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SectionⅢGrammar—现在时态和以ing与ed形式结尾的形容词语法图解①IliveinShijiazhuang,acitynotfarfromBeijing.②Theteacherswriteonthecomputer,andtheirwordsappearonthescreenbehindthem.③Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.探究发现④Theearthmovesaroundthesun.⑤Thesportsmeetingwillbeputoffifitrainstomorrow.⑥ThetrainforBeijingleavesat12：00.⑦Weareusinganewtextbook.⑧I’mwritingdownmythoughtsaboutit.⑨Howmanyofyouarecomingtothepartytonight?⑩Sheisalwaysfindingfaultswithothers.⑪Theclassroomsareamazing.⑫Iwascompletelyamazedbytheclassroom.[我的发现](1)一般现在时表示经常性的或习惯性的动作，或现阶段内存在的状态。如例句。(2)一般现在时还可表示客观事实或普遍真理。如例句。(3)一般现在时可以表示。如例句⑤⑥。(4)现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。如例句。①②③④将来⑦⑧(5)现在进行时还可以表示。如例句⑨。(6)现在进行时与频度副词连用还可表示说话者的情绪。如例句。(7)以ing结尾的形容词，常表示“”。如例句⑪。以ed结尾的形容词，常表示“”。如例句⑫。将来⑩令人……的感到……的一、一般现在时和现在进行时1．一般现在时(1)表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态。常与always,often,usually,seldom,sometimes,hardly,never,everyday,onceaweek等连用。Heoftenhelpshisstudentswiththeirstudies.他经常在学习上帮助他的学生们。Hetakesawalkaftersuppereveryday.他每天晚饭后散步。(2)表示主语现在的特征或所处的状态。HelikesreadingwhilehiswifelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢读书而他的妻子喜欢看电视。Hehasauniquewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.他有一种独特的方法使得他的课生动有趣。(3)表示客观事实或普遍真理。ChinaliesintheeastofAsia.中国在亚洲的东部。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光的传播速度比声音快。(4)在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。Ifitisfinetomorrow,weshallvisittheGreatWall.如果明天晴天，我们就去游览长城。WhenIgraduate,I’llgobacktothecountryside.我毕业后将回农村。(5)表示按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作，仅限于少数动词，如begin,leave,go,arrive,start等。Themeetingbeginsateight.会议八点开始。Thetrainstartsatnineinthemorning.火车早上九点出发。[即时演练1]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Myfather(give)tendollarstomysistereveryweek.②He(enjoy)stayingwithhisfamilyonweekends.③We’llgotoBeijingifit(notrain)tomorrow.④Thesun(rise)intheeastand(set)inthewest.⑤Theplane(take)offat11：30and(arrive)inShanghaiat13：20.givesenjoysdoesn’trainrisessetstakesarrives2．现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在发生、进行着的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作。Someofthepassengersarelookingoutofthewindowsatthemoment.此刻一些旅客正望着窗外。Heispreparingfortheexam.他正在准备考试。(2)少数动词，如：go,come,leave,arrive,return,begin,die,lose等，其现在进行时可以表示预计将要发生的动作。Myuncleiscomingbackfromabroad.我舅舅要从国外回来。(3)现在进行时表示说话人的某种情绪(赞扬、不满、责备等)，常与always,constantly,continually,forever,allthetime等状语连用。Heisalwaysaskinghisparentsformoney.他老是向父母要钱。Whyareyoualwaysfindingfault?你为什么总是吹毛求疵？[即时演练2]用所给动词的适当形式填空①I(write)aletternow.Willyoupleaseturndowntheradio?②Healways(think)moreofothersthanofhimself.③Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane(take)off.④Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbus(wait)forus!⑤Hiswife(quarrel)withhimallthetime.amwritingisthinkingistakingiswaitingisquarreling3．现在进行时与一般现在时的区别现在进行时指此刻或近一段时间正在进行的动作；一般现在时则指经常性、习惯性的动作。Hepractisesplayingthepianoinhissparetime.他业余时间练习弹钢琴。(几乎每天如此，成为一种习惯)He’spractisingplayingthepianothesedays.这段时间他在练习弹钢琴。(以前可能不这样)Teenagersaredamagingtheirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.青少年正在损害自己的健康，因为他们玩的电脑游戏太多了。[即时演练3]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Hurry!Thetrain(leave).Youknowit(leave)at8：00a．m.②“Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow”，Grannyusedtosay,“becauseeverystep(show)．”③Whyyouconstantly(ask)suchastupidquestion?④Listentothegirlsbythewindow.Whatlanguagethey(speak)?isleavingleavesshowsareaskingarespeaking二、以ing和ed结尾的形容词以ing和ed结尾的形容词，常用来表示“特征”和“状态”。ing结尾的形容词，主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征，通常译为“令人……的”。ed结尾的形容词，通常用于说明句中主语(人)的情绪变化，常译为“某人感到……的”。此类形容词常见的有：encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的astonishing令人惊呆的astonished惊呆的surprising令人惊奇的surprised感到惊奇的frightening令人害怕的frightened害怕的tiring令人厌倦的tired感到厌烦的amazing令人惊讶的amazed感到惊讶的boring令人讨厌的bored感到厌烦的exciting令人兴奋的excited感到激动的embarrassing令人尴尬的embarrassed尴尬的disappointing令人失望的disappointed失望的[名师点津]以ed结尾的形容词，也可修饰事物，被修饰词多为look(表情)，smile(微笑)，appearance(外貌)，cry(哭声)，voice(声音)，mood(情绪)等显示人的情感状况的名词。此时需注意其修饰事物时与以ing结尾的形容词修饰事物时意义的不同。asurprisinglook令人吃惊的表情(表情让别人吃惊)asurprisedlook惊讶的表情(自己吃惊)anamazingface令人惊奇的面孔anamazedface惊奇的面孔[即时演练4]用所给词的适当形式填空①Thefatherwasatthenewsthathissonfailedtheexam.(disappoint)②Therewasalookonhisfacewhenheheardthenews.(surprise)③Iwasattheletter,whichwastomyclassmates.(amaze)④Thechildrenwerewhentheysawthefilm.(encourage)⑤Thequestionsthereportersaskedsometimeswereandtheymademe.(embarrass)disappointeddisappointingsurprisedsurprisingamazedamazingencouragedencouragingembarrassingembarrassedⅠ.单句语法填空1．Myfatheralways(come)backfromworkverylate.2．He(write)abookaboutChinesehistorythesedays.3．Thegirl(like)wearingaskirt.Look!She(wear)aredskirttoday.4．Theteacherisbusy.He(sleep)sixhoursaday.5．Listen!Someone(sing)inthenextroom.Whoisit?comesiswritinglikesiswearingsleepsissinging6．Theplane(take)offat10am.Sowehaveenoughtimetogettotheairport.7．Thatpieceofmusicsoundsquitefamiliar.Who(play)thepianoupstairs?8．I(do)allthecookingformyfamily,butrecentlyI’vebeentoobusytodoit.9．Thestoryhetolduswasveryandweweredeeply.(move)10．Agoodteacherknowshowtoturna(bore)lessonintoan(interest)one.takesisplayingdomovingmovedboringinterestingⅡ.完成句子1．WhenIalittlenervous.当我讲英语时，经常感到有些紧张。2．(2015·北京高考书面表达)Imyexcitingplanforthesummerholiday.我写信告诉你我的令人激动的暑假计划。3．that50%oftheschoolkids最近的研究表明，有50%的学生不吃早饭。speakEnglish,IoftenfeelamwritingtotellyouArecentstudyshowsdon’thavebreakfast.4．Wewereverypleasedtohearthis听到这个令人鼓舞的消息，我们十分高兴