一.使用适当的关系词填空1.Thatistheboy______motherisafamousmusician.3.Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople________losttheirhomesinthe1906earthquake.that/who(which/that)whose复习限制性定语从句Revision4.I’llneverforgettheday_____(=___which)Iwasborn.5.Ivisitedthehouse_____(=__which)LuXunoncelived.6.Thereason_____(=___which)hegotworriedwasthis.whenonwhereinwhyfor对比2.ProfessorWanghasason,whoworksinBeijing.1.ProfessorWanghasasonwhoworksinBeijing.王教授有一个儿子,在北京工作。王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。grammarNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句构成:+,+关系词先行词Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotabeautifulgarden.我的房子有一个漂亮的花园,我是去年买的。JaneEyre,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isveryinteresting.简爱很有趣,我已经读了三遍了。ThisnotebookwasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.这个笔记本是汤姆留下的,刚才他还在这里。限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句功能形式修饰______修饰_____或__________逗号与主句分开___逗号与主句分开先行词先行词整个主句无有区别概念1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开。2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不是很密切,只是对先行词作些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句,写时往往用逗号分开。译法上译成先行词的定语“……的”,通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的指代关系指人指物在定语从句中的作用WhoWhomWhichwhose√√主语宾语主语宾语定语√√√宾语指代整个主句As关系副词(where,when)的指代关系指地点指时间在定语从句中的作用WhereWhen√√时间状语地点状语that,why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。tipAs引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首,指代整个的主句。常译为“正如正像”。介词+which观察Therehasn’tbeenanynewsabouthimsincehelefthome,whichupsetsme.自从他离开家后就没有他的任何消息,这使我很不安。TaiwanbelongstoChina,aseverybodyknows.Asisknowntous,TaiwanbelongstoChina.众所周知,台湾属于中国。which和as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别:1.意义不同Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.正如我们期望的,他作了一次很长的演讲。Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.他作了一次很长的演讲,这出乎意料。总结:as译为“正如,正像”,常在主动句中作宾语,在被动句中作主语,如asisknowntoall;which代指前面整个句子,译为“这”。2.位置不同Aswasreported,threepeoplediedintheaccident.正如报道的,三个人死于车祸。Allthepeoplediedintheaccident,whichshockedeveryone.所有的人都死于这起事故,这让每个人都很震惊。总结:as位置灵活,可以位于句首,也可以位于句中,而which不能位于句首。aswhich位置意义可位于主句____,____,________位于主句______________之前之中之后不能之前这,那正如正像总结——As常见表达•Asweallknow,•Asisknowntoall,•Asisoftenthecase,•Asisreported,•Asissaid,•Asisexpected,•众所周知,•这是常有的事,•正如所报道的那样,•正如所说的那样,•正如所预料的那样,非限制性定语从句的其他形式:有些非限制性定语从句可以由名词/数词/不定代词/比较级或最高级+ofwhich/whom组成。例如:1)Ourclassconsistsof60students,allofwhomlikeEnglish.2)Ihavealotoffriends,two-thirdsofwhomaregirls.3)Passmethebook,thecoverofwhichisred.小结限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义上从句与主句关系紧凑,从句对先行词起修饰限定作用,缺少从句会影响句意的完整。功能上结构上从句与主句的关系相对松散,从句用于补充主句的内容和信息,去掉从句不影响句意的完整。修饰先行词或整个句子1.主句,从句之间多用逗号隔开2.关系词很少可以省略3.不能用that引导修饰先行词1.没有停顿,主句与从句之间不用逗号2.关系词若作从句的宾语,可省略.3.可用that引导定语从句和各种句型的比较1.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.4.Hehastwosons,andbothof________areteachers.Thiswhichwhomthem能力提升5.ItwasSeptember_______wefirstmetinWenchang.6.ItwasinSeptember_______wefirstmetinWenchang.whenthat(简单句)(并列句)(强调句)7._______weallknow,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.8._______iswell-knownisthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.AsWhat(主语从句)_______________________________________________________________(表语从句){{{{•(1)Whichmakesherparentsalittleworried,sheispoorinEnglish.Attention注:which引导非限制性定语从句不能位于句首。SheispoorinEnglish,whichmakesherparentsalittleworried.•(2)Thenovel,thatIreadlastnight,isveryinteresting.Thenovel,whichIreadlastnight,isveryinteresting.注:that不能引导非限制性定语从句,做宾语时不能省略。(3)Thereason,whyhelooksunhappytoday,isunknowntous.Thereason,forwhichhelooksunhappytoday,isunknowntous.注:why不能引导非限制性定语从句,做宾语时不能省略。(4)Theyhavefourchildren,thedaughterofwhoisworkinginthatbigcompanynow.Theyhavefourchildren,thedaughterofwhomisworkinginthatbigcompanynow.注:“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,指人时用whom,指物时用which.1.(2012•全国高考)Thatevening,____Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:那天晚上我一直工作到很晚,我过后会告诉你关于那晚更详细的情况。该空引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作about的宾语,所以只能用which;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what不能引导定语从句;when可以引导非限制性定语从句,但是在从句中只作时间状语。故选B。【高考链接】2.(2012·浙江高考)Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,______,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:艾伦是一个画鸟和自然的画家,由于某种原因,他从社会退隐了。考查非限制性定语从句,Ellen是先行词,在从句中作主语。解题时,先把插入语forsomereason去掉。故选B。3.(2012·福建高考)Theairqualityinthecity,___isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.thatB.itC.asD.what【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意:正如报告所显示的,在过去的两个月里,这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。As“正如,就像”引导定语从句,先行词为airquality。A项that不能引导非限制性定语从句,B项it不能引导定语从句,D项what不能引导定语从句。4.(2011·北京高考)MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,______,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that5.(2011·陕西高考)Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,______weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that4.(2011·北京高考)MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,______,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that5.(2011·陕西高考)Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,______weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that6.(2011·江苏高考)Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which7.(2011·新课标全国卷)Theprizewillgotothewriter_______storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what