英语句型转换之一肯定句变否定句的方法技巧

1英语句型转换之一——肯定句变否定句的技巧请同学们记住以下单词：1、be动词的五种形式：am,is,are,was,were；2、情态动词：can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would,need,hadbetter3、助动词：have,has,had一、动词后直接加not原句中含有be动词(am,is,are,was,were)和情态动词(can,shall,will,may,should,would,might,hadbetter等)时，要在动词后直接加not。如：1.Iamateacher.→Iamnotateacher.2.LiLeicanswim.→LiLeicannot（can't）swim.3.Hewillgotothezooifitrainstomorrow.→Hewillnot（won't）gotothezooifitrainstomorrow.4.Wehavelearned3,000words.→Wehavenot（haven't）learned3,000words.二、原句中没有be动词，助动词或情态动词时，要在行为动词前加助动词(do,does,did)与否定副词not的缩写形式。1.句中第一个动词是原形时，在其前加上don’t。如：Igetupatsixo'clockeveryday.→Idon'tgetupatsixo'clockeveryday.2.句中第一个动词是三单形式时，在其前加上doesn’t，原来的动词三单形式改为动词原形。如：MrWangworksinafactory.→MrWangdoesn'tworkinafactory.3.句中第一个动词是过去式时，在其前加上didn’t，原来的动词过去式改为动词原形。如：XiaLinvisitedourfriendslastnight.→XiaLindidn'tvisitourfriendslastnight.2三、肯定句变否定句的七点注意1.肯定句变否定句时，除将谓语变为否定式外，句中其他词语也可能随之改变，如将some改为any，too和also改为either，already改为yet，and改为or等。如：Therearesomebirdsinthetree.树上有些鸟。→Therearen’tanybirdsinthetree.树上没有鸟。Helikesthegirl,too.他也喜欢这个女孩。→Hedoesn’tlikethegirl,either.他也不喜欢这个女孩。Wehavealreadyseenthefilm.我们已看过这部电影。→Wehavenotseenthefilmyet.我们没有看这部电影。Helikessinginganddancing.他喜欢唱歌和跳舞。→Hedoesn’tlikesingingordancing.他不喜欢唱歌和跳舞。2.复合句的肯定式变否定式a.在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think,believe,guess时，如果要否定后面的宾语从句，习惯上否定主句的谓语动词。如：Ithinkheis13yearsold.→Idon'tthinkheis13yearsold.Ibelieveshewillcomeheresoon.→Idon’tbelieveshewillcomeheresoonb.其他一般将主句变为否定式。如：IwascookingwhenMumgothome.→IwasnotcookingwhenMumgothome.3.不变谓语动词而变其他词语a.肯定句中含有both,both…and时，变否定句时both→neither；both…and→neither…nor；all→none。如：Bothofusarestudents.all→Neitherofusisastudent.IknowbothEnglishandChinese.→IknowneitherEnglishnorChinese.Allofthemlikebananas.→Noneofthemlike(s)bananas.b.肯定句中含有every-,some-的合成词，变否定句时常改为含3有no-的合成词。如：Everythingisready.→Nothingisready.Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike.→Thereisnothingwrongwithmybike.c.肯定句中含有“形容词＋enoughtodosth.”，变否定句时改为“too＋形容词的反义词＋todosth.”。如：Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.→Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.d.肯定句中含有always和ever，变否定句时改为never。如：Heisalwayslateforschool.→Heisneverlateforschool.Myuncle'severbeentomanypartsofEngland.→MyunclehasneverbeentomanypartsofEngland.4.祈使句的肯定式变否定式a.一般情况下，在句首的动词前加Don't。如：Closethedoor.→Don'tclosethedoor.b.以Let's或Letus开头的祈使句，在变否定句时常在其后加not；有时也可在其前加Don't。如：Letmetryagain.→Letmenottryagain.→Don'tletmetryagain.5.动词不定式变否定式时，常在不定式符号to前加not。如：Theteacheraskedmetospeakmoreloudly.→Theteacheraskedmenottospeakmoreloudly.6.部分否定与完全否定比较以下句子：Allofuslaughedwhenweheardit.听到这事时我们都笑了。(肯定句)Allofusdidn’tlaughwhenweheardit.听到这事时我们并未都笑。(部分否定)Notallofuslaughedwhenweheardit.听到这事时我们并未都笑。(部分否定)4Noneofuslaughedwhenweheardit.听到这事时我们都没笑。(完全否定)注：可能涉及部分否定的词语有both,all,always,every等，即notboth表示“并非两者都”，notall表示“并非所有的都”，notalways表示“并非总是”，notevery表示“并非每个…都”。7.需要分清do,does,did,have,has,have,had等是实义动词还是助动词。如果是助动词，则在它们后面直接加not，如果是实义动词，则在它们前面根据实际情况加don’t,doesn’t或didn’t。如：Heusuallydoeshishomeworkintheevening.→Heusuallydoesn’thishomeworkintheevening.（Wrong）→Hedoesn’tusuallydohishomeworkintheevening.（Right）Tinahasgonehome.→Tinadoesn’thavegonehome.（Wrong）→Tinahasn’tgonehome.（Right）把下面的句子变成否定句1.TheoldmanhurthisleglastWednesday.(西宁市中考题)2.BothJoyandSamlikesingingBeijingOpera.(新疆中考题)3.Hismotherhasalreadycalledthepoliceforhelp.(乌鲁木齐市中考题)4.Heknowseverythingaboutyourschool.5.Putthemoverthere．6.Helikesthegirl,too.7.Alotofpeoplearelyingonthebeach.8.HedoessomereadingonSunday.9.Theylikesinginganddancing.10.Cindydidherhomeworklastnight.11.Wehadsomemoneyforthetaxi.12.Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.13.Thispopsingerhasanewlook.14.Ithinkheisgreat.15.Youcanlistentomusicafterschool.16.Ihavetomakelunchathome.