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语法难点突破之一——动词的时态语法专题突破.ThehouseswereoldandsmallPeopleusedtoliveinoldbuildings.Pollutionwasserious,andtherewasrubbisheverywhere.Thetrafficwasnotveryconvenientsothatfewpeoplecamehere.Nowgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.•Theenvironmenthasbecomemorebeautiful.•Theriverisclearerandtheskyisbluer.ManyfamilieshavenotonlycolorTVsets,butalsotelephones,fridges,computers,andsoon.Manypeopleallhavetheirowncars1)Thehouseswereoldandsmall.2)Peopleusedtoliveinoldbuildings.3)Nowgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.4)peoplearelivingahappylife.5)Manypeopleallhavetheirowncars.6)wewillhaveabetterlifeinthefuture.时态一、定义：在英语中，发生的动作要用不同的动词形式来表示，这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。不同时间语态时态etc.主动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时.过去将来时过去完成时现在完成时将来完成时现在进行时过去进行时v./v.s/esVed/不规则动词will+v/begoingto+vwould+v.had+Vp.phave/has+Vp.pwillhave+Vp.pam/is/are+Vingwas/were+Ving概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：1.一般现在时态(TheSimplePresentTense)表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或状态。do/does(三单)everyday,always,usually,often,sometimes,onSundays,threetimesaday,etcExercise1.Who___________(dance)bestinyourclass?2.Studentsusually__________(have)tenminutes’restbetweentwoclasses.danceshave一般现在时的用法2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。①Knowledge________(begin)withpractice.②Shesaidthattheseawater____(be)salty.beginsis1一般现在时的用法3）按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。此时句中有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时此时主主语是物：车，船，飞机等Thetrainleavesatthreethisafternoon.4）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将时.(when,before,if,assoonas,unless…【主将从现】①Ifitisfinetomorrow,wewillgotothecountryside.如果明天不下雨，我们将去野营。1)Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,we’llgoonapicnic.2)We_________(begin)ourclassassoonastheteacher______(come)3）Wedon’tknowifit___________(rain)tomorrow.Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,we’llnotgoforapicnic.doesn’trainwillbegincomeswillrainrains概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：2.一般过去时态(TheSimplePastTense)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态V+edyesterday,justnow,last…,in1945,atthattime;once;afewdaysago;when,etcExercise1.I___________(find)myrulerinmydesk.found2.Weand__________(see)lotsofbirds___________(fly)overthetrees.3.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.(2015全国II卷改错)flyingsawfiveminutesagolookeduptold一般过去时的注意点:1、当没有明显的时间状语时,描述几个相继发生过的动作Ialwaysgotuptoolate,washedmyface,hadaquickbreakfastandhurriedtoschool.2、since从句中常用一般过去时Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelast______(meet).met3.一般将来时1.一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注定要发生的事情。2.表示将来时的四种形式①will/shall+动词原形②begoingtodo③beabouttodo(正要干什么)④betodo3.常用时间状语：tomorrow,inthreedays，this…,next…,soon,etc.4．beabouttodo表示“正要干什么…”，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。常与when连用，when此时意思：就在这时，是并列连词构成句型：…beabouttodo…when….Iwasabouttoleavewhenitrained.Exercisewillbe1)Theradiosaysthatit________(be)sunnytomorrow.2)Itisreportedthataspacestation__________(built)onthemooninyearstocome.(2015安微卷改编)willbebuilt•考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：Wewillbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）•考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive,come,go,leave,start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.4.过去将来时态过去将来时态用法：1.表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态；2.用于宾语从句中，当主句中是过去时态时，从句中的一般将来时就变成过去将来时。Hesaidthathewouldwaitforusatthestation.他说他要在车站等我们。1)Atcollege,BarackObamadidn’tknowthathe_______(become)thefirstblackpresidentofAmerica.2)hepromisedthathe__________(join)us,buthehasn’tturnedupattheparty.5.现在进行时态(ThePresentContinuousTense)概念：常用时间状语：表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作now,listen,look,rightnow,thesedays,atthismoment,etcam/is/are+doing构成形式：1）“Whataretheydoing?”“They_____readyforthesportsmeeting.”(get)2）Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbus________(wait)forus.(2013四川高考)aregettingiswaiting概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：6.过去进行时态(ThePastContinuousTense)表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。was/were+doinga.atthistimeyesterday,fromseventoninelastnight,atthatmoment,etcb.When引导的时间状语从句IwasreadingabookwhenJimcalled.c.While引导的时间状语从句TheUFOtookoffwhilethemanwastakingphotos.1)She_________(phone)someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.2)Thetelephone_______(ring),butbythetimeIgotindoors,Itstopped.3)He__________(look)outofthewindowwhenthematch______(begin).wasphoningwasringingwaslookingbeganA.概念：构成形式：7.现在完成时态(ThePresentPerfectTense)发生在过去且对现在仍有影响的动作,强调对现在的影响.have/has+done常用时间状语：already,just,before,yet,never,ever,lately(最近）;recently（最近）,uptonow（直到现在）;sofar（到目前为止）,thesedays,inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days；overthepastfewyears;etc.1.Canyougotothemovieswithmetonight?Sorry,Ican’t.I____________myhomeworkyet.2.---I___________howtomakedumplingsbefore.Icanteachyouhowtomakethem.havelearnedhaven’tfinishedB.1.表示某个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，有可能在将来还要延续。2.主语+has/have+done+for/sinceIhavetaughtEnglishfor21years.since1992sinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.Hehasbeenawayfromhishomefor40years.3.动词必须为可延续性动词leave=beawayfrombegin=beonarrive=beinborrow=keepbuy=have…译下列句子：３、这本书他买了一年了4、这本书他借了三天了。5、我们离开广州六年了。Hehasboughtthisbookforayear.Hehashadthisbookforayear.Hehasborrowedthebookforthreedays.Hehaskeptthebookfor3days.WehaveleftGuangzhoufor6years.WehavebeenawayfromGuangzhoufor6years.×××短暂性动词不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用,必须转变成持续性动词C.1.Has/have+beento(曾经到过某地，人已回来)IhavebeentoHangzhoumanytimes.2.Has/have+goneto(去了某地，人在路上或在目的地）…WhereisMr.Green?…HehasgonetoLondon.•D：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名词＋that”后面跟现在完成时。例：It’sthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.ThisismyfirsttimethatIhadvisitedChina.(改错）.概