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Unit1GreatScientistsWhoishe?Whatishisachievement?•Agreatscientist•FatherofHybridRice•Themanwhoputsanendtohunger1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?5.Whodiscoveredradium?QuizArchimedes/.a:ki`mi:di:z/CharlesDarwinThomasNewcomenGregorMendelMarieCurie[mз‘ri][’kjuзri]Archimedes•AncientGreek(287-212BC)•Hewasamathematician(数学家).Hefoundthatifyouputanobjectintowater,thewaterpushestheobjectup.Itrisesandpartlyfloats.Theforceofthewaterpushingitupisthesameastheweightoftheobject.CharlesDarwin•Britain(1808-1882)•TheOriginofSpeciesThomasNewcomenHemadeasignificantcontributiontotheIndustrialRevolutionwithhisinventionoftheSteamengine.GregorMendel(G.J.孟德尔)Czech(1822-1884)ThefatherofgeneticsMarieCurie•PolishandFrench(1867-1934)6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?ThomasEdisonLeonardodaVinci[liəu'nɑ:dəudə'vintʃi]SirHumphryDavyZhangHengStephenHawkingThomasEdison•American(1847-1931)LeonardodaVinci•Italian(1452-1519)Majorworks:VirginoftheRocksTheLastSupperMonaLisaSirHumphryDavy•British(1778-1829)ZhangHeng•Chinese(78-139)StephenHawking•British(1942-)•TheoreticalPhysicistABriefHistoryofTimeJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Pre-reading:Makeapredictionaboutwhatthistextwillbeaboutaccordingtothetitle.JohnSnow•British(1813~1858)•alegendary(传说中的)figureinthehistoryofpublichealth,霍乱(cholera)，早期译作虎烈拉，是由霍乱弧菌所致的烈性肠道传染病(infectiousdisease)，解放后我国已消灭本病。霍乱为我国法定的甲级烈性传染病，要求在发现确诊或疑似病例后2小时内上报Thinkaboutotherinfectiousdiseasesyouhaveknown?ExtensiveReading1.Themainideaofthetext2.Readthewholetextandfinishexercise1inpage3JohnSnowdefeated“KingCholera”withthehelpofscientificresearchScientificResearchBasicstepsofscientificresearch1.Findaproblem2.Makeaquestion3.Thinkofamethod4.Collectresults5.Analyseresult6.Findsupportingevidence7.DrawaconclusionWhythesestepsarenecessaryforscientificresearch?CarefulReadingFinishthechart1.Findaproblem2.Makeaquestion3.Thinkofamethod4.Collectresults5.Analyseresult6.Findsupportingevidence7.Drawaconclusion---------Whatcausescholera?--------Whichtheoryiscorrect?--------GatherinformationwhenanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854----------Makeamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdied----------Lookintothesourceofwaterandanalysethewater----------Findsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeaths---------ThepollutedwatercarriedthevirusSolution1.Removethehandlefromthepump2.Thesourceofallthewaterbeexamined3.Watercompanieswereinstructednottoexposedpeopletopollutedwateranymore.ExerciseFillingtheblankswithusefulwordsandexpressionsinthetext•JohnSnowwasaveryexpertdoctorinLondon.Hethoughtaboutordinarypeople_____________cholera.Thereweretwotheorieshebecameinterestedin.Oneisthatcholera________•intheair,theotheristhatpeople__________thisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.•JohnSnow_________thatthesecondtheorywascorrect,andhedeterminedtofindoutwhy.First,hemarkedonamapwhichgavehimavaluablecluethatmanyofthedeathswerenearthe__________inBroadstreet.Itseemedthatthewater___________.•Next,JohnSnow__________thesourceofthewaterandfoundthatitcamefromtheriver________bythedirtywaterfromLondon.Afterthat,hefound_____________fromtwodeaths.Thenhewasableto_________withcertaintythat________carriedthevirus.exposedtomultipliedabsorbedsuspectedwaterpumpwastoblamelookedintopollutedannouncethewaterextraevidenceOpenQuestion1.Afterreadingthewholetext,whatdoyouthinkaboutJohnSnow?2.CanyounamesomeotherscientistsnowadayslikeJohnSnow?3.Whatdoyouthinktheyhaveincommon?LanguagePoints1.attendvt&vi[ə'tend]①tobepresentatanevent(出席；参加)②totakecareofsb/sth(照顾；看护)attendon/tosb/sth③attendtosb/sthn.attendance出席，参加attendant服务员，侍者attender参加者2.expose[iks'pəuz]①toshowsththatisusuallyhidden(暴露)②toputsb/sthinadangeroussituation（使暴露在危险之下）exposesb/sthtosth③使接触，使体验Themeetingwasattendedby90%oftheshareholders(股东).Ihavesomeurgentbussinesstoattendto.Hesmiledsuddenly,exposingasetofamazingwhithteath.PeopleexposedtoSARSshouldbeseperatedWeshouldexposeourselvestomuchartandculture.AttendnowtowhatItellyou3.absorbvt.[əb‘zɔ:b]①totakein(吸收液体、气体等)②interestsb(使全神贯注)词组：beabsorbedin被吸引，入迷4.suspectvt.[səs‘pekt]/n.[’sʌspect]①tohaveanideathatsthisprobablytrue(疑有，觉得)②tonottruststh(怀疑，感觉有问题，不信任)③嫌疑犯amurdersuspectPlantsabsorboxygen.Thisworkhadabsorbedhimformanyyears.JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywastrue.Isuspectedhermotives(动机)inofferingtohelp.6.announce[ə'nauns]vt①totellpeoplesthofficially(发表、告知、宣布)②宣布某人的到来③显示；预告5.severeadj.[si'viə]①extremelybadorserious（非常严重的）②notkind（严厉的；严格的）adv.severelyAsevereearthquakehitWenchuanlastyear.Ithinkyouaretoosevereontheboy.ThegovernmentannounceditsneweconomicHisservantannouncedMrandMrsWhite.Warmsunshineannouncesthecomingofspring.cur