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初三英语被动语态【知识总结归纳】一.概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二.主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We→主动语态主语谓语宾语状语→被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三.各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比(p.p:pastparticiple过去分词)时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are+P.P.（1）DotheyspeakFrench?（2）Theydon’tusetheroomIsFrenchspokenbythem?Theroomisn’tusedbythem.一般过去时was/were+p.p.（1）Thehunterkilledatiger.（2）Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.Manystorieswaswrittenbyhimlastyear.现在进行时am/is/are+being+p.p.(1)Theseworkersarebuildinganewbridge(2)Heismendinghiscar.Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseworkers.Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.过去进行时was/were+being+p.p.(1)Hewassellingbooks(2)TheywerediscussingtheplanatthattimeBookswerebeingbuiltbyhim.Theplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematthattime现在完成时have/has+been+p.p.(1)ShehaslearnedmanyEnglishwords.(2)Hehasfinishedthework.ManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.过去完成时had+been+p.p.(1)Theyhassolvedtheproblem.(2)Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.Theproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.一般将来时shall/willbe+p.p.(1)Ishallmakeaplan(2)Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.Aplanwillbemadebyme.Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.过去将来时wouldbe+p.p.was/weregoingtobe+p.p.(1)Hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom(2)Theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.Hetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedbythem.Aplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthenextweek情态动词can/may/must/should+be+p.p.(1)Weshouldhandinourhomework.(2)YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglishOurhomeworkshouldbehandedinbyus.ThequestionmustbeansweredinEnglishbyyou.四.如何正确使用被动语态1.有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）WeareoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhimInterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim（被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有：tell,show,lend,pass等。2.在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）宾语补足语宾语复合宾语Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）▲有这种用法的常用动词有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。3.有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”比较：(1)Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的(系表结构)ThedoorisclosedbyFengping.这个门是由冯平来关的.(被动语态)(2)Theglassisbroken.这个玻璃杯是坏的(系表结构)TheglasswasbrokenbyMary.这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的(被动语态)4.只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。eg.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina.Thedolphindisappearedinthedeepsea.Thedolphinwasdisappearedinthedeepsea.【题型展示】1.AtalkonChinesehistory____intheschoolhallnextweek.A.begivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.willgive答案：C2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish____intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow答案：B3.Youmaygofishingifyourwork____.A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone答案：A4.Thetreesmust____threetimesaweek.A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters答案：C5.—Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessSue____,too.—YoumeanifSuecomesyou’llcome?A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited答案：D6.Ilikemynewbike.It____verywell.A.ridesB.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden答案：A7.Mr.Chenhasalondvoice.Hisvoicecan____clearlyeveninthatbigclassroom.A.hearB.beheardC.behearingD.haveheard答案：B8.—It’stimetodoyourhomework,Jack.—Yes,Mum.I’llturnofftheTVassoonastheprogramme_____.A.endsB.endC.willbeendedD.willend答案：A9.You____tothemeeting,whydidn’tyougo?A.beinvitedB.willbeinvitedC.wereinvitedD.areinvited答案：C10.Alotoftrees_____alongtheriverlastyear.A.plantedB.areplantedC.wereplanted答案：C【实战模拟】一.选择填空1.TheriverssmellsterriblePeoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopformthrowing2.Paper____firstinventedinChina.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3.—Doyouliketheflower?—Yes,it____sweet.A.issmellingB.smeltC.issmeltD.smells4.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.Theground_____thicksnow.A.wascoveredwithB.wasfilledwithC.wasmadeofD.coveredwith5.Thelightintheroom_____beforeyouleave.A.mustturnofB.willturnoffC.areturnedD.mustbeturnedoff6._____thekindofquestionoften___inyourclass,Ann?A.Does,askB.Is,askedC.Has,askedD.Will,ask7.Thebridge____inthreeweeks.A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.builds8.Theoldmenandthechildrenmust______inourcountry.A.takegoodcareB.betakengoodcareC.takegoodcareofD.betakengoodcareof9.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning10.Thegirlwasunhappybecauseshe____bysomeboysintheclass.A.islaughedB.waslaughedC.laughedatD.waslaughedat11.We____thattheEnglishtest____nextMonday.A.aretold,givesB.tell,willgiveC.aretold,willbegivenD.told,isgoingtobegiven12.Greatchanges____placeinChinasince1978.A.havebeentakenB.havetakenC.hasbeentakenD.took13.____theredpencil-box____byyourfatherlastweek?A.Has,boughtB.Was,boughtC.Does,buyD.Did,buy14.Mary_____manysongsattheparty.A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.washeardtosing15._____treesusually_____inApril?A.Have,plantedB.Are,plantedC.Do,plantD.Were,planted16.Whenwegotthere,thebrokenroad____repaired.A.isbeingB.wasbeingC.hasbeenD./17.Thewindowsoftheroom____onceaweek.A.hasbeencleanedB.iscleanedC.arecleanedD.arecleaning18.In1620,abouthalftheUSA___forests.A.wascoveredB.wascoveredbyC.werefilledwithD.coveredwith19.Theyoungtree____thestick.A.shouldbetiedtoB.mustbetiedbyC.shouldtietoD.canbetiedwith20.A