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ThePassiveVoiceMadebyLiYongatSanhuaMiddleSchoolSept.23rd,2015被动语态ThePassiveVoice一.被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。二.被动语态的结构:be+过去分词（及物动词）被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式.汉语中往往用“被”“受”“给”等词来表示被动意义.三.主动语态变为被动语态的方法:1.主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语.2.主动句中的谓语动词变成被动句的be+过去分词.3.主动句中的主语变成被动句by的宾语,放在谓语动词后面.如果不强调动作执行者时,by短语可省略.1.Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词3．AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词4.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.1.一般现在时：S+am/is/are+过去分词2.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词.3.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词.4.现在完成时S+have/has+been+过去分词.S+will+be+过去分词.5.一般将来时：四.各种时态的被动语态构成1.一般现在时am/is/are+done•Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.•Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.返回•Heputonacoat.•Acoatwasputonbyhim.2.一般过去时was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.返回3.含有情态动词的被动语态•can/may/must/should+bedone•Icanfindhim.•Hecanbefoundbyme.返回4.现在完成时has/have+beendone•Jimhasfinishedthework.•TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.返回5.一般将来时will/begoingto+bedone•Theywillplanttreestomorrow.•Treeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow•Heisgoingtowritealettertohismother.•Aletterisgoingtobewrittentohismotherbyhim.返回ExerciseChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassivevoice:1.PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.Englishisspokenallovertheworldbypeople.2.Shewashesherhandsbeforelunch.Herhandsarewashedbeforelunch.3.Dotheyoungpioneersplanttreeseveryspring?Aretreesplantedbytheyoungpioneerseveryspring?4.Hisuncledoesn’toftenplaytabletennis.Tabletennisisn’toftenplayedbyhisuncle..5.Iborrowedthisbookfromthelibrarylastweek.Thisbookwasborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek.6.Thepolicemencaughtthreethieveslastnight.Threethieveswerecaughtbythepolicemenlastnight.7.Ididn’tbuyadictionary.Adictionarywasn’tboughtbyme.8.Didyoubringaraincoat?Wasaraincoatbroughtbyyou?9.HewillstudyEnglishwell.Englishwillbestudiedwellbyhim.10.Willyoucleanyourclassroom?Willyourclassroombecleanedbyyou?11.Iwon’twritetomygrandpathisevening.Mygrandpawon’tbewrittentothiseveningbyme.12.Thenursewilltakecareofthechildren.Thechildrenwillbetakencareofbythenurse.13.Wemusttakecareofthebooksinthelibrary.Thebooksmustbetakencareofinthelibrary.14.Youmayfindthiskindoftreeseverywhere.Thiskindoftreesmaybefoundeverywhere.15.Youcan’tseethestarsinthedaytime.Thestarscan’tbeseeninthedaytime.16.Mustwehandinourcompositionstomorrow?Mustourcompositionsbehandedintomorrow?17.Hehasalreadydonetheexercises.Theexerciseshavealreadybeendonebyhim.18.Myclassmateshaveputontheplay.Theplayhasbeenputonbymyclassmates.19.Jimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.五.主动语态变成被动语态时要注意以下几点:1.含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动.一般把间接宾语变为主语.如:Marygavemeapen.IwasgivenapenbyMary.如果把直接宾语变为主语,则在间接宾语前加“to\for”如:ApenwasgiventomebyMary.2.含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时,将其中的宾语变为主语,宾补不变.如:Weaskedhimtospeakatthemeeting.Hewasaskedtospeakatthemeeting.3.如果主动句中的谓语是短语动词,变为被动句时,短语动词的介词或副词不可以丢掉.如:Theytookgoodcareoftheboys.Theboysweretakengoodcareof.4.在“let,make,see,hear,notice,watch,feel”等动词后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带“to”,但改成被动句时应加上“to”.如:Thedoctormademestayinbedforthreedays.Iwasmadetostayinbedforthreedaysbythedoctor.•Atrafficaccident________(happen)justnow.happened2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…•PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:•Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writes•Thiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物动词（vi.)如:happen,takeplace,appear,dissapear,…六.不用被动语态的动词：1.Hetellsusastoryeveryevening.Wearetoldastorybyhimeveryevening.Astoryistoldtousbyhimeveryevening.2.Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.Iwasboughtanewbikeyesterday.Anewbikewasboughtformeyesterday.3.Willhetakehissistertothepark?Willhissisterbetakentotheparkbyhim?4.Heislookingforthelostkey.Thelostkeyisbeinglookedforbyhim.5.Thebossmadehimdotheheavywork.Hewasmadetodothehomework(bytheboss).6.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar变被动语态：课堂练习（一）改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._________________byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday.____________________byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._______________abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.______________________________byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter.__________________________byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．A．arenotkept；willhavetoB．arenotkept；haveC．donotkeep；willhavetoD．donotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．---Yes，italldependsontheweather．A．I'vebeentoldB．I'vetoldC．I'mtoldD．ItoldACA4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.