倒装句用法小结一般来说,倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装,有的倒装是因为语法需要而出现的,有的倒装则是因为结构平衡的需要而出现的。一、完全倒装(主谓倒装)是指把谓语全部提到主语的前面。例:InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.1.以here,there,now,then引导的句子,要完全倒装。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如:Herecomesthetrain!/Theregoesthebell!注意:若代词作主语,只把该副词提前主谓语序不变。Herehecomes./Hereitis.2句首是拟声词或out,in,up,away,down等副词,句子要完全倒装。(注意,这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词,也不能使用倒装结构。)如:Upwenttherocket./Upitwent.3.介词短语作状语在句首,句子要完全倒装。注意,这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如:Inthefrontofthelecturehallsatthespeaker.4.表语置于句首,且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如:Gonearethedayswhenwehanothingtoeat.5.so/neither/nor表前面所说的情况也适合于后者,其倒装结构为“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:Shehasfinishedherhomework,sohasherbrother.Shehasn’tgonethere,neither/norhashe.二、部分倒装(助动词倒装)是指把谓语的一部分(助动词)提到主语的前面。例:NeverinmylifehaveIseensuchathing.1.用于疑问句中。如:Howdidyoudothat?Didyouseethefilmyesterday?2.if从句中如有were(had,should),if省去后,要部分倒装,把were,had,should提到主语前面如:Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.---Hadyoucomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim3.as引导的让步状语从句,要部分倒装(表语、状语倒装)。有以下几种形式:(1)副词置于句首MuchasIlikeit(=AlthoughIlikeitverymuch),Iwillnotbuyit.(2)动词置于句首Waitasyoumay(=Althoughyoumaywait),hewillnotseeyou.(3).形容词或名词置于句首Proudasthenoblesare(=Althoughthenoblesareproud),theyareafraidtoseeme.Childasheis(=Althoughheisachild),hecantellrightfromwrong.注意:如果名词前有形容词修饰时,as引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。如:Abad-temperedmanasheis(=Althoughheisabad-temperedman),helovesmedeeply.4.句首为否定词或否定意义的词语时,句子要部分倒装(not,notonly,never,little,seldom,notuntil,hardly(scarcely),nosooner,notonce,atnotime,...)Littledoweknowabouthim.Nosoonerhadheclosedhiseyesthanhefellasleep.SeldomdoeshecomebackonSundays.NotuntilhecamebackdidIknowaboutit.5.only在句首引导状语,或notuntil引导的状语在句首,主句要部分倒装。如:OnlythendidIrealizetheimportantofEnglish./Onlywhenachildgrowsupdoesheunderstandhisparents’intentions.但若only修饰的是句子的其它成分,则无须倒装OnlysocialismcansaveChina.(only修饰句子的主语,仍用正常语序)6.notonly...butalso...引导两个并列句,前倒后不倒。如:Notonlydoeshedowellinhislessons,butalsoheoftenhelpsotherswiththeirlesso--ns.7.在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice./Oftenhavewemadethattest.8.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。Mayyousucceed!9.so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.so…that结构中的倒装。有时要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词,常将so连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时,主句要用倒装结构。如:Herunssofastthatheisfaraheadofothers.---Sofastdoesherunthatheisfaraheadofothers.Heissocleverthathecanworkoutallthedifficultproblemsinthebook.Socleverishethathecanworkoutallthedifficultproblemsinthebook.(全部倒装)10.状语位于句首表示强调或使句子平衡,或使上下文紧密衔接,句子要部分倒装。倒装句的用法1.在以here,there,in,out,up,down,away,back,now,then等副词开头的句子里,如果主语是名词,常用全部倒装。Outrushedtheboys./Thenfollowedthreedaysofheavyrain.若代词作主语,只把该副词提前主谓语序不变。Herehecomes./Hereitis.2.当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常常引起全部倒装。Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.3.以带有否定意义而且修饰全句的词开头的句子,要用“部分倒装”语序(倒装的方法跟变一般疑问句的方法相似,这类常见词有never,hardly,seldom,not,notonly,notuntil(引导从句时,主句“部分倒装”),little,rarely,nosooner...than,hardly...when,scarcely...when。例:NevershallIdothisagain.其中nosooner...than,hardly...when,scarcely...when表示“一„„就„„”的意思。nosooner,hardly,scarcely引出的主句要用“部分倒装”形式的过去完成时,than,when引出的从句用过去时NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.如果带有否定意义的词不是修饰全句,只是修饰主语,那么句子的主谓不必倒装。Scarcelyasoundcamefromamongthecrowd.4.so修饰形容词或副词,only修饰副词或状语放在句首时“部分倒装”。Sobadlywasheinjuredintheaccidentthathewassenttothehospitalfortreatment./OnlyinthiswaycanyoumasterEnglish.如果only修饰主语,句子则不倒装。例如:OnlyWangLinknowsthis.5.neither,nor或nomore放在句首,作“也不”讲时,所引导的句子部分倒装。Hecan’tanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.6.为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时,需倒装。Gonearethedayswhenweusedforeignoil.7.由as,though(although)引导的表示“虽然”,“尽管”的让步状语从句,用倒装语序,即把从句中的表语或状语等放在as的前面。