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第1页共4页教案及学案教学内容：英语短文填词解题策略与运用教学重点：方法讲解，提高短文填词解题能力教学难点：方法运用，熟练、准确解答短文填词题教学目标：学生能灵活运用所学方法做好短文填词题情感目标：善于找方法，耐心找突破，解决学习中实际困难的能力教学步骤：一、中考命题趋势1．命题特点短文填词是一种新型的中考题型，在许多中考试卷中已经占有了一个重要的位置。短文填词的特点与完形填空的特点差不多，即在一篇短文中留出8-15个空白，要求学生在正确理解和把握文章大意的基础上根据上、下文的逻辑关系来填写空缺单词，它是考查学生综合运用英语能力的一种有效方法，不仅能比较准确地考查学生的各项知识水平，而且也能培养和提高学生综合运用英语的能力。2．考查形式短文填词通常有四种考查形式：第一种是方框选词型，第二种是首字母提示型，第三种是无首字母提示型，第四种是根据汉语写单词型。二、方法解读1、瞻前顾后查名词2、与“时”俱进考动词3、形容词，副词莫混淆4、连词5、代词6、习惯用法与固定搭配7、词性的确定及正确形式8、数词和星期、月份9、书写规范三、题型解读类型Ⅰ方框选词补全短文型【解题策略】1．先对备选的词汇的词性作简单标记，如：名词—n.，动词—v.，形容词—adj.，副词—adv.等。同时对词义做初步的理解。2．根据题意或通读全文，猜测空格中所缺的信息，注意发现固定搭配关系，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3．在填词过程中要注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有“s”不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。4．完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。实战：选词用正确形式填空。(2014，陕西)lookyearchangedeephomecoldcanworktakefatherEveryday,onherwaytowork,Ameliahadtopassaslum(贫民窟)．Asa第2页共4页social,shehadnotpaidmuchattentiontoit.This_______________onedaywhenshemetaragged(衣衫褴褛的)boynamedSam.Samknewshewastheheadofsocialservices,andthatshehelp.Hereachedouthishandandsaid,“Canyouhelpme？I'm___formydad.”Hishandswereso.Ameliasaid,“What'sup？”“Mymomisterriblysick.Herbirthdayiscoming.Iknowmycomingbackwouldbethebestpresent.MydadhadleftusbeforeIwastwo________________old.”saidtheboy.AmeliawasmovedandaskedSamtotakehertohishome.Heledhertoasmallhouse.Ameliasawawomanlyingonthebed.Thewomanknewshewasdying.ShesaidtoAmelia,“Pleasefindaformyson.”Ameliaherhandandnoddedwithtears(眼泪)．Shegotanidea!Herhusbandandshehadnochildren,andlookingforwardtohavingone.LaterAmeliabroughtSamhome.Eversincethen,thenewfamilyhavehadhappinessandlaughter.类型Ⅱ首字母提示填写单词补全短文型【解题策略】首字母短文填空重点考查了考生单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力，在考查词汇的同时也考查读与写的能力。其主要策略为：1．通读全文，把握句意。只有文章意思清楚了，才能根据文义进行合理的判断，从而有可能突然产生“灵感”，将断层的信息比较准确地反映出来。2．注意精读，反复琢磨。做这类题，有时可根据固定用法判断，有时可通过上下文意思判断，遇到难词时，要根据其前后的句子反复推敲，再三琢磨该词在句中的作用，由此判断出该词的意思。3．把握词义，填写准确。准确指符合要求，即所填写的单词必须以规定字母开头，符合意思，即符合整篇文章的基调，更符合所在句子的含义，不可出现意义断层，说东到西；符合语法，指所填词形的变化，如名词是否要用单复数；形容词是否要用比较级，动词的时态、语态变化等。4．复读全文，验证答案。看所填单词是否为最佳单词，拼写是否准确无误，词形是否需要作必要的变化，短文是否前后连贯一致，情节发展是否合理，议论是否合乎逻辑等。实战：根据首字母填词。(2015·武汉)Iwantedtobuyapairofsportsshoesforalongtime.IhadspentmonthssavingupthemoneytobuythemandIfinallyhade.LastSaturdaymyfriendJakewantedtobuyanewCDsowedecidedtogoshoppingtogether.Wetookthebusintotownanditwasveryc,sowehadtostandalltheway.JakeandIweretalkingwhenIsuddenlynthatmybagwasopenandmypursehadgone！Thebushadjuststoppedandtherewasaboynearmewhowasgoingquicklytowardsthedoor.Wethoughthehadstolenmymoneysowegotoffthebusandfhim.TheboystartedrunningandthenJakeranafterhimshouting“Stop！T！”Itwaslikeasceneoutofafilm！Apolicemansawwhatwasgoingonandmanagedtogettheboy.Theembarrassingthingwasthatwhenthepolicemanstheboy，hedidn'thaveanypurse！Hehadprobablythrownitawaybeforehewascaught.Theboysaidwehadmadeamistakeandweshouldn'tblame(指责)himforthestolenpurse.Heexplainedthathehadostartedrunningbecausehewaslateforameetingwithfriends.ThepolicemanahimtogoandIfeltreallystupid.Idon't第3页共4页knowwhetherhestolemypurseornotastherewasnoproof(证据)．IwishIhadn'tbeensocarelessandhadkeptaneonmybag!I'velostmyfrontdoorkeyand60pounds.I'mreallyfedup.Jakeofferedtolendmethemoneytobuythesportsshoes，butIdon'tthinkit'sftotakeit.Itisn'thisfault(过失)thatIhadmypursestolen!四、课后巩固练习1根据短文内容填空，每空一词。Doyoulikewearingthickglasses?Areyou1toseetheblackboardclearlywhenyousitinthebackoftheclassroom?Whenthestudentsare_____2______thesequestions,mostofthem3answer“No”.Parentsandteachersareworriedaboutchildren’s4ofshort-eye-sighted(近视眼).Middleschoolstudentsdoeyeexerciseseveryday.Thisisgood_____5____theireyes.Itcanhelpthem6careoftheireyes.Now,therearesomechangesabouttheeyeexercises.Someschoolshavestopped______7_____theoldversion(旧版)eyeexercises.Theybegintodothe____8____eyeexercises.“Iliketodothenewversioneyeexercises”,saidonestudent,“9itisbetterandmoreinterestingthantheoldone.”Sothestudentsdothemmore10thanbefore.“Withthehelpofdoingeyeexercises,wehopestudentscancaremoreabouttheireyes,”saysoneteacher.2根据首字母及文章内容填空。Makingfriendsisaskill.Likemostskills,youcanimproveitifyouarepatient.Ifyouwanttomeetpeopleandmakefriends,youmustbewillingtotakeaction.Youmustfirstgowheretherearepeople.Youwon'tmakefriendsstayinghomea______(1).Joiningacluboragroup,talkingtothosewholikethesamethingsasyoudoismuche_____(2).Orjoinsomeoneinsomeactivity.Manypeoplearen________(3)whentalkingtonewpeople.Afterall,meetingstrangersmeansseeingtheunknown.Andit'shumannaturetofeelabitunpleasantabouttheunknown.Mostoffearsaboutd(4)withnewpeoplecomefromdoubts(怀疑)aboutourselves.Weimagineotherpeoplearejudgingus—findingustootallortooshort,toothisortoothat.Butdon'tforgetthattheymustbefeelingthes_____(5)way.Trytoacceptyourselfasyouare,andtrytomakeothersfeelathome.You'llallfeelmorec___(6).Trytobebraveevenifyoudon'tfeelthatwaywhenyoue_____(7)aroomfullofstrangers.Walktallandstraight,lookd_____(8)atotherpeopleandsmile.Ifyouseesomeoneyou'dliketospeakto,saysomething.Don'twaitfortheotherpersontostartac______(9).Justmeetingsomeonenewdoe