tgood____yourhealth.4.Idon'tknowwhichistheway____thepark.5.Heprefersplayingfootball____playingbasketball.6.____MrWang'shelp,Ihavepassedtheexam.7.Thestudentswalked____thegateswithUncleWang.8.I'msorry．Iwon'ttalktoothersinclass____nowon.9.I