Research-Proposal-的写作主要包括以下几个部分

ResearchProposal的写作主要包括以下几个部分：1.Statementofyourhypothesis2.ReviewofRelatedLiterature3.Methodology4.Analysisoftheproblemsorsignificantissuesinvolved.(Statistics)5.SummaryofyourfindingsandyourconclusionsandrecommendationsResearchProposal一般的长度控制在2000-3000词左右,必须回答下列问题:Whatyouplantoaccomplish,whyyouwanttodoitandhowyouaregoingtodoit.必须要让读者相信youhaveanimportantresearchidea,重要的研究想法thatyouhaveagoodgraspoftherelevantliteratureandthemajorissues,对主要问题和相关文献有很好的把握andthatyourmethodologyissound.方法是对路的【题目】：简单描述性，Aninvestigationof可以省略【摘要】：300词，包括theresearchquestion,therationaleforthestudy,thehypothesis(ifany),themethodandthemainfindings.Descriptionsofthemethodmayincludethedesign,procedures,thesampleandanyinstrumentsthatwillbeused.【Introduction】：为研究的问题提供主要的背景首先，让你的研究问题在一个当前热门或者仍旧可以讨论的旧领域的上下文中。其次,要提供简单但恰当的历史背景。第三,提供你的研究问题占据中心位置的当代上下文。最后,确定“核心问题”和最相关的代表出版物。简而言之，突出研究问题的重要性。Theintroductiongenerallycoversthefollowingelements:1.Statetheresearchproblem,whichisoftenreferredtoasthepurposeoftheStudy.陈述研究问题，作为研究的目的2.Providethecontextandsetthestageforyourresearchquestioninsuchawayastoshowitsnecessityandimportance.用能够显示必要性和重要性的方式，提供研究问题的背景3.Presenttherationaleofyourproposedstudyandclearlyindicatewhyitisworthdoing.提出研究的根据，清楚表明为什么值得研究4.Brieflydescribethemajorissuesandsub-problemstobeaddressedbyyourResearch.简要描述你研究的主要问题和次要问题。7.Setthedelimitationorboundariesofyourproposedresearchinordertoprovideaclearfocus.界定研究问题Providedefinitionsofkeyconcepts.(Thisisoptional.)为重要概念进行定义【LiteratureReview】Theliteraturereviewservesseveralimportantfunctions:1.Ensuresthatyouarenotreinventingthewheel.2.Givescreditstothosewhohavelaidthegroundworkforyourresearch.3.Demonstratesyourknowledgeoftheresearchproblem.4.Demonstratesyourunderstandingofthetheoreticalandresearchissuesrelatedtoyourresearchquestion.5.Showsyourabilitytocriticallyevaluaterelevantliteratureinformation.6.Indicatesyourabilitytointegrateandsynthesizetheexistingliterature.7.Providesnewtheoreticalinsightsordevelopsanewmodelastheconceptualframeworkforyourresearch.8.Convincesyourreaderthatyourproposedresearchwillmakeasignificantandsubstantialcontributiontotheliterature(i.e.,resolvinganimportanttheoreticalissueorfillingamajorgapintheliterature).【Methods】给出研究计划，描述完成项目必要的行为。Itwillprovideyourworkplananddescribetheactivitiesnecessaryforthecompletionofyourproject.必须给出充分的信息让读者相信方法是合理的、最恰当有效的。itshouldcontainsufficientinformationforthereadertodeterminewhethermethodologyissound.【Results】Obviouslyyoudonothaveresultsattheproposalstage.However,youneedtohavesomeideaaboutwhatkindofdatayouwillbecollecting,andwhatstatisticalprocedureswillbeusedinordertoansweryourresearchquestionortestyouhypothesis.【Discussion】Youneedtocommunicateasenseofenthusiasmandconfidencewithoutexaggeratingthemeritsofyourproposal.Thatiswhyyoualsoneedtomentionthelimitationsandweaknessesoftheproposedresearch,whichmaybejustifiedbytimeandfinancialconstraintsaswellasbytheearlydevelopmentalstageofyourresearcharea.常见错误：1.Failuretoprovidethepropercontexttoframetheresearchquestion.2.Failuretodelimittheboundaryconditionsforyourresearch.3.Failuretocitelandmarkstudies.4.Failuretoaccuratelypresentthetheoreticalandempiricalcontributionsbyotherresearchers.5.Failuretostayfocusedontheresearchquestion.6.Failuretodevelopacoherentandpersuasiveargumentfortheproposedresearch.7.Toomuchdetailonminorissues,butnotenoughdetailonmajorissues.8.Toomuchrambling--goingalloverthemapwithoutaclearsenseofdirection.(Thebestproposalsmoveforwardwitheaseandgracelikeaseamlessriver.)9.Toomanycitationlapsesandincorrectreferences.10.Toolongortooshort.11.FailingtofollowtheAPAstyle.12.Sloppingwriting.