2015专八真题

TEM8阅读理解AWhatweknowofprenataldevelopmentmakesallthisattemptmadebyamothertomoldthecharacterofherunbornchildbystudyingpoetry,art,ormathematicsduringpregnancyseemutterlyimpossible.Howcouldsuchextremelycomplexinfluencespassfromthemothertothechild?Thereisnoconnectionbetweentheirnervoussystems.Eventhebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.Anemotionalshocktothemotherwillaffectherchild,becauseitchangestheactivityofherglandsandsothechemistryherblood.Anychemicalchangeinthemother’sbloodwillaffectthechildforbetterorworse.Butwecannotseehowalookingformathematicsorpoeticgeniuscanbedissolvedinbloodandproduceasimilarlikingorgeniusinthechild.Inourdiscussionofinstinctswesawthattherewasreasontobelievethatwhateverweinheritmustbeofsomeverysimplesortratherthananycomplicatedorverydefinitekindofbehavior.Itiscertainthatnooneinheritsaknowledgeofmathematics.Itmaybe,however,thatchildreninheritmoreorlessofarathergeneralabilitythatwemaycallintelligence.Ifveryintelligentchildrenbecomedeeplyinterestedinmathematics,theywillprobablymakeasuccessofthatstudy.Asformusicalability,itmaybethatwhatisinheritedisanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorthevocalorgansconnectionsbetweennervesandmusclesthatmakeitcomparativelyeasytolearnthemovementsamusicianmustexecute,andparticularlyvigorousemotions.Ifthesefactorsareallorganizedaroundmusic,thechildmaybecomeamusician.Thesamefactors,inothercircumstancemightbeorganizedaboutsomeothercenterofinterest.Therichemotionalequipmentmightfindexpressioninpoetry.Thecapablefingersmightdevelopskillinsurgery.Itisnottheknowledgeofmusicthatisinherited,thennoreventheloveofit,butacertainbodilystructurethatmakesitcomparativelyeasytoacquiremusicalknowledgeandskill.Whetherthatabilityshallbedirectedtowardmusicorsomeotherundertakingmaybedecidedentirelybyforcesintheenvironmentinwhichachildgrowsup.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?A.Somemotherstrytoinfluencetheirunbornchildrenbystudyingartandothersubjectsduringtheirpregnancy.B.Itisutterlyimpossibleforustolearnanythingaboutprenataldevelopment.C.Thebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.D.Therearenoconnectionbetweenmother’snervoussystemsandherunbornchild’s.2.Amotherwillaffectherunbornbabyontheconditionthat____.A.sheisemotionallyshockedB.shehasagoodknowledgeofinheritanceC.shetakespartinallkindofactivitiesD.shestickstostudying3.Accordingtothepassage,achildmayinherit____.A.everythingfromhismotherB.aknowledgeofmathematicsC.arathergeneralabilitythatwecallintelligenceD.hermother’smusicalability4.Ifachildinheritssomethingfromhismother,suchasanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorofthevocalorgans,hewill____.A.surelybecomemusicianB.mostlybecomeapoetC.possiblybecomeateacherD.becomeamusicianontheconditionthatallthesefactorsareorganizedaroundmusic5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.RoleofInheritance.B.AnUnbornChild.C.Functionofinstincts.D.InheritedTalents.答案：BACDABComputersmonitoreverythinginSingaporefromsoilcompositiontolocationofmanholes.Attheairport,ittookjust15secondsforthecomputerizedimmigrationsystemtoscanandapprovemypassport.Ittakesonlyoneminutetobecheckedintoapublichospital.By1998,almosteveryhouseholdwillbewiredforinteractivecableTVandtheInternet,theglobalcomputernetwork.Shopperswillbeabletoviewandpayforproductselectronically.A24-hourcommunitytelecomputingnetworkwillallowuserstocommunicatewithelectedrepresentativesandretrieveinformationaboutgovernmentservices.Itisallpartofthegovernment’splantotransformthenationintowhatitcallsthe“IntelligentIsland”.Insomanyways,Singaporehaselevatedtheconceptofefficiencytoakindofnationalideology.Forthepasttenyears,Singapore’sworkforcewasratedthebestintheworld-aheadofJapanandtheU.S.-intermsofproductivity,skillandattitudebytheBusinessEnvironmentRiskIntelligenceservice.Behindthe“Singaporemiracle”isamanRichardNixondescribedasoneof“theablestleadersIhavemet,”onewho,“inothertimesandotherplaces,mighthaveattainedtheworldstatureofaChurchill.”LeeKuanYewledSingapore’sstruggleforindependenceinthe1950s,servingasPrimeMinisterfrom1959until1990.Today(1995),at71,hehasnominallyretiredtotheofficeofSeniorMinister,wherehecontinuestoinfluencehiscountry’sfuture.Leeofferedcompaniestaxbreaks,politicalstability,cheaplaborandstrike-freeenvironment.Nearly90percentofSingaporeanadultsnowowntheirownhomesandthankstostrictadherencetotheprincipleofmerit,personalopportunitiesabound.“Ifyou’vegottalentandworkhard,youcanbeanythinghere,”saysaMalaysian-bornwomanwhoholdsahigh-levelcivil-serviceposition.LeelikestoboastthatSingaporehasavoidedthe“moralbreakdown”ofWesterncountries.Heattributeshisnation’ssuccesstostrongfamilyties,arelianceoneducationastheengineofadvancementandsocialphilosophythatheclaimsissuperiortoAmerica’s.InaninterviewwithReader’sDigest,hesaidthattheUnitedStateshas“lostitsbearings”byemphasizingindividualrightsattheexpenseofsociety.“Anethicalsociety,”hesaid,“isonewhichmatcheshumanrightswithresponsibilities.”1.WhatcharacterizesSingapore’sadvancementisits___.A.computermonitoring.B.workefficiency.C.highproductivity.D.value