搜索
初一英语（上）语法归纳一、名词：可数名词/不可数名词1．可数名词单数变复数规则：①一般的＋seg:booksdesksbags;②以s、x、ch、sh结尾的＋es,egbusesboxeswatches;③以辅着加y结尾的变y为i＋es,egdictionarystrawberrycomedydocumentary;④以o结尾的名词除tomatoes外其余加s.2．不可数名词：broccoli,icecream,chicken,salad,water,milk,rice,Yuan,money,furniture,milk,bread3．名词的所有格‘表…的’①一般名词直接加’s,eg:Tom’sclothes;②以s结尾的复数名词直接’eg:theboys’soccer;③两个共有的某一物只在后一名词后加’seg:LucyandLily’sroom;④两个分别所有的则要在名词后分别加’seg:Tom’sandJerry’sbooks;4．可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语①some(一些)alotof=lotsof(许多)后即可加可数也可加不可数名词；②many许多＋可数名词的复数形式；③much许多＋不可数名词；5．句子单数变复数：I→Wehe/she/it→theythis→thesethat→thoseis/am→area→somen单→n复V三单→V原Practice:1（1）一些手表（2）许多草莓（3）许多花椰菜（4）一些记录片（5）Lily的妈妈（6）这些男孩子们的书包（7）Lucy和她姐姐的房间（8）Mike的和Bob的笔（9）我们的笔（10）他们的名字（11）你的全家照（12）我的年龄（13）她最喜欢的书（14）两个西红柿（15）三张照片2．将下列句子进行单复句转换：①Thisisaneraser.____________________________________________________________②Heisaboy.________________________________________________________________③Thegirllikescomedies.______________________________________________________④That’sTom’sT-shirt._________________________________________________________⑤Thesearesometomatoes._____________________________________________________⑥Dotheyhaveeggsforbreakfast?_______________________________________________⑦WeareChinese._____________________________________________________________⑧Shelikesactionmovies._______________________________________________________二、冠词的用法（a/an/the）1．在元音发音的可数名词前用an,其余用aeg:anA/E/I/O/R/H/F/L/M/N/S/X/oange/apple/eraser/egg/uncle/aunt/orange/sweater/Englishbook/artclass/actoractress/actionmovie/opera/IDcard2．在音乐器具前必须加“the”eg:playtheguitar/thepiano/thedrums3．在球类、棋类和一日三餐前则不加冠词eg:playchess/basketball/eatbreakfast/lunch/dinner三、一般现在时1．谓语为be.(1)be(isamare)的用法I→amyou/they/these/those/复数名词→arehe/sheit→is(this/that/单)Practice:用be的适当形式填空(1)I____astudent;(2)TomandI_____boys;(3)This_____mybook;(4)TheirQQnumbers_____8314and8201;(5)These______mypens;(6)______sheyourmother?Yes,she_____;(7)Herfavoritecolor____blue;(8)______youLily?No,______not;(9)How_____theytoday?—They_____OKandmyuncle_____fine,too.(10)Lucy’sfamily_____athomethisevening;(11)Theboy’steeth_____nice.(12)People______friendlyinChina.2．谓语为can＋V原形,can无人称和数的变化3．谓语为行为动词(play,like,watch,do,go,run,sing,dance…)(1)当主语为三单时，谓语动词也要变成相应的三单式，规则如下：①一般的动词直接在词尾＋S,eg:helpslikes②以s、x、ch、sh、o结尾的动词加es,eg:teacheswatchesbrushesgoesdoes③以辅音字母＋y结尾的则变y为i＋es,eg:studystudies(2)当主语不为三人称单数时，谓语则用动词原形。三人称单数形式即：he,sheit,Tom等人名；his/her/their/my/our/your＋单数名词eg:my,cat,myfather,theirbookectPractice:①Jimusually________(watch)TVonSundays.ButTomandTim________(notwatch)TVatall.②Scott___________(work)forlonghours.He___________(brush)his___________(tooth)at17:15.thenhe___________(have)ashower.③Ioften___________(do)homeworkintheevening.Butmybrotheroften___________hishomeworkintheafternoon.I___________(go)toschoolat7:00,buthe___________(go)toschoolat8:00.④Myparents___________(like)___________(banana)Theyalsolike___________(eat)bananasfordessert.⑤Tom___________(like)___________(play)soccer,Let’s___________(play)soccerwith___________(he).⑥I___________(want)___________(be)a___________(run),Mysister___________(want)___________(watch)a___________(run)game,she___________(want)___________(join)the___________(swim)club.4．一般现在时的一般疑问句和否定句的变法[1]陈述句变否定句，①直接在be(is/am/are)can后加not②句中无be和can则在主语和谓语之间加don’t/doesn’t…V;主语＋don’t…V…；主语（三单）＋doesn’t…V；③句中some→anyand→or[2]陈述句变一般疑问句，①句中有be和can的就直接把be动词式情态动词can提前(note:Iam→areyou;are/my→your)②句中无be或can则需在句首加Do、does(Do＋主语＋V＋…;Does＋主三单＋V复＋…)③要注意把一人称→二人称，some→any；④回答时要注意与问句保持一致Practice:(1)I’mastudent.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(2)HeisLily’sbrother.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(3)Theyaremyparentsandmygrandparents.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(4)ThesearesomeEnglishbooks.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(5)Icanplaytheguitar.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(6)Tomcanplaychess.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(7)Wehavesomevolleyballsandbasketballs.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(8)Lilylikeshamburgersforbreakfast.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(9)Studentsusuallydohomeworkintheevening.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(10)TheboydoessportsonSundaymorning.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(11)ScotttakesNO.17bustoahotel.(变否定句和一般疑问句)四、特殊疑问句（特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句）1.What(对名词、人名、电话号码、动词和动词短语提问)；2.Whatcolor对颜色；3.Whatkindofmovies(对电影提问)；4.Whatsubject(对学科)；5.Whattime(对时间点提问)；6.When(对时间或时间点)；7.对形容词提问用How,如fine、OK等；8.Howold(对年龄)；9.Howmuch(对价钱)；10.对数字及可数名词的量提问用Howmany＋可数名词的复数；11.对地点提问用Where；12.对because…提问用Why；13.对星期提问用Whatday；14.对日期用What’sthedatePractice:（对划线部分提问）(1)MynameisLiXue.________________________________________________________(2)Theman’sphonenumberis85690101._________________________________________(3)Thesearesomeorangeoranges._______________________________________________(4)Theorangesareorange.______________________________________________________(5)Theboydoeshomeworkathome.______________________________________________(6)Hecanplaysoccer.__________________________________________________________(7)Mypantsareblue.__________________________________________________________(8)It’sseven-thirtyYuan.________________________________________________________(9)Tomgetsupat6:00._________________________________________________________(10)Ilikeactionmovies._______________________________________________