GIS支持下的大中型超市选址研究——以福州金山新区为例

华侨大学硕士学位论文GIS支持下的大中型超市选址研究——以福州金山新区为例姓名：李燕燕申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：吕庆华200905012009GISIGIS2060GISGISGISIIGIS771200100042GISGIS2009GISIIIAbstractAsanuprisingmethodofworldretailingindustry,supermarketbecomesmoreandmorepopularinChina.Ithasbecomethemostimportanteconomicgrowthpointofthebusinessinthewholecountry.ThefunctionsandpatternsofsupermarketsinChinaaredevelopingfasterthananyothercountriesintheworld.AfterjoiningtheWTO,thecompetitioninthesamebusinessaswellaswithotherpatternsofretailindustryisbecomingmoreandmorefurious.Supermarketisalsocalledthe“LocatingIndustry”,Withthemarketenvironmentoffuriouscompetition,thelocatingatthebeginningisveryimportanttothesurviveanddevelopmentofChina’ssupermarkets.Ithasmuchtodowiththeprospectofsupermarketsandisthekeytosuccess.SincetheintroductionofGIStechnologyinthe1960s,ithasbeenusingwidelyinmanydomains.Especiallyit’sfunctionofspatialanalysissuitstourbanplanning.Itcanmeetthedemandoftechnologysupportintheanalysisonthelocatingofsupermarketandmakesthemodelofgeographicalanalysisbasedonthespacesimpleandpractical.Thelocatingofsupermarketsisaverycomplexandcomprehensivebusinessdecision-makingprocess.Itcallsforqualitativeanalysisandquantitativeanalysis.Thisarticleistoputforwardasolutiontothelocatingproblemthroughstudiesontheimportantelementsofthelocatingofsupermarkets,thatiswiththehelpofGISsoftware,todecidethetargetoflocatingsupermarketandsetupamodeloflocatingandsettletheproblemsoflocatingdirectlyandclearlywithavisiblemethod.Inthisarticle,Igotthespatialdistributionmapofpopulationdensitybyspatialinterpolation,inwhichthepopulationdataaredistributedonthegrids.TheresultsofthedistributionofinterpolatedbasedonGISisclosertoarealpopulationdistribution.Thecombinationofthespatialinteractivemodelsandtheshortestpathalgorithmforpublictransitnetworkanalyzedbysupermarketaccessibilitybasedonpedestrianismandpublictransit.Thequantitativeanalysisaboutthesupermarkets’marketarearealizedbasedontrademodeofLaslulzananandHansenwhichmainlyincludesspatialdistributionofpopulation,theaccessibilityofpublictransits.Throughinputtingdatasuchasthecharactersoftheland,wecanrealizethestudyontheutilizationoflandbasedonGIS.Atthefinalpartofthisarticle,ItookJinshanNewDistrictofFuzhouasanexampletoIVmakesomepositiveanalysisonthelocatingofsupermarket.Byapplyingthemodewehavemotioned,Icollectedtheinformationsuchaspopulation,trafficandurbanplanningandsoonandinputthedataconcernedtobeprocessedbyGISsoftwareandthenchoose7alternativeplacesforthesupermarketthroughtheprocessofpopulationdata.Aftercalculatingtheaccessibilityofpublictransitsofthe1,200metersofbufferzoneofthe7alternativeplacesandoverlythebufferzonesofthealternativeplaceswiththenow-existingsupermarkets,Ichoose4alternativeplacesinthem.Andfurtherdecide2placesaftertakingotherboundingconditionsintoconsideration.Finally,Idecidedabestplaceaftercomprehensiveanalysis.Ihaveprovedthatit’sreasonabletolocatesupermarketthroughGISmodebypositiveanalysis.ThelocatingsupermarketthroughGISsoftwareisscientificandpractical.Itcanbeareferencefortheplanneranddecision-makeronthespatialdistributionofthelargeandmedium-sizedsupermarketsbasedonGISstudy.Keywordslocatingsupermarketspatialdistributionofpopulationaccessibilityofbusesbusinessareautilizationofland22009GIS11.120102090199568%GDPGIS2060GISCPSGISGIS2GIS1.2GIS1.31.3.1B.J.GarnerD.L.HuffB.J.Garrison2009GIS32070GIS2080GISGISGIS1990GISGISGIS1.3.2GISGISGISGISGIS4GISGIS501.4GISGISGIS2009GIS52.12.1.112312500132002400-25003-131053120-400101-362.1.2193019323001939500019418000196576%19803700018%70195220601963383198039102.1.31981-1985208019811985511551986-19901232009GIS7199120801991619919199362.2Place,Place,PlaceWTO2.2.182.2.1.1GDPGDP2.2.1.22.2.1.3=Aa%+Bb%+Cc%2009GIS9ABCAbcABC2.2.1.42.2.1.52.2.1.62.2.1.72.2.22.2.2.1tradingarea102.2.2.2155%-70%215%-25%32009GIS11500-10005000500055-70%15-25%5%2.2.2.3.:1!122342.2.2.412009GIS1324231442009GIS15SCMPOSCRMERP2.32.3.1GeographicInformationSystemGISGIS2.3.22.3.2.1122.3.2.2161GIS2345XYGISGIS2009GIS172.3.3GISProductPricePlacePromotionPlace80%GISGIS1GISGIS2GISGIS3GISGIS184GISGISGISGISGISGIS5GISSDSSSIGISSDSSSIGISGISGIS2009GIS19GIS3.1GIS3.1.11230-1415-64654GIS2053.1.2123XYn3.1xyR%1002111×−−=∑∑∑=niiiiixyYYXXR2009GIS213.1.3/km21SNρρ=N/S(3.2)2nDii=12nmPjj=12mSiji=12nj=12mS11D1+S12D2+S1nDn=P1S21D1+S22D2+S2nDn=P2(3.3)Sm1D1+Sm2D2+SmnDn=PmmnnnGIS223NiSijijf(3.4)j1jm1ρ=ijfiρ(3.5)iρ3.1.4GISGISGISGIS1GIS23∑=×=mjijijiiSfN1)(ρ2009GIS23GISUnionIntersectIdentityGIS4InverseDistanceWeightedIDW1()()iNSOSiiZZλ∧==∑3.60()SZ∧0SNiλ()iSZiS001/Nppiiiiddλ−−==∑11Niiλ==∑3.7P0id0sisp15GIS.1874nxiyiPiGIS24(3.8)GIS3.83.2GIS3.2.11234∑∑===niiniiiPxPX11/∑∑===niniiiiPyPY11/2009GIS253.2.235000.66GIS26:10020110055:1LEC:3030:1803.2.3GIS3.2.3.1(Accessibilty):1232009GIS27-()3.2.3.2GISGISBuffermnminimnmmnGIS28(1)(spatialInteractionModel)(GravityModel)()()M)dαdji3.93.9iiP3.10(2)(3.10)iPiPiGeertmanVanEcki3.11:ijPiijijdijijαijjijdMP=∑=jijjidMPα()∑=jijijidPT2009GIS29ijji(3.10)(3.11)(3.12)3.12(3.11)(3.12)ijd-(3)GISGIS3.3GISGIS3.3.13.3.1.1∑==nkikkijjijdMdMP1ααGIS30HuffDa