感谢您选择智翔教育,智翔内部教学资料助力您成绩突飞猛进!高老师联系电话(微信)15875645670高考冲刺:篇章结构题型解题技巧编稿:陈玉莲审稿:题型介绍“六选五”、“七选五”题型试题特点给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章,对应有六个或七个选项,要求考生根据文章结构、内容,选出正确的句子,填入相应的空白处。主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。(考试说明)选项特点:主旨概括句(文章整体内容);过渡性句子(文章结构);注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)阅读填空题试题特点要求考生在读完一篇短文后,根据文中相关的内容,填写表格。它要求考生归纳概括文中的要点,并根据一定的线索把相关的内容以表格的形式有序地表达出来。阅读填空属于综合能力考查题,强调主观表述,主要考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力。它既考查考生快速获取信息的能力,也考查组织信息、表达信息的能力。测试要求1.对文章中所提供的关键信息的正确判断和采集。2.适当的句型转换。3.正确地使用英语解释英语。4.对原文细节信息的正确理解。5.对主旨大意的归纳。解题技巧“六选五”、“七选五”题型【链接高清】1.通读全文及选项。2.分析选项是主题句还是细节句。主题句通常在段首或段尾。细节句常位于句中。3.留意选项中的代词或上下文的代词。如:it,them,they,he等。4.留意连词so,but,however,and等。5.留意副词如first,second,third,also等。6.注意关键词。有时在文中会出现和选项中一样的词,或同义词或反义词或解释说明。7.留意并列句。如上一句中如有13%,有一个选项中有38%,则选与此相关的含有数字的选项。如文章都是Didyou...?Didyou...?那么就选有Didyou的选项。感谢您选择智翔教育,智翔内部教学资料助力您成绩突飞猛进!高老师联系电话(微信)158756456708.如果主题句是祈使句,则选项同一位置也应选祈使句。9.根据上下文的逻辑关系来决定选项。10.分析干扰项。◆阅读填空题直接信息题所谓直接信息题,即能直接从文章中找到答题信息句,且能直接套用文中信息句中的某个原词或短语而不需改变其词性,甚至不需改变其词形。例如:根据信息句“Whatcomesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone’sideasdeserveconsiderationandeachgroupmembercanmakehisorherowncontribution.”判断填空:“Keepanopenmindto________”.但有时为满足同一单元格中表达形式一致的原则,而需改变原词的词形。考生带着表格信息快速浏览原文时,应学会带着问题有意识地在细节处和关键处做标记。标记段落主题句、文中醒目词time,age,number,place,suggestions,tips,ways等。表格中的语意表达一般不完全与文章中的原句表达相同,它显得更简洁、清楚,其表达方式多为短语,偶尔为句子。因此,找到答题信息句后,考生应注意分析、比较、推敲表格与原文在表达上的异同。此时,首先找到两者在表达上的共同点,再推敲其不同点,而后分析文中原句的主干结构,比较实词的对应关系。经过这样一番思考,一定能敲定正确答案。归纳概括题标题归纳题:根据“文章主旨句大多出现在三个位置:文章首段,一段末二段首转折后信息,文章末段”的特点,可有意识地从上述三个位置找到文章主题句,再加以准确概括,确定语篇标题。此外,常用于概括文章标题的词有:development,history,introduction,study,research,experiment,information,future。需注意的是,阅读填空题的标题表达常以(动)名词短语形式为主。段落归纳题段落归纳概括题常位于表格的左栏,能最大限度覆盖相应行、列或单元格的全部信息,常为名词、名词短语或动(名)词短语。段落主题句多在段首,其次在段尾,偶在段中,因此在读文章时要尤其注意段首尾,宜及时标注主题句。要善于根据上下文的逻辑关系确认关键词。值得注意的是,有时所填写的概括词不能照抄主题句中的关键词,而需根据表达要求改变其词形或词性,甚至是另换一词。也可以根据文中信息词判定概括词。例如,根据how判断用ways,tips,methods,solutions,etc.;根据why,because,resultin,leadto,becausedby等判断用reasons,causes;根据inshort,allinall判断用summary;根据referto,be,becalled判断用definition;根据therefore,thus,so,asaresult判断用result,conclusion;根据find,discover判断用findings。组织信息题感谢您选择智翔教育,智翔内部教学资料助力您成绩突飞猛进!高老师联系电话(微信)15875645670所谓组织信息题,即能从文中找到信息句,但需转换原词的词性或另用新词填空。例如,根据信息句“beresponsibleforyourownlearning,thoughitisbynomeansunwisetocompareyourobservationswiththoseofothergroupmembers.”判断填写“Take________forone’sownlearning”,显然该空应填写“responsibility”,即为原句中形容词responsible的名词形式,转换了词性。组织信息题的产生是因为表格中的表达形式不同于原文表达所致。因此,找到答题信息句后,考生应注意分析、比较、推敲表格与原文在表达上的异同,从而做出正确的推理判断。值得注意的是,所填入的词或短语不仅要求拼写正确,符合语法规则,还要确保上下左右语义一致。真题再现“六选五”、“七选五”题型1.RidingaLondonsubway,apersonfromChinawillnoticeonemajordifference:InLondon,commuters(乘车上下班的人)don’tlookateachother.71.Thatisnotrudeness—peoplearejusttoobusytobotherlooking.D.Infact,eyecontactisavoidedatallthetime.2.___75___Theysayit'sboringtohearthesamesongsallthetime.ButotherpeopleenjoyhearingMuzakinpublicplaces.Theysayithelpsthemrelaxandfeelcalm.Onewayoranother,Muzakaffectseveryone.SomefarmersevensaytheircowsgivemoremilkwhentheyhearMuzak!A.Somepeopledon'tlikeMuzak.3.Musicisoftenplayedinpublicplacesbecauseitisdesignedtomakepeoplefeellesslonelywhentheyareinanairportorahotel.IthasbeenproventhatMuzakdoeswhatitisdesignedtodo.TiredofficeworkerssuddenlyhavemoreenergywhentheyhearthepleasantsoundofMuzakinthebackground.___74___Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.D.Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore.4.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.【链接高清】B.Noticeyourfriends’feelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon’tforgetaboutyourfriends.G.Then,findawaytocalmdown.Everybodygetsstressedfromtimetotime.71somewaysofdealingwithstress—like感谢您选择智翔教育,智翔内部教学资料助力您成绩突飞猛进!高老师联系电话(微信)15875645670screamingorhittingsomeone—don’tsolvemuch.Butotherways,liketalkingtosomeoneyoutrust,canleadyoutosolvingyourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.72theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.F.Anddon’tforgetaboutyourfriends.Don’ttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitoutonthemselves.Oh,dear,that’snotagoodidea.Rememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Don’ttakeitoutonyourself.73A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryouarecalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it’stimetogetdowntobusiness.74Evenifyoucan’tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.Thesestepsaren’tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster.75D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.◆5.A.Balanceisthekey.B.Encourageyourfriendstofollowasimilarplan.C.Itisveryimportanttobedeterminedaboutthis.D.Trynottoaffectother’stimeandjustfocusonyourown.E.You’rebetteroffspendingthistimewithfriends.F.Youcanspendmoretimeonsociallifethanonstudy.G.Readafewpagesofyourschoolbookordosomequickchores(杂活