江门市招商引资过程中的政府行为研究

I摘要在改革开放以来，江门市招商引资工作在各届政府的不断努力下取得了较大的成就，政府主导型招商引资对于推动地方经济发展发挥了十分重要的作用。而在现有经济体制下，江门市政府的招商引资行为暴露出越来越多的问题，过度竞争，产业同构，较大的资源浪费，甚至滋生了政府腐败，一定程度上也阻碍了招商的效能化和经济社会的科学发展。本文以制度经济学理论、公共选择理论、博弈论等为基础，构建研究理论框架：地方政府积极介入招商引资是经济体制转型背景下的行为选择，是在市场机制不完善的条件下，政府降低招商引资交易成本的一种制度创新，但同时也强化了地方政府的介入动机，形成了路径依赖。由于在招商引资这一竞争性领域，基于公共选择中的地方政府并不是理性的行为主体，面临着日益严重的成本与收益的失衡、经济的外部性与信息不对称等问题，因此需要进行制度创新，规范政府行为，以适应新形势的需要。本文按照“提出问题—分析问题—寻求对策”的基本思路展开，主要通过对江门市在招商引资中的政府行为归类分析，并从江门发展现状出发，对政府行为产生的效应进行分析，以寻找招商引资中政府行为与地区经济发展的内在关系，揭示政府行为在带来经济效益的同时，政府行为也存在不少问题，进而揭示江门市政府行为选择的内在机理和本质规律：在现有制度背景下，由于受到特殊的财政体制、权力监督体制、绩效考核机制等的约束，市级政府与县级政府之间、各县级政府之间，以及政府与投资企业间形成了特殊的行为互动，形成了行为选择的非良性路径依赖，影响了招商引资的科学决策和资源优化配置。本文借鉴了国内外政府招商引资的先进经验做法，提出规范江门市政府招商引资行为的意见建议，从规范政府行为入手，纠正行为互动中的路径依赖，以昀终达到科学招商引资的目标。关键词：政府行为招商引资江门市路径依赖制度创新IIAbstractSincereformingandopening,Jiangmengovernmenthasmadegreateffortsinattractinginvestment,andthegovernment-ledinvestmentplaysaveryimportantroletopromotelocaleconomicdevelopment.However,Inthecurrenteconomicsystem,thegovernment-ledinvestmentJiangmenCityleadsexcessivecompetition,industryisomorphism,thelargertheresourcewasteandthebreedinggroundforcorruptioninthegovernment,it’shardtodrivethedevelopmentoflocaleconomyintoahigherlevel.Basedonthetheoryofinstitutionaleconomics,publicchoicetheory,gametheoryasthefoundation,constructsthetheoryframeon:localgovernmentinterventionininvestmentpromotionisaninstitutionalinnovationtoreducetransactioncost,butsuchinterventionsimultaneouslyintensifieslocalgovernment’smotivationofintervention,pathdependencethencomeintobeing.Facingincreasinglysevereproblemslikeimbalanceofcostandbenefit,economicexternalityandinformationasymmetry,localgovernmentsarenolongerrationalbehavioralbodiesinsuchacompetitivefieldasinvestmentpromotion,anewroundofinstitutionalinnovationisrequiredtomeettheneedsofnewsituation.Thepaperdevelopsalongwiththerouteof“raisingquestions–analyzingreasons–countermeasures”.ShowingthecurrentbehaviorofJiangmengovernmentinattractinginvestment,investmentgovernmentbehaviorinregionaleconomicdevelopmentandtheinherentrelations,revealthegovernmentbehaviorineconomicbenefitsatthesametime,thegovernmentbehavioralsoexistsmanyproblems,whichhavecausedaseriesofnegativeeffects,andfurtherrevealsthebehaviorchoiceofJiangmencityhallandtheinternalmechanismoflawsofnature:Duetothespecialfinancesystem,supervisionsystem,performanceappraisalmechanismandotherconstraints,thereisspecialbehaviorinteractioninthelocalgovernmentsinJiangmencity,formingthebehaviorchoiceofbenignpathdependence,affectedtheinvestmentdecisionandtheoptimizationofresourceallocation.Afterstudyingthedomesticandforeigngovernmentinvestmentofadvancedexperience,thepaperputsforwardtheinnovationpath,makescorrectchoiceofgovernmentbehaviorinthepathdependence,toultimatelyachievethegoalofscientificinvestment.KeyWord:GovernmentBehavior;AttractingInvestment;JiangmenCity;Pathdependence;InstitutionalInnovationIII目录摘要...........................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................II第一章绪论.................................................................................................................................11.1研究的背景和意义.............................................................................................................11.1.1研究背景......................................................................................................................11.1.2研究意义......................................................................................................................21.2国内外研究现状.................................................................................................................31.2.1国外有关研究成果......................................................................................................31.2.2国内有关研究成果......................................................................................................51.2.3简要评价......................................................................................................................81.3研究目标、研究方法和研究思路.....................................................................................91.3.1研究目标.......................................................................................................................91.3.2研究方法.......................................................................................................................91.3.3技术路线......................................................................................................................9第二章招商引资中地方政府行为的有关理论分析...............................................................112.1招商引资的理论分析.......................................................................................................112.1.1招商引资的涵义........................................................................................................112.1.2招商引资的参与主体.................................