初中时态列表比较时态概念结构时间状语否定和一般疑问句一般现在时表示经常、反复发生的动作或者行为及目前的某种状况,还可以用来表示某个事情的特点和性质。is/am/areoften,usually,always,sometimes,everyweek,never,onceaweek,onSundays主语+am/is/are+not+……主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+……Am/Is/Are+主语+……?Do/Does+主语+动词+……?v.原形/v.单三have/has一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或者状态,过去习惯性经常性的动作或者状态。was/wereago,yesterdayin1989onedayattheageoftwelvelonglongagothedaybeforeyesterdayjustnowlastweek/year/month/night主语+was/were+not+.......主语+didn’t+动词原形+.......Was/Were+主语+......?Did+主语+谓语动词+......?动词过去时Had一般将来时表示将来某个时间里发生的动作或者状态,或者将来某一段时间经常发生的动作或者状态。will/shall+v.tomorrowinthefuturenextweek/month/year主语+won’t+动词原形+…主语+isn’t/aren’t+goingto+动词原形+…Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+…?Am/Is/Are+主语+goingto+谓语动词+…?is/am/aregoingto+v.过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。would/should+V.thenextday/week/month/year等主语+wouldn’t/shouldn't+动词原形+…主语+wasn’t/weren’t+goingto+动词原形+…Would/Should+主语+动词原形+….?Was/Were+主语+goingto+谓语动词+…?was/weregoingto+v.现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作,或现阶段进行的动作,但说话时不一定正在进行。is/am/are+现在分词nowatthistimeatpresentthesedays主语+am/is/are+not+现在分词+…Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+…?过去进行时表示过去某个时间里正在发生的动作或者行为。was/were+现在分词thenatthattimeattenlastnight主语+wasn’t/weren’t+现在分词+......Was/Were+主语+现在分词+......?现在完成时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。have/has+过去分词alreadyjusteverneveryetsincesofarbeforefor主语+haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词+......Have/Has+主语+过去分词+......?现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。have/hasbeen+现在分词Sincefor主语+haven’t/hasn’tbeen+现在分词+......Have/Has+主语+been+现在分词+......?过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或者行为。had+过去分词bythetimebeforewegotthereafterbytheendof主语+hadn’t+过去分词+......Had+主语+过去分词+......+?时态的基本判定方式:一、时间状语同时态的关系:一般情况下,简单句可根据句中的时间状语确定谓语动词的时态。其判定方式如下:1、句中含有yesterday;lastyear(last+具体时间);twodaysago(一段时间+ago);justnow;thismorning;in2008(in+过去的年代);theotherday;overtheweekend等时间状语时,谓语动词用一般过去时;2、句中含有tomorrow;nextweek(next+具体时间);intwohours(in+一段时间);(how)soon;fromnowon;10yearsfromnow(一段时间+fromnow);inthefuture;in2012(in+将来的年代);by(theendof)nextmonth(by+将来时间);fortheweekend;thisafternoon;thisevening;tonight;thisweekend等时间状语时,谓语动词用一般将来时;3、句中既有yesterday等过去时间状语,又有一个具体时间点(at5:00;thistime;atthattime)时,谓语动词用过去进行时;4、句中含有recently;inthelast/pasttwoyears(inthelast/past+一段时间);overtheyears(overthe+一段时间);since2005(since+具体时间或从句);fortwoyears(for+一段时间,句中无其它时间状语);before(单独用于句尾)等时间状语时,谓语动词用现在完成时;5、by(theendof)lastyear(by+过去时间);twodaysbefore(一段时间+before);for和since说明的时间同时用于句中;bythetime+从句(过去时态)等时间状语时,谓语动词用过去完成时;6、简单句中如不含上述时间状语或有含说话时间在内的表示现在时间关系的词语时(如now;today;thesedays等词),其时态的判定一般按以下步骤进行:------句中是否含有表示频率关系的词。如有,用一般现在时;------句子是否说明客观规律。如是,用一般现在时;------句中动词是否表示状况。如是,用一般现在时;------句中动词是否为延续性动态动词。如是,用现在进行时;------句中动词是否为完成性动词(瞬间动词)。如是,用现在完成时。二、主从句时态的一致性原则:主从复合句可根据其时态一致性原则,通过主从句中任意一个句子的时态确定另外一个句子的时态;含有时间状语从句的主从句还可通过其引导词所表示的不同时间关系,确定主句和从句的时态。三、通过上下文关系判定时态:另外我们还可以根据并列谓语的时态一致性原则、问句和答语的时态一致关系、无转折时间的短文时态一致原则等上下文时态的关联以及句子的逻辑关系来判定句子中谓语动词的时态。Exercises()1.What_____you_____overtheweekend?A.will;doB.does;doC.did;doD.were,;doing()2.XiaoLiusually_____toschoolbybikelastyear.A.goesB.wentC.willgoD.isgoing()3.What_____inourtown100yearsfromnow?A.happenedB.ishappenedC.hashappenedD.willhappen()4.Mr.Smith_____toseeyouinanhour.A.cameB.hascomeC.willcomeD.comes()5._____you_____fromyourparentsrecently?A.Did;hearB.Have;heardC.Do;hearD.Will;hear()6.We_____TVathomethistimelastnight.A.werewatchingB.watchedC.havewatchedD.wouldwatch()7.We_____over1500Englishwordsbytheendoflastmonth.A.havelearnedB.hadlearnedC.willlearnD.learnt()8.She_____inShanghaifortenyearssince1992.A.haslivedB.hadlivedC.livedD.willlive()9.She_____inShanghaifortenyears.A.haslivedB.hadlivedC.livedD.willlive()10.Weallknowthattheearth_____roundthesun.A.goesB.wentC.isgoingD.willgo()11.“Wherearetheboys?”“They_____soccerontheplayground.”A.playB.areplayingC.wereplayingD.played()12.Look!Lucy_____underthetree.A.readsB.isreadingC.wasreadingD.read()13.He_____morethan200modelcarsinthelastfiveyears.A.hascollectedB.hadcollectedC.collectedD.willcollect()14.Jim_____alettertohisparentsat7:30lastnight.A.hadwrittenB.wroteC.wouldwriteD.waswriting()15.TheSmiths_____inBeijingsincetwoweeksago.A.stayedB.werestayingC.wouldstayD.havestayed()16.“When_____you_____thebike?”“LastMonday.”A.have;boughtB.did;buyC.will;buyD.do;buy()17.Look!Theboy_____Englishnow.A.likesB.likedC.islikingD.wasliking()18.Moststudentsinourclass_____TVtwiceaweek.A.watchB.watchedC.willwatchD.arewatching()19.Howsoon_____they_____backfromwork?A.do;comeB.did;comeC.have;comeD.will;come()20.“Where_____you_____Mr.Li?”“Inhisoffice,halfanhourago.”A.will;seeB.did;seeC.have,seenD.do;see()21.I_____anewdictionary.Look!It’sveryuseful.A.boughtB.willbuyC.haveboughtD.wouldbuy()22.Iwon’twatchthemovietonight.I_____itbefore.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.hadseen()23.Hello!I_____knowyou_____inChengdu.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?A.didn’t;wereB.don’tareC.didn’t;areD.don’t;were()24.He_____afireandthencookedameal.A.hadmadeB.wasmakingC.madeD.hasmade()25.IfI_____timetomorrow,Iwillgotovisitmygrandfather.A.haveB.willhaveC.wouldhaveD.amhaving()26.I’mgoingtobeadoctorwhenI_____up.A.growB.willgrowC.grewD.amgrowing()27.Thefilm_____onforfiveminuteswhenIgottothecinema.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.is()28.She_____dinne