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金融财经类词汇a－zAaccommodativemonetarypolicy适当的货币政策accordingtotheinternationalpractice按照国际惯例adverseselection逆向选择adjustablefatigue调整疲劳症affordablehousingprojects安居工程aggregatedemand总需求（社会总需求）aggregatepurchasingpower社会商品购买力aggregatesupply总供给（社会总供给）allocativeefficiency资源配置效率allocativedecision(基金等的)分配方案anti-dumpingduty反倾销税anti-inflationpolicy反通货膨胀政策arm’slengthtransactions独立交易；非关系户交易ArticleVIIIcountry经常项目可兑换的国家；接受国际货币基金组织协定第八条款austeritypolicies紧缩政策autarky封闭经济（指由政府造成的，含贬义）Bbluechipstock蓝酬股bondedarea保税区bottom(trough)ofbusinesscycle周期谷底bridgebank过度银行budgetconstraint预算约束businesscycle经济周期businesstax营业税buyer’smarket买方市场CCaymanIslanders（为逃避监管）在开曼岛注册的（金融）机构capacityutilization设备利用率capitalaccountconvertibility资本项目可兑换capitalbudget建设性预算capitalflight资本外逃；资本抽逃capitalreflow资本回流carryovereffect翘尾因素cautiousinlending慎贷centralbanklending中央银行贷款（再贷款）chaindebts三角债chamberofcommerce商会changeinreserveassets储备资产增减change-of-ownership-basedaccountingprinciple所有权核算原则CHIBOR(Chinainter-bankofferedrate)中国同业拆借市场利率ChinaInsuranceClause(CIC)中国保险条款CHIPS(ClearingHouseInter-bankPaymentSystem)同业支付清算系统circuitbreaker涨跌停板citycommercialbank城市商业银行claimsonthenon-financialsector对非金融部门债权clearinghouse清算所closedeconomy不开放经济commodity-relatedcashreflow商品回笼competitivedevaluation竞争性贬值concealedaccounts账外账concertedintervention联手干预conditionalconvertibility有条件的可兑换conditionality（国际货币基金组织的）贷款条件conductofmonetarypolicy制定和执行货币政策conformtoacertainstandard符合一定的标准conservatorship托管consumerpriceindex（CPI）消费物价指数contagioneffect扩散效应convergencecriteria趋同标准convertiblecurrency可兑换货币cost-pushinflation成本推动型通货膨胀countercyclicalpolicy逆周期政策countervailingduty反补贴税creditcontrol信贷规模控制creditcrunch信贷紧缩creditrating信用评级creditratings资信评级creditreferencesystem信用查询系统credittorelatedinterest对关系人贷款creditworthiness信誉度creditorcountry债权国cross-borderbanking跨境银行业务currencyboard货币局制currencycomposition币种构成currencymismatch币种搭配不当currencyoutsidebank流通中现金currentaccount经常项目currentaccountconvertibility经常项目可兑换currentbudget经常性预算custodyofgovernmentdebt国债托管customsandpractice惯例与做法cyclicaldivergence经济周期不同步Ddebtfatigue债务疲劳症debtforgiveness债务减免debtoverhang债务过重debtrescheduling债务重组debtserviceratio偿债率（当年应付本金和利息与出口总值之比）debt-equityswap债权转股权debtorcountry债务国deflation通货紧缩demandelasticity需求弹性demandexpansion需求膨胀demand-pullinflation需求拉动型通货膨胀denominationmismatch币种搭配不当depositinsurancesystem存款保险体系depositmoneybanks存款货币银行deregulation放松管制derivative（金融）衍生工具diminishingreturns收益递减规律disbursementofforeigncapital实际利用外资disguisedirregular(orillegal)fundraising变相社会集资disguisedunemployment隐蔽性失业disintermediation脱媒现象；信贷资金绕过中介机构循环disinvestment投资萎缩效应distortedsignals信号失真distributionalefficiency产品分配效益domesticcredit国内信贷总额domesticdebt内债down-streamenterprises下游企业dualexchangeratesystem汇率双轨制；双重汇率制Eearly-warningsystem风险遇警系统easingmonetarypolicy放松银根economicdepression经济萧条economicfundamentals宏观经济基本状况；经济基本面economicindicators经济指标economicrecession经济衰退economicsanction经济制裁economicstagnation经济停滞economiesofscale规模效益economiesofscope多元效益effectivesupply有效供给effectivetaxrate实际税率electronicdatainterchange(EDI)电子数据交换emergingmarket新兴市场endogenousshock内生冲击enforcementaction强制措施entrenchedinterest既得利益excesscapacity生产能力过剩exchangeratemisalignment汇率失调exogenousshock外生冲击expenditurechangingpolicy影响支出的政策export-orientedeconomy出口导向型经济externaldebt外债externalliberalization对外开放Ffinalconsumption最终消费finalproduct最终产品financecompanies财务公司financialcrisis金融危机financialdeepening金融深化financialderivatives金融衍生物financialdisintermediation脱媒；资金体外循环financialdisturbance金融风波financialfragility金融脆弱financialoligarch金融寡头financialpanic金融恐慌financialrepression金融压抑financialturbulence金融动荡financialunsoundness金融不稳键financinggap资金缺口fineturning微调fiscalagent国库代理fiscalconsolidation财政整顿（包括增收节支和改善结构）fiscalcreationofmoney财政性发行fiscaloutcome财政决算fiscaloverdraft财政透支fiscalrestraint财政节制fitandpropertest（对高级管理人员的）资格审查flighttoquality资本逃险；资本惊逃forcedsaving强迫储蓄foreigndirectinvestment外国直接投资foreignexchangecover外汇抛补foreignexchangereserves外汇储备foreignexchangesurrender结汇foreignexchangeswap外汇调剂freelyconvertiblecurrency可自由兑换货币frictionalunemployment摩擦性失业fullemployment充分就业fullfacevalue全部面值fundamentalanalysis基本面分析GGDPdeflator国内生产总值缩减指数generalgovernment广义政府（包括地方政府和中央政府）generalmarketrisk一般市场风险goodwill商誉governmentdivestiture政企分开（离）governmentsector政府部门governmentsecuritiesrepurchase国债回购grosscapitalformation资本形成总额grossdomesticproduct(GDP)国内生产总值grossnationalproduct(GNP)国民生产总值grossretailsales社会商品零售额Hhardcurrency硬通货heavily-indebtedpoorcountries(HIPCs)重债穷国hedgefund对冲基金；避险基金；套利基金herdinstinct羊群效应hiddeninflation隐蔽性通货膨胀hiddenunemployment隐蔽性失业homecountry母国hostiletakeover敌意收购hotmoney热钱；游资hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀Iincentivestructure激励机制incomespolicy收入政策Incoterms国际贸易术语解释通则independentaccounting独立核算indexation指数化industrialpolicy产业政策infantindustry幼稚产业inflationexpectation通货膨胀预期inflationinertia通货膨胀惯性inflationtax通货膨胀税informatics信息产品informationasymmetry信息不对称informationdisclosure信息披露inheritancetax遗产税insidertransactions内幕交易insolvency资不抵债；失去支付能力InstituteofLondonUnderwriters伦敦保险协会institutionalinvestors机构投资者institutionalpurchasingpower社会集团购买力institutionalshareholders法人股东intellectualproperty知识产权interlockingrelati